Objective To survey the influence of nursing intervention on cognition level for pressure sores and psychological state among accompany family members of patients with cerebral injury. Methods 123 accompany family members of patients with cerebral injury were selected and took part in the investigation about cognition level for pressure sores, besides, SDS and SAS were also adopted to evaluate their psychological state. Later nursing intervention was given to increase their cognition level for pressure sores, then another evaluation was carried out. Results before and after the intervention were compared. Results The accompany family members lacked knowledge of pressure sore, showed serious anxiety and depression for nursing pressure sore before intervention. But their cognition level for pressure sore improved and anxiety and depression lightened after intervention. Conclusions Nursing intervention is effective to alleviate cognition level for pressure sore and psychological state among accompany family members of patients with cerebral injury, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS among older adults in Chongqing,and to provide scientific evidence for developing prevention and control measures.Methods The data were collected through the national AIDS reporting information system,SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the data.Results From 2001 to 2015,a total of 10495 cases had been reported accumulatively,and HIV/AIDS cases was accounting for 31.1％.The study was showed that the main infection people was man and the main professional was the main farmer.Moreover,the main infection was heterosexual transmission and accounting for 91.5％.Conclusion The epidemic of HIV/AIDS aged over 50 was on the rapid rise from 2001 to 2015 in Chongqing,the publicity and education should be focused on them,to improve the relevant awareness and reduce their risk behavior.

Background and purpose: The effects of tumor after radiotherapy and chemotherapy with tumor cell apoptosis have positive correlation. Survivin is an apoptosis suppressor gene, which is overexpressed in lung cancer. The reduction of its expression can increase lung cancer cell apoptosis. RNA interference can speciifcally and effectively blocked the expression of this gene. After accepting a dose of radiation, tumor tissues can raise the rate of gene transduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the expression of Survivin gene suppressed by intratumor injection siRNA and radiation in lung cancer. Methods:Mouse subcutaneous transplanted with tumors were randomly divided into four groups:untreated group (group A), group with intratumor injection siRNA (group B), group with radiation (group C), group 4 Gy pre-irradiation combination with intratumor injection siRNA (group D). Two days later, mouse with different treatments were executed by cervical dislocation and stripped the subcutaneous tumors. mRNA and protein levels of Survivin gene were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot; Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were assayed by lfow cytometry (FCM). Results:The expression of Survivin gene in mRNA and protein levels in group B, C, and D were signiifcantly reduced compared with group A. The differences of Survivin expression in mRNA level between group A and group D were statistically signiifcant. Compared with the other 3 groups, the expression of Survivin gene in group D was signiifcantly reduced, the differences were statistically signiifcant (P=0.036);The proportion of cells in S-phase of group D was (2.70±0.34)%, compared with group B [(8.93±0.75)%] and group C [(6.71±0.51)%], that was significantly reduced. The differences of the proportion of S-phase cells in group A and group D were statistically signiifcant (P=0.034);The rate of cell apoptosis in group D was (25.67 ± 0.65)%, which was signiifcantly increased compared with the rate of cell apoptosis in the other 3 groups, the differences were statistically signiifcant (F=78.82, P<0.05). Conclusion:Pre-irradiation can enhance the transduction rate of siRNA, reduce the expression of Survivin gene in lung cancer, promote cell apoptosis, and increase the sensitivity of the radiotherapy.

Objective To explore the related pelvic floor anatomy to the pathological vaginal relaxation and key points of the vaginal tightening surgery.Methods The vaginal tightening surgery was performed in 24 cases of vaginal relaxation.The key points of this operation included levator ani muscle suturation and perineal body reconstruction,and anal sphincter reconstruction as in case of the muscle injury grade Ⅲ.Results The degree of levator ani muscle separation was positively correlated with that of vaginal relaxation in all the 24 cases.18 cases were followed up from 6 months to 2 years,and had no complications of rectovaginal fistula and infections.The average level of perineal body was increased from 2.3 cm to 3.5 cm.Vaginal length of 6 cm from vaginal orifice was proper with good tightness.The patients felt strong anal contraction,enhanced ability of vaginal tightening and improved quality of sex life.There were no more infections of genitourinary tract.Conclusions Through levator ani muscle suturation and perineal body reconstruction,it can get the vaginal tightening effect.

The modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is urgent need of the modern theory of TCM, is a consensus. But, How to establish and what kind of modern TCM theory, is far from a consensus. Based on the summarization of the common law in the construction of scientific theory, we are trying to give a answer that are expected to form a consensus. Firstly, we have illustrated the trend that the development of TCM theory should learn from the life and medical sciences theory function and value; Secondly, we have proven that TCM and TCM theory belongs to the traditional medicine and theory and pointed out the limitation of the traditional medicine, TCM and its theory. And then we have revealed the inevitable trend of traditional medicine, TCM and its theory development at home and abroad, logically obtained the inevitable choice of constructing the modern TCM basic theory; Lastly, we have analyzed the different discipline new theory construction process and method at home and abroad and discovered the common five steps rule, put forward three principles and five steps of constructing modern TCM basic theory, demonstrated its important role during the theoretical revolution promoting Chinese Medicine theory from phenomenon description to mechanism clarification and the scientific value of Chinese Medicine theory in the domestic and foreign development trend.

