4.67, P

Objective: To describe the prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptom and disorder in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) in the general hospitals.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four main cities in China in 2004.359 eligible subjects with CHD were recruited from the outpatient or inpatient departments within six months.Face-to-face interviews were used in data collection together with the self-completed HAD scale for depressive and/or anxiety symptom screening.Subjects getting a HAD score of 9 and above were further assessed for depressive and/or anxiety disorders with HAMA scales and HAMD scales by the licensed psychologists or psychiatrists.Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms,depressive and anxiety symptoms,and total depressive and/or anxiety symptoms were 19.8%,16.7%,13.6% and 22.8% respectively in patients with CHD.Less than 4% of the subjects had been diagnosed or treated for the depressive or anxiety disorders prior to the investigation.In inpatients,the diagnosis and treatment rate was low to less than 1% during the current admission.Conclusion: It was noticeable to health care providers and health policy makers that there was high prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms and depressive and/or anxiety disorders,and low percentages of previous diagnosis and treatment in patients with CHD in general hospitals.

Zika virus (ZIKV) was an emergent flavivirus transmitted by Aedes genus mosquitoes and made an explosive outbreak in Latin America in 2015.A few months later,an obvious increase in the number of microcephaly neonates has been observed,which might be related to ZIKV infection during the mothers' pregnancy.Since then,researchers in many countries and territories have been working on the causal link between ZIKV and microcephaly and have made a number of achievements.To summarize the most recent evidence and the contribution of Chinese researchers on this issue,and to provide perspectives and challenges for future studies,we reviewed the literature of both microcephaly and ZIKV.Based on previous research results,ZIKV has been preliminarily proved to be the direct cause of microcephaly in newborns and Chinese researchers have made many important discoveries in the pathogenesis of microcephaly.Even so,future researches should also further investigate the mechanism of ZIKV-related microcephaly to advance the development of therapeutic and preventive strategies.

Objective To observe the efficacy and adverse reaction of the test drug hepatitis B immunoglobin on the post market.Method Employed by the methods of multiple center's clinical trials and using the recommended dosage of hepatitis B immunoglobulin for intravenous administration,the clinical efficacy of either prevention or treatment for hepatitis B recurrence and drug related adverse reactions were observed.This consisted of 22.1 months,13 hospitals,and 525 patients with hepatitis B related liver transplantation.Result The results showed a contrasting probability of adverse reactions for different doses among the observation period.Within 6 months postoperatively with a greater or equal to recommended drug dose,the infection rate was less than 4％.In contrast,the infection rate was greater than 12％ in the group with less than the recommended drug dose.Conclusion There was an obvious dose effect relationship,and the drug safety and recommended treatment rationality were verified.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence,and the factors that influence depressive symptoms among chronic respiratory disease patients in tertiary hospital.Methods:A total of 1713 outpatients and inpatients with chronic respiratory disease were selected from 8 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province from July to September,2014 and screened according to the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale-D (HADS-D).A questionnaire developed by this research group,was used to collect demographic and clinical information.Logistic regression was used to identify factors that were associated with depressive symptoms.Results:The overall rate of depressive symptoms was 46.0％.Multiple logistic analysis showed that spinsterhood (OR ＝ 0.45),higher education level (middle school /high school/technical school OR ＝0.65;college degree or aboveOR ＝0.28),BMI ≥24 (OR ＝0.71) were associated with decreased risk of depressive symptoms (P ＜ 0.05).B MI ＜ 18.5 (OR ＝ 1.52,),average income of family ≥10000 RMB (OR ＝ 1.37-1.96),limited daily activities (OR ＝ 1.72),poorer sleep quality (OR ＝ 1.45),and negative life events (OR ＝ 1.62) were associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:The prevalence of depressive symptoms among chronic respiratory disease patients in tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province was higher.Marital status,education level,income,BMI,limited daily activities,subjective sleep quality,negative life events may be the related factors of depressive symptoms of chronic respiratory diseases patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore the quantitative relationship between the intensity of psychosocial stress and the degree of overall health damages.

METHODSA multi-group case-control study was designed and implemented. The cases included two groups of out-patients (177) and in-patients (214) in a hospital in Jianyang city, and controls (587) were from the follow-up cohort in the same city. Three groups were studied on the following contents: general demographic characteristics, psychosocial factors and the degree of health damages including mental, physical, and social status. Major statistical analyses were as follows: ranks test, ANOVA, cluster analysis, multinomial logistic regression and ordered-logit regression.

RESULTSOrdered-logit regression model showed that the odds ratio of negative life-events on degree of health damages was 1.335 (P < 0.01). This result showed that there was a positive dose-effect relationship between the negative life-events score and overall health damages. The utility of social support to overall health had protective effect (OR = 0.513).

CONCLUSIONNegative life-events were the major risk factors to overall health, and there was a dose-effect relationship between negative events and health damages. Function of social support played a protective factor for health.

