Green tea is a drink made from the steamed and dried leaves of the Camellia sinensis plants.Green tea contains a number of bioactive chemicals,including polyphenols that exert anticancer and antioxidant properties.Many studied have shown that green tea polyphenols have neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia through the mechanisms of antioxidant,antiapoptosis,and reducing brain edema.

Objective To investigate the evaluation value of spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) on fetal cardiac systolic function .Methods The fetal cardiac cycle images were collected by the four-dimensional(4D) STIC ultrasound technique in 160 normal singleton pregnancies .The virtual organ computer-aided analysis(VOCAL) technique was used to measure the ventricular end-systolic volume (VESV) and ventricular end -diastolic volumes(VEDV) .The stroke volume(SV) ,ejection fraction(EF) and cardiac output(CO) were calculated .Results VESV ,VEDV together with SV and CO in normal pregnancy were increased with gestation week increase .EF remained constant with advancing gestational week .VESV ,VEDV ,SV ,CO and EF of right ventricle were all larger than those of the left ventricle .Conclusion The fetal cardiac systolic function in normal pregnancy is increased with gestational age increase ,the right heart systolic function is superior to the left heart .

Objective Purpose understanding the prevalence of diabetes(DM) of Xuzhou mine workers and impacts on the incidence of risk factors, and discussing the prevention and treatment.Methods From November 2007 to March 2008,1180 Xuzhou mine workers were determinated by height,weight,abdominal circumference,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose and lipid four(including triglycerides ,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), OGTT test.Results DM prevalence rate is 5.25 percent,more men than women;prevalence rate under 40 years old is lower,the prevalence rate from 40 to 50 year-old began to increase, to the top of 50-year-old.Overweight and obesity people took the most part.Conclusion DM is a common diseases among Xuzhou mining area in-service workers with high rates of prevalence,it connected with age,family history, occupation,body mass index(BMI),etc.

Objective To evaluate the application of M-mode echocardiography and Doppler echocardiography in diagnosing complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) in fetus. Methods M-mode and Doppler echocardiography were used to screen the fetuses and bradycadia was established as CAVB in 10 cases. Atrial and ventricular rhythm was measured by M-mode echocardiography. Flow of mitral valve, left ventricular in-flow and out-flow tract, venous duct was measured by Doppler echocardiography. The characteristics and prognoses of CAVB fetus were compared and analyzed. Results CAVB was established as independence in rhythm of atrium and ventricle. The rhythm of atrium could be in normal range, while the rhythm of ventricle should be slower than normal. Enlarged chambers were observed in 6 cases, cardiac dysfunction in 5 cases, and pericardial effusion in 7 cases. Tricuspid regurgitation and mitral regurgitation existed in 5 and 1 case, respectively. All of the CAVB fetus in this study underwent abortions. Conclusions Fetal echocardiography is proven to be a useful tool to diagnose CAVB, which greatly influenced the cardiac function in fetuses. Clear diagnosis as early as possible is crucial to the treatment of CAVB fetus.

Protamines are a group of highly basic proteins first discovered in spermatozoon that allow for denser packaging of DNA than histones and will result in down-regulation of gene transcription[1].It is well recognized that the Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) encodes P6.9,a protamine-like protein that forms the viral subnucleosome through binding to the viral genome[29].Previous research demonstrates that P6.9 is essential for viral nucleocapsid assembly,while it has no influence on viral genome replication[31].In the present study,the role of P6.9 in viral gene transcription regulation is characterized.In contrast to protamines or other protamine-like proteins that usually down-regulate gene transcription,P6.9 appears to up-regulate viral gene transcription at 12-24 hours post infection (hpi),whereas it is non-essential for the basal level of viral gene transcription.Fluorescence microscopy reveals the P6.9's co-localization with DNA is temporally and spatially synchronized with P6.9's impact on viral gene transcription,indicating the P6.9-DNA association contributes to transcription regulation.Chromatin fractionation assay further reveals an unexpected co-existence of P6.9 and host RNA polymerase Ⅱ in the same transcriptionally active chromatin fraction at 24 hpi,which may probably contribute to viral gene transcription up-regulation in the late infection phase.

Objective: To analyze the echocardiographic features of Behcet's disease misdiagnosed as infective endocarditis and the causes of misdiagnosis. Methods: Clinical data of patients with Behcet's disease involving cardiovascular system were analyzed retrospectively and the clinical and echocardiographic features of these patients were summarized. Results: Among the 12 patients with Behcet's disease, 9 cases were preoperative cardiac surgery patients and 3 cases were postoperative cardiac surgery patients. All the 9 patients showed severe aortic regurgitation, including 3 cases with aortic perivalvular abscess, 4 cases with aortic valve vegetation, 2 cases with aortic perivalvular abscess and vegetation formation. Perivalvular leakage of aortic valve was found in 3 patients after cardiac surgery, including 1 case of aortic valve vegetation formation, 1 case of perivalvular abscess, 1 case of perivalvular abscess and vegetation formation. Conclusion: It is difficult to diagnose Behcet's disease combined with aortic valve insufficiency with vegetation-like mobile lesions, an echo-free space mimicking aortic root abscess. If the patients with history of recurrent oral aphthosis, genital aphthosis or ocular lesions, the possibility of cardiac Behcet's disease should be suggested.