The effect of astaxanthin on N(Ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced preeclampsia disease rats was investigated. Thirty pregnant Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): blank group, L-NAME group and astaxanthin group. From day 5 to 20, astaxanthin group rats were treated with astaxanthin (25 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) x bw(-1)) from pregnancy (day 5). To establish the preeclamptic rat model, L-NAME group and astaxanthin group rats were injected with L-NAME (125 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) x bw(-1)) from days 10-20 of pregnancy. The blood pressure and urine protein were recorded. Serum of each group was collected and malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities were analyzed. Pathological changes were observed with HE stain. The expression of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B), ROCK II (Rho-associated protein kinase II), HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) and Caspase 3 were analyzed with immunohistochemistry. L-NAME induced typical preeclampsia symptoms, such as the increased blood pressure, urinary protein, the content of MDA, etc. Astaxanthin significantly reduced the blood pressure (P < 0.01), the content of MDA (P < 0.05), and increased the activity of SOD (P < 0.05) of preeclampsia rats. The urinary protein, NO, and NOS were also decreased. HE stain revealed that after treated with astaxanthin, the thickness of basilal membrane was improved and the content of trophoblast cells and spiral arteries was reduced. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that the expressions of NF-κB, ROCK II and Caspase 3 in placenta tissue were effectively decreased, and HO-1 was increased. Results indicated that astaxanthin can improve the preeclampsia symptoms by effectively reducing the oxidative stress and inflammatory damages of preeclampsia. It revealed that astaxanthin may be benefit for prevention and treatment of preeclampsia disease.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the treatment outcomes and failure patterns in patients with head?and?neck cancer of unknown primary head?and?neck cancer of unknown primary, and to compare the efficacy between elective mucosal irradiation and ipsilateral neck treatment. Methods The clinical data of patients with head?and?neck cancer of unknown primary who were admitted from January 2007 to December 2013 were retrospectively collected. Thirty?one patients received elective pharyngeal mucosal irradiation and 61 patients only received ipsilateral neck treatment. The SPSS 19. 0 software was used for comparison of the survival and local control between the two groups. Results In the 92 patients, the median age was 57 years;79. 3% had metastasis to level Ⅱ lymph nodes;the median follow?up time was 36. 5 months;the 3?year overall survival, mucosal control, and neck control rates were 89. 0%, 86. 6%, and 82. 4%, respectively. Primary sites were found in 15 patients, containing nasopharynx in 4 patients, oropharynx in 3 patients, oral cavity in 3 patients, throat and hypopharyngeal part in 3 patients, maxillary sinus in 1 patient, and esophagus in 1 patient. The patients undergoing elective pharyngeal mucosal irradiation had significantly higher 3?year mucosal control and neck control rates than those undergoing ipsilateral neck treatment ( 100% vs. 74. 9%, P= 0. 040;87. 5% vs. 62. 2%, P= 0. 037 ) . There was no difference in the 3?year overall survival rate between the two groups ( 83. 5% vs. 88. 7%, P= 0. 910 ) . Conclusions For patients with head?and?neck cancer of unknown primary, elective pharyngeal mucosal irradiation can reduce the incidence of primary site and increase the neck control rate. A new standard for target volume delineation should be established as soon as possible for elective prophylactic pharyngeal mucosal irradiation.

Objective:To explore the epidemic characteristics, clinical features and therapeutic effects of Kala-azar in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province in recent years, and to improve the cognition of Kala-azar.Methods:The clinical data of 17 adult cases of Kala-azar in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province in 2018 and 2019 were collected by retrospective analysis method, the epidemiological characteristics, clinical diagnosis and first diagnosis, clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging examination, treatment and prognosis of the patients were sorted and analyzed.Results:All 17 patients were from Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, including 15 males and 2 females. The main clinical manifestations were long-term irregular fever (17 cases), anemia (13 cases) and splenomegaly (16 cases). The main manifestations of blood routine included decreased white blood cell count (14 cases), anemia (13 cases), and decreased platelet count (10 cases). The positive rate of rk39 immunochromatographic strip test was 100.00% (14/14). Nine patients underwent bone marrow puncture smear examination, 7 patients were positive for Leishman-Donovan bodies. All patients were treated with sodium pentavalent antimony gluconate (hereinafter referred to as antimonials) for 10 days, the cure rate was 88.24% (15/17), and recurrence rate was 11.76% (2/17).Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of Kala-azar are not typical, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed. Early examination of bone marrow puncture smear and serum antibody should be carried out for suspected patients. Antimonials is still a safe and effective drug for treating Kala-azar.

This study was aimed to establish a method for the rapid content determination of Ixerin Z and 11,13α-dihydroixerin Z in Ku-Die-Zi (KDZ) injection by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The separation was performed on a Waters ACQUITY BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7μm) by using a gradient elution with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1. The column temperature was set at 40℃. Multi-reaction moni-toring (MRM) scanning was employed for quantification in ESI negative mode. The results showed that two sesquit-erpene lactones in KDZ injection were totally separated within 2 min. The linear range of Ixerin Z was 5.70-182.50 ng·mL-1, and the linear range of 11,13α-dihydroixerin Z was 4.60-131.25 ng·mL-1. The correlation coefficient r was more than 0.999 0. The recovery rates (n = 6) were 98.18% and 97.52%, with RSDs < 1.5%. The established method was successfully applied for simultaneous content determination of Ixerin Z and 11,13α-dihydroixerin Z in 6 batches of KDZ injection from 2 factories, which had some variations on the content determination results. It was concluded that the method was rapid, accurate and sensitive, which can be used for the content determination of two sesquiterpene lactones in KDZ injection.