ObjectiveTo summarize the treatment of simple renal cysts experience,the advantages and disadvantages of the two surgical options. MethodsRetrospective analysis of 15 cases of renal cysts after general anesthesia in patients with laparoscopic cyst decompression in the clinical data and 21 cases of renal cysts underwent open surgery in patients with clinical data,comparative analysis of advantages and disadvantages of both types of surgery were conducted. ResultsIn this study,14 patients with laparoscopic surgery were successful,1 patient converted to open surgery,laparoscopic surgery in patients with blood loss,postoperative complications and time of staying hospital after operation postoperative hospital stay were significantly less than group of open surgery. ConclusionThe laparoscopic renal cyst decortication was a safe and effective treatment for simple renal cysts,compared to traditional open surgery in patients with trauma,less bleeding postoperative pain,rapid recovery,shorter hospital staying and so on.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of marine sponge Craniella australiensis collected from the South China Sea.Methods Compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and their structures were identified based on spectral analyses and chemical evidence.Results Four compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract and identified as: ?-sitosterol(Ⅰ),3?,6?-stigmast-4-en-3,6-diol(Ⅱ),1,12-diazacyclodocosane-2,11-dione(Ⅲ),uracil(Ⅳ).Conclusion All these compounds were isolated from this sponge for the first time.

ObjectiveTo investigate the endoscopic and clinical characteristics of gastrointestinal Behcet's disease (BD). MethodsWe analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of 27 patients with gastrointestinal BD retrospectively.Results Most common locations involved were esophagus and ileocecum,74. 1％ (20/27) and 59. 3％ (16/27), respectively. The most common parenteral symptoms were oral ulcers (85.2％), genital ulcers (25.9％), ophthalmitis (7. 4％ ) and skin damage (7. 4％ ). The most common gastrointestinal symptom was chest pain (48. 1％, 13/27). Ulcer was the basic endoscopic feature,most of which were with uneven bottom and peripheral inflammatory response. There was no difference in endoscopic features between typical BD and atypical BD. Pathology showed typical small vasculitis (44. 4％,12/27). ConclusionClinical manifestations of intestinal BD vary. Symptoms are not necessarily consistent with the involved locations. A small number of patients with BD present with gastrointestinal symptoms as the first and only symptom, with serious complications in some patients. Physicians need to be fully aware of the disease.