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in assessment of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice feeding with western diet.Methods Sixteen ApoE knockout mice in 8 weeks age were selected,then divided into two groups.One group was fed with west diet as high-fat group,and another group was fed with normal diet as control group.Intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque area in the aortic root were assessed by UBM in two groups after 8 weeks and 16 weeks.And the measurements of UBM were compared with results of histopathology and blood-fat.ResultsThicken wall and plaque could be find in aortic root in control group and high-fat diet group byUBM.IMT and plaque area in high-fat diet group was significantly higher than those of control group ( P ＜ 0.05).The IMT and plaque area in UBM were good correlation with histopathology ( rwas 0.81 and 0.70 respectively).The triglyceride(TC) and total cholesterol in high-fat diet group was significantly higher than those of control group ( P ＜0.05),and IMT in UBM were increased with the elevated level of TC,there was a positive correlation between IMT and TC( r =0.528).ConclusionsWestern diet can accelerate the process in formation of atherosclerotic plaque in ApoE knockout mice.UBM can be used to observe this prograss noninvasively in vivo mice.

Objective: To investigate the normal urinary manganese value in healthy adults in Guangxi, China and its distribution characteristics. Methods: From 2015 to 2016, stratified random sampling based on age and sex was performed to select 1533 healthy adults aged 18-60 years in Nanning,Liuzhou,Guilin,Hezhou,Wuzhou,Yulin,Guigang,Beihai,Qinzhou,Laibin,Hechi Nandan,Bose Jingxi,Chongzuo Daxin,and Fangchenggang.All of them had no history of occupational manganese exposure or acute or chronic liver/renal diseases and had lived in the local area for more than one year. A total of 1417 urine samples with normal specific gravity and complete data were obtained, and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used to measure urinary manganese.The distribution characteristics of urinary manganese level were analyzed among adults with different ages,sexes,or presence or absence of smoking habits or among those who lived or did not live in the mining area. Results: The geometric mean of urinary manganese among healthy adults in Guangxi was 0.52 μg/L,and the upper limit of normal was 5.68μg/L. There was no significant difference in urinary manganese level between the healthy adults with different ages, sexes,or presence or absence of smoking habits (P>0.05).The healthy adults who lived in the mining area of nonferrous metal mines had a significantly higher geometric mean of urinary manganese than those who did not live in such areas(1.65μg/Lvs0.34μg/L,P<0.01). Conclusion The upper limit of normal of urinary manganese is 5.68 μg/L among healthy adults in Guangxi,and the healthy adults who live in the mining area of manganese mine or nonferrous metal mines have a significantly higher urinary manganese level than those who do not live in such areas.

Objective: To investigate the upper limit of the normal value of arsenic in healthy adult population in different areas of Guangxi. Methods: From 2015 to 2016, 1533 subjects from 14 counties and cities in Guangxi were collected by age, gender, stratified random sampling and questionnaire survey. 1417 urine samples with satisfactory urine quality and complete information were collected.The content of arsenic in urine was determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Results: The upper limit of normal arsenic in healthy adults in guangxi was 0.053 mg/L. Male urinary arsenicP₅₀(0.011mg/L)was higher than that of the female(0.008mg/L), the difference was statistically significant(Z=5.352,P<0.01). Smoking urinary arsenicP₅₀(0.012mg/L) was higher than that of nonsmokers(0.009mg/L), the difference was statistically significant(Z=3.404,P<0.01). GroupP₅0 urine arsenic in coastal areas(0.012mg/L) the crowd was higher than that in non coastal areas(0.009mg/L), the difference was statistically significant(Z=-7.522,P<0.01). Conclusion The upper limit of normal arsenic in healthy adults in Guangxi area is 0.053mg/L,and there are differences in the levels of arsenic in healthy adults, such as different genders and regions.

Objective To identify clinical prevalence of untypical adefovir-resistant mutations of hepatitis B virus (HBV),and to analyze their phenotypic characteristics.Methods 1741 patients with chronic HBV infection were evolved.Untypical adefovir-resistant mutations were analyzed by direct sequencing.Longitudinal analysis was performed by clonal sequencing.Wild-type and mutant HBV genomic amplicons were constructed into pTriEx-HBV 1.1 vector and transfected into HepG2 cells.The replication capacity and the 50％ effective concentration of drugs (EC50) were calculated.Results Patients treated with adefovir alone were more likely to develop rtN238T mutation than those treated with other nucleos(t) ide drugs (x2 =17.10,P ＜ 0.01).The patient received adefovir for 47 months,and then viral rebound and biochemical breakthrough occurred with detection of rtN238T + A181V and rtN238T mutation.Switching-to entecavir therapy suppressed HBV DNA and ALT to an undetectable level and converted all viruses into wild type ones.The reulsts of viral replication capacity showed that rtN238T + A181V strain was higher than rtA181V strain (t =9.54,P ＜ 0.01).Compared to the wild type virus,rtN238T + A181V variant was relatively less susceptible to adefovir.Conclusions rtN238T mutation conferred no resistance to ADV but enhanced natural replication capacity,hence it might represent a novel compensatory drug-resistant mutation for adefovir.