Analysis of Variance ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Educational Status ; Health Status ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Social Class ; Stress, Psychological ; psychology

Objective:In general, patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are considered to show an aggressive disease course. However, the relationship between the two subgroups in disease severity is controversial. Our study is aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and prognosis of double-seropositive and seronegative RA in China through a real-world large scale study.Methods:RA patients who met the 1987 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria or the 2010 ACR/European Anti-Rheumatism Alliance RA classification criteria, and who attended the 10 hospitals across the country from September 2015 to January 2020, were enrolled. According to the serological status, patients were divided into 4 subgroups [rheumatoid factor (RF)(-) anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody (-), RF(+), RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+), anti-CCP antibody(+)] and compared the disease characteristics and treatment response. One-way analysis of variance was used for measurement data that conformed to normal distribution, Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for measurement data that did not conform to normal distribution; paired t test was used for comparison before and after treatment within the group if the data was normally distributed else paired rank sum test was used; χ2 test was used for count data. Results:① A total of 2 461 patients were included, including 1 813 RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) patients (73.67%), 129 RF(+) patients (5.24%), 245 RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) patients (9.96%), 74 anti-CCP antibody(+) patients (11.13%). ② Regardless of the CCP status, RF(+) patients had an early age of onset [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) (51±14) years old, anti-CCP antibody(+) (50±15) years old, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) (48±14) years old, RF(+)(48±13) years old, F=3.003, P=0.029], longer disease duration [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 50 (20, 126) months, anti-CCP antibody(+) 60(24, 150) months, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 89(35, 179) months, RF(+) 83(25, 160) months, H=22.001, P<0.01], more joint swelling counts (SJC) [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 2(0, 6), Anti-CCP antibody(+) 2(0, 5), RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 2(0, 7), RF(+) 2(0, 6), H=8.939, P=0.03] and tender joint counts (TJC) [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 3(0, 8), anti-CCP antibody(+) 2(0, 6), RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 3(1, 9), RF(+) 2(0, 8), H=11.341, P=0.01] and the morning stiff time was longer [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 30(0, 60) min, anti-CCP antibody(+) 20(0, 60) min, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 30(10, 60) min, RF(+) 30(10, 60) min, H=13.32, P<0.01]; ESR [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 17(9, 38) mm/1 h, anti-CCP antibody(+) 20(10, 35) mm/1 h, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 26(14, 45) mm/1 h, RF(+) 28(14, 50) mm/1 h, H=37.084, P<0.01] and CRP [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 2.3 (0.8, 15.9) mm/L, Anti-CCP antibody(+) 2.7(0.7, 12.1) mm/L, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 5.2(1.3, 17.2) mm/L, RF (+) 5.2(0.9, 16.2) mm/L, H=22.141, P<0.01] of the RF(+)patients were significantly higher than RF(-) patients, and RF(+) patients had higher disease severity(DAS28-ESR) [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) (4.0±1.8), anti-CCP antibody(+) (3.8±1.6), RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) (4.3±1.8), RF(+) (4.1±1.7), F=7.269, P<0.01]. ③ The RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) patients were divided into 4 subgroups, and it was found that RF-H anti-CCP antibody-L patients had higher disease severity [RF-H anti-CCP antibody-H 4.3(2.9, 5.6), RF-L anti-CCP antibody-L 4.5(3.0, 5.7), RF-H anti-CCP antibody-L 4.9(3.1, 6.2), RF-L anti-CCP antibody-H 2.8(1.8, 3.9), H=20.374, P<0.01]. ④ After 3-month follow up, the clinical characteristics of the four groups were improved, but there was no significant difference in the improvement of the four groups, indicating that the RF and anti-CCP antibody status did not affect the remission within 3 months. Conclusion:Among RA patients, the disease activity of RA patients is closely related to RF and the RF(+) patients have more severe disease than RF(-) patients. Patients with higher RF titer also have more severe disease than that of patients with low RF titer. After 3 months of medication treatment, the antibody status does not affect the disease remission rate.

OBJECTIVETo understand the time and area specific prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis, sexual behaviors and awareness of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the mainland of China during 2010-2013.

METHODSAll the published academic papers on the prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis among MSM in the mainland of China from 2010 to 2013 were collected from CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases. Meta-analysis was performed by using software Stata 12.0.

RESULTSSixty six papers were selected. From 2010 to 2013 the pooled prevalence of HIV infection were 7.7% among the MSM (95% CI: 7.2%-8.3% ) and increased year by year, but the pooled prevalence of HIV infection was highest in southwestern China (12.0%). The pooled prevalence of syphilis were 10.9% among the MSM (95% CI: 9.8%-12.1%), and the pooled prevalence of syphilis was highest in southern China (14.4%). The incidence of anal sex was high (84.2%) in the past 6 months, but the consistent condom use rate was low (44.8%). The AIDS related knowledge awareness was high in the MSM (88.4%).

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis were high among the MSM in the mainland of China during 2010-2013. It is necessary to explore the comprehensive intervention measures to promote condom use among MSM although they have high awareness of AIDS related knowledge.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; China ; epidemiology ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Prevalence ; Safe Sex ; Sexual Behavior ; Syphilis ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo understand the smoking behaviors and its influencing factors among male smokers in two districts in Chengdu.

METHODSA face to face questionnaire survey was conducted among 320 male smokers in Chengdu. And the data were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method, t test, χ2 test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wails H rank sum test and cumulative odds logistic regression model.

RESULTSMore cigarette smoking (t=2.327, P=0.021) and using cigarette with lower tar level (t=-11.251, P<0.001) after changing the brand of cigarette were found among the males surveyed. The cumulative odds logistic regression analysis showed that males with lower education level (OR=1.968, P=0.040), with higher income level (OR=2.053, P=0.043), leaving shorter butts (OR=2.366, P=0.010) and with high nicotine dependence (OR=7.143, P<0.001) had more cigarette smoking.

CONCLUSIONSmokers who changed the brand of cigarette were more likely to choose low tar cigarette. Smokers with low education level, high income level and high nicotine dependence are the target population for health education and behavior intervention in smoking control.

China ; epidemiology ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Use Disorder ; epidemiology