Objective To evaluate the significance of dilated intercellular space (DIS) of squamous epithelium in lower-esophagus which was measured at light microscopy (LM) in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods This study was divided into two parts. The first part consists of 133 GERD patients with typical symptoms, including 75 erosive esophagitis (EE) and 58 non-erosive reflux disease (NERD);the second part consists of 25 healthy volunteers as control; ambulatory 24-hr esophageal pH monitoring, endoscopy and biopsies which were taken in lower esophagus were performed in all individuals. NERD patients with negative ambulatory 24-hr esophageal pH monitoring were undertaken PPI test. We selected 43 individuals randomly (4 control, 11 NERD and 28 EE) to measure the intercellular space diameter with LM and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) simultaneously. All the samples were observed at immersion objective, taken pictures and make the scale at the same time; all the pictures were measured by the computer-assisted morphometry and in the samples for one ease should be measured 100 points and then calculate the mean intercellular space diameter, while the TEM has the same procedures. Results A total of 158 individuals (90 male, 68 female) were enrolled in this study. The mean intercellular space diameter with LM of the controls, the NERD and the EE patients were (0.61±0.10)μm, (1.12±0.61)μm and (1.30±0.19) μm, respectively, with significant differences between the control and NERD group, the control and EE group, the EE and NERD group (P <0.05); the mean intercellular space diameter with LM of EE subgroup of LA-A, LA-B, LA-C, LA-D were (1.31±0. 23)μm, (1.27±0.17)μm, (1.31±0.14)μm, (1.33±0.11)μm, respectively, without significant differences among every two subgroups (P > 0.05);NERD patients with positive and negative 24-hr ambulatory pH monitoring were 40 and 17 cases, and the mean intercellular space diameter with LM were (1.12±0.16) μm, (1.11±0.31) μm, respectively, without significant differences between them (P >0.05) ;the cut-off value of mean intercellular space diameter with LM was 0. 85 μm, if combination the clinical GERD symptom, endoscopy and 24-hr ambulatory pH monitoring as gold standard, its sensitivity was 95.5% and specificity was 100%;the intercellular space diameter of the controls, the NERD patients and the EE patients with TEM were (0. 30±0.14)μm, (1.33±0.28)μm, (1.40±0. 22)μm, respectively,with significant differences between the control and NERD group, the control and EE group (P < 0.05). It was significant correlation in intercellular space diameter between LM and TEM (r=0.737, P=0.000).Conclusions The intercellular space diameter of squamous epithelium in lower esophagus of GERD patients can make quantitative study with LM. It is significant correlation with TEM. DIS with LM is one of sensitive, specific and objective marker of GERD.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of intercellular space diameters (ISD)of squamous epithelium by light microscopy (LM) in lower esophagus of erosive reflux esophagitis (ERD),non-erosive reflux disease ( NERD), Barrett esophagus (BE) and healthy controls. Methods A total of 21 ERD and 21 NERD patients with reflux symptoms and confirmed with 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring, 13 BE patients diagnosed by gastroscopy and biopsy, and 20 other healthy controls were enrolled in the study.Samples of ERD, NERD and control group were collected at 2 cm above dentate line, and made HE slides in the conventional way. Images for measurement of ICS were acquired with oil lens ( × 1000). ICS of squamous epithelium was quantitatively measured by computer-assisted morphometry. Ten cells were taken for each sample, 10 consecutive ISD for each cell, i.e. 100 ISD for each subject. Mean ISD was calculated.Results Mean ISDs by LM in control, BE, ERD, and NERD groups were 0. 59, 0. 99, 1.29 and 1.06 μm, respectively. The mean ISDs in BE, ERD, and NERD group were much greater than that in control (P＜0. 05). The mean, maximal and minimal ISDs of group ERD were greater than those of NERD and BE (P = 0. 000). However, the ISDs of NERD and BE are of no significant difference ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The cut-off value of mean ISD for diagnosis of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) was 0. 85 μm. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for ERD, NERD and BE were 89. 1% and 100. 0%, with reference to clinical symptoms, endoscopy and ISDs above the cut-off value. Conclusion Larger ISDs in lower esophagus by using LM will be found in all subgroups of GERD, including ERD, NERD and BE. Increased ISDs may be one of the markers for diagnosis of ERD, NERD and BE.

Objective To survey the survival status, functional status, marital status and the present situation of the survival patients with spinal cord injury 40 years after Tangshan earthquake. Methods From February to May, 2016, a total of 216 patients with spinal cord injury were surveyed with questionnaire, in which 139 cases lived centralized and 77 cases lived scattered. The questionnaire was self-designed and included eleven items and 51 questions, which related to ability of daily life, marital status, employment status and socioeconomic status and so on. Results A total of 960 (25.15%) patients with spinal cord injury survived 40 years after Tangshan earthquake. In 216 surveyed pa-tients, the employment rate was 9.3%, the married rate was 53.2%, and 44.9%earned less than 500 yuan every month. The incidence was 25.9%for pressure score, 50.50%for neuralgia (severe pain accounted for 23.51%), and 19.40%for urinary tract stones. 56%of patients could take their own basic self-care. Conclusion There were many problems such as high complication rate, low employment rate and poor economic condition in the spinal cord injury group 40 years after Tangshan earthquake.

The liposomes were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation technique. The morphology of the liposomes, the entrapment efficiency and the particle size distribution were evaluated. The CT signals of Iohexol liposomes in rabbits were compared with those of Iohexol injection in rabbits. The entrapment efficiency of Iohexol liposomes was 82.35% +/- 1.82%. The liposmes were spherical or ellipsoidal shape in shape. The mean diameter of the Iohexol liposomes was 207 7 nm. The polydispersity index was 0.355. The Zeta potential was--1.83 mV. The drug was highly entrapped into the liposomes with good reproduction and stability. The in vitro release of Iohexol liposomes was significantly slower than that of Iohexol,and was 98.57% at 24 h. Iohexol liposomes may reduce the dosage, prolong the effective time of the developing agent, and could reduce the side effects of Iohexol on the blood vessels and cerebral nerves.
Animals ; Contrast Media ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Iohexol ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Particle Size ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation

Objective To explore the influence of mononuclear cells (MNC), CD34+ cells, CD3+ , CD3+ CD4+ , CD3+ CD8+ , CD4+ CD25+ T cells, CD3- CD16+ CD56+ natural killer cells (NKs), and dendritic cells (DCs) doses in graft on acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) following HLA-identical sibling allogeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT).Methods Sixty-five patients receiving HLA-identical sibling allo-PBSCT were studied.The number of CD34+, CD3+, CD3+ CD4+, and CD3+ CD8+ T cells in the graft was counted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).The number of CD4+ CD25+ T cells, CD3 CD16+ CD56+ NKs, and DCs in the graft was also measured by FACS in 31 patients among above-mentioned 65 patients.The doses of each kind of cells in the graft were calculated according to per kilogram of recipients body weight.The patients were divided into high or low dose groups according to whether or not more than or equal to median of MNC, CD34+, CD3+, CD3+ CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD4+ CD25+, CD3 CD16+ CD56+ or DC cell doses, respectively.Acute GVHD was analyzed between two groups.Results The frequency of the cumulative incidence of grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ aGVHD was increased in CD3+ CD4+ and CD3+ CD8+ T cells high dose groups as compared with correspondingly low dose groups, but the difference had no statistically significant difference (P = 0.089 and 0.098, respectively).Recipients in CD4 + CD25 + T cells high dose group had significantly reduced cumulative incidence of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ aGVHD as compared with those in correspondingly low dose group (P< 0.05).The cumulative incidence of total aGVHD was significantly higher in DC1 high dose group than in correspondingly low dose group (P<0.05) and the cumulative incidence of grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ aGVHD was also higher in high dose group, but the difference had no statistically significant difference (P = 0.069).There was no significant difference in cumulative incidence of total and grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ aGVHD between MNC, CD34+ , CD3+, NK or DC2 high dose groups and correspondingly low dose groups (P>0.05, respectively).Conclusion Recipients in DC1 high dose group have significantly increased cumulative incidence of total aGVHD, but those in CD4+ CD25+ T cells high dose group have significantly reduced cumulative incidence of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ aGVHD.

Objective To investigate the potential mechanism for symptoms related to epigastric discomfort in patients without Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection.Methods Patients who underwent gastric endoscopy and conformed H.pylori negative by histologic examination were enrolled.Among them,232 adult patients were collected between August 2006 and November 2006 and 31 children were collected between September 2005 and August 2009.All patients showed no apparent abnormality by endoscopic examination.The endoscopic biopsy was examined with HE or Warthin-Starry staining.Results In adult group,arteriole obstruction was found in 16 (8.8%) cases and focal haemorrhage in 82 (45.6%) cases.Both were existed in 82 (45.6%) cases.The histopathologic findings showed that arteriole obstruction in transition zone (65.2 %,P = 0.159) was common,whereas the focal haemorrhage in gastric fundus and corpus (65.6%,P=0.001) was in predominance.The symptom of heartburn was less in patients with arteriole obstruction and/or focal haemorrhage in comparison with those without these changes (x2 =8.564,P=0.003).In adolescent group,arteriole obstruction and/or focal haemorrhage accounted for 96.8% (30/31).Conclusion Gastric mucosa ischemic resulted from arteriole obstruction are commonly seen in both adult and adolescent patients,which is an important reason for epigastric discomfort in H.pylori negative patients.

OBJECTIVEThis article aimed to review the incidence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and its therapy.

DATA SOURCESRelevant articles published in English were identified by searching in PubMed from 2000 to 2013, with keywords "H. pylori". Important references from selected articles were also retrieved from Elsevier, Wiley, EBSCO, and SPRINGER. The Chinese articles published were searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI).

STUDY SELECTIONArticles about "prevalence", "gastric carcinoma", "peptic ulcer", "gastroesophageal reflux disease", "functional dyspepsia", "pathogenic mechanism", "therapy", "eradication rate", "antibiotic resistance", and "gene polymorphisms" were selected.

RESULTSThe decreased infection rates of H. pylori could also be linked to the changed disease spectrum, such as the decreased morbidity and recurrence rate of H. pylori-related peptic ulcer, and the increased morbidity of gastroesophageal reflux. Although different treatment regimens have been used for H. pylori infection, the H. pylori eradication rate declined gradually. Due to primary resistance to antibiotics, the gene polymorphism of host and infected strain, and the therapy regimes, H. pylori eradication became even more difficult.

CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of H. pylori infection had been decreasing, but the rate of eradication failure has dramatically risen in many countries due to resistance to antibiotic. H. pylori therapy in clinical practice is becoming progressively more difficult.

Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; genetics ; Helicobacter Infections ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; drug effects ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Humans