With the wide use of azoles,drug tolerance and cross tolerance of Candida albicands has seriously hampered the clinical treatments of Candida albicands.New antifungal agents(potent and effective) have been developed over the past years based on the discovery of many new target sites of Candida albicands.For example,Echinocandins(caspofungin and micafungin),aiming at the cell wall of Candida albicands,showed strong antifungal activities to fluconazole resistant candidas and fungal biofilm.Moreover,because ?-glucan synthase does not exist on the cell membrane of mammalian cells,Echinocandins has a low toxicity and a promising clinical future.Though the mechanism of Histatin(targeting fungal membrane) is not clear,it has strong activity not only on candida resistant of polyene and azole,but also to Candida parapsilosis,Candida krusei and Cryptococcus neoformans.Berberine and Ocimum gratissimum L.were also found to have prominent anti-fungi activities.Berberine extract can intensively inhibit 24-SMT in a dose-depended manner;besides,it has more potent inhibitory activity against the growth of mycelia than against that of yeast.Various new methods can be used to increase the susceptibility of Candida albicands to antifungal agents,such as altering fungi membrane composition,changing some genes,adopting the photodynamic inactivation method,employing hypersensitization agents and combining antifungal agents.This article reviews the newly-developed antifungal agents and newly-proposed target sites of Candida albicands.

Objective To know the effects of psychological intervention on elder patients with coro-nary heart disease when combined with depression and anxiety. Methods Divided 73 elder patients with coronary heart disease into the control group(35 cases) and the psychological intervention group(38 cases) randomly. Routine treatment and nursing cares were used in the control group, while the psychological in-tervention group was used in the psychological intervention group in addition. Evaluated the mental status between the two groups by SAS and SDS at the beginning of the research and three weeks later. Time in hospital and general clinical medical effects were analyzed in the end of research. Results There were no significant difference between the two groups about SAS and SDS scores at the beginning, while the later scores in the control group were significant higher than those of in the psychological intervention group. The period in hospital in the control group was longer than in the intervention group, the general medical effects was bet-ter in the intervention group than in the control group. Coneinsions Psychological intervention for elder patients with coronary heart disease when combined with depression and anxiety is a kind of ef-fective mode, which can improve the medical effects.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Shuanghuanglian on pharmacokinetics of theophylline in healthy sub?jects.METHODS:The serum concentration of theophylline was determined by HPLC and analyzed by3p97pharmacokinetic program.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of single theophylline and that in combined use with Shuanghuan?glian were as follows:T max were(1.66?0.56)and(1.59?0.78)h,C max were(6.23?1.31)and(6.10?0.94)?g/ml,T 1/2 were(5.76?1.11)and(6.09?1.63)h,CL were(47.72?5.12)and(50.98?10.85)ml/(kg?h),Vd were(369.18?40.15)and(430.37?48.33)ml/kg,AUC 0～∞ were(84.56?14.43)and(89.27?26.35)?g/(h?ml),respectively.CONCLUSION:The Vd of theophylline were increased(P

OBJECTIVE:To improve the pharmacotherapeutic efficacy for kidney transplant patients and decrease the adverse drug reactions METHODS:Clinical pharmacists intensified the monitoring of blood drug concentrations,adjusted the doses and kinds of drug used,established the pharmaceutical records for the recipients and guided the use of drugs RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The incidence of adverse drug reactions could be effectively decreased in kidney transplant patients by the way of pharmaceutical care

0.05);the successful rate was 92.9 %.Conclusion Favorable results after 12~18 months of clinical service indicate that the DT light-post system can be an effective alternative to conventional cast post-and-core systems in the treatment of anterior esthetic prosthodontics.

Through the analysis of Shenyang Medical College student's scientific research from 2007 to 2016, college student's scientific research has played an important role in promoting the cultivation of innovative talents, it has been an effective way that students understand the process of scientific research, cultivate scientific research ability, and that scientific research promotes teaching in university. College student's research should enhance the scientific and feasibility of the project selection, cultivate students the spirit of independent scientific research.

Kallmann syndrome ( KS) is a rare disease and characteristic of an absence of puberty, infertility, and a defective sensation of smell (anosmia or hyposmia). Here, we analyze the features of a case of KS diagnosed clinically. In addition, the etiology, genetic features, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of KS were reviewed.

Klinefelter syndrome(KS) is the most common sex chromosome disorder in males,which is caused by the presence of the extra X chromosome that maybe inherited from mother or father. Approximately 80% karyotype of the cases is 47,XXY. KS is characterized by small firm testes, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, infertility,gynaecomastia, increased height. However, cognitive disabilities and psychiatric disorders are rarely diagnosed in KS because they lack screening in related aspects. At the present, the pathogenesis of cognitive disabilities and increased risk of psychiatric diseases in KS have not been delineated. In this article,we report two cases of KS,and review their clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and treatments.