Objective To evaluate the soothing effects of hemodiafiltration on patients with refractoriness nephrotic edema and its influence on prognosis of nephrotic syndrome.Methods All the 15 cases involved had undergone hemodiafiltration periodically during acme edema and administered with the same standard loading dose of prednisone for 8 weeks.Meanwhile,clinical and lab indexes (urine volume,Cr,Bun,urinary protein,albumin) were measured.Results All patients improved in urine volume and renal function gradually after the treatment of hemodiafiltration for 1 to 3 times.By the 8th week of post-hemodiafiltration,urinary protein 24 h declines obviously[(6.42?2.31)g/d to (0.87?1.24)g/d].Conclusion Hemodiafiltration is an effective treatment in relieving retention of water,increasing the remission rate of protein urine,recovering patients' renal function and improving their prognosis to nephritic syndrome patients with severe refractory edema.

Objective To observe P27 expression and proliferation of mesangial cells of rats with Thy1 glomerulonephritis and to evaluate the interfering effect of valsartan, a specific angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonist, on Thy1 glomerulonephritis. Methods Rats were divided into normal control group, Thy1 glomerulonephritis group and valsartan treatment group. Following the onset of glomerulonephritis, renal morphological changes were observed on days 1, 3, 5 and 7, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and P27 expression in glomerulus were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results High expression of P27 was found in quiescent mesangial cells of normal rats, but decreased expression in mesangial cells of rats with Thy1 glomerulonephritis, accompanying with the proliferation of mesangial cells. In valsartan treatment group, glomerular hypercellularity, mesangial matrix expansion and PCNA expression were significantly reduced as compared with those of the untreated rats with Thy1 glomerulonephritis from day 3 to day 7( P

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) in ameliorating rat progressive focal segmental glomerular sclerosis(FSGS) model induced by adriamycin.Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells from male SD rats,after cultured by adherence method,were identified as EPCs.Female SD rats were divided into normal control group,adriamycin induced renal disease(ADR) group,EPCs transplantation group.ADR group and EPCs group underwent unilateral nephrectomy and received 5,3 mg/kg of adriamycin via tail vein 1 week and 2 weeks after operation,while the control group underwent sham operation and received 0.9% sodium chloride solution of equal volume.The whole body irradiation by 5 Gy X ray was done 1 week after the 2nd injection of adriamycin,then immediately 1?106 EPCs were transplanted via tail vein.The rats in control group and ADR group were only injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution after whole body irradiation.The body weight and urine protein were measured before operation(0 week) and 4(1 week after EPCs transplantation),8,12 and 16 weeks after nephrectomy.Y chromatosome incorporation was detected with in situ hybridization at the 4th and 16th week.The histological and ultrastructural changes of kidney were evaluated at the 16th week.Results At the 4th and 16th weeks,Y chromatosome positive cells could be found incorporation in the area of glomerular and tubular epithelial cells.Since the 4th week,the weight of rats in both ADR group and EPC group became significantly less than that in control group and since the 8th week that in ADR group became less than that in EPC group(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the treatment and safety of interferon ? plus Ribovirin for chronic hepatitis C after kidney transplantation. MethodsFive patients with chronic hepatitis C after kidney transplantation were administered with interferon ? (50 ?g) subcutaneously once a week, plus Ribovirin (600 mg) orally once daily. The levels of HCV-RNA, ALT and serum creatinine in patients’ serum were monitored monthly. ResultsFour in 5 patients presented normal ALT and negative HCV-RNA in serum 12 weeks after treatment, and obtained sustained viral response 24 weeks after interferon ? plus Ribovirin therapy. During treatment, renal graft rejection did not occur. The most frequent side-effects were the decrease of leukocyte and hemoglobin, myalgia and fever, but did not influence the course of treatment. ConclusionCombination of interferon ? with Ribovirin can be a valid therapeutic option in renal transplant recipients with hepatitis C, and shows no influence on the renal function.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical and pathological characteristics in diagnosing the renal diseases with diffuse glomerular nodular changes. MethodsThe clinical and pathological data of 127 patients whose renal pathological feature was mainly diffuse glomerular nodular changes were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsThe most common diagnosis was diabetic nephropathy and renal amyloidosis, and sometimes light chain deposit diseases and Mix cryoglobulinemia. ConclusionDiffuse glomerular nodular changes occurred in many diseases. We should make differential diagnosis based on the clinical symptoms, the results of laboratory examinations and the renal pathological characteristics.

Objective To observe the impact of transplant nephrectomy on panel reactive antibodies and a secondary renal transplantation.Methods Panel reactive antibodies in 15 patients with a failed renal transplant admitted in our hospital between 2004 to 2007 were measured before transplantation,before and 1 month,6 months,12 months after transplant nephrectomy,and the pathological changes were observed after transplant nephrectomy.Results Panel reactive antibodies was increasing after renal transplantation,and reached the highest level one month after transplant nephrectomy,then grandually got down.New HLA allosensitization sites were discovered after transplant nephrectomy.Large amount of C4d was stained in failed transplant.Conclusion Serum PRA increased after transplant nephrectomy.New HLA allosensitization sites were found,which may be useful in HLA matching.

Aim The mechanism of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)in mediating increase of intracellular free magnesium ([Mg2+]i) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and the relationship between Mg2+and angiogenesis were investigated in this study.Methods The change of[Mg2+]i in HUVECs were quantitatively detected in intracellular cation measurement system via loaded with the fluorescent magnesium indicator mag-fura-2. Endothelial cells were primarily acquired by infusion of collagen enzyme solutioninto the lumens of human umbilical veins and cultured in M199 with 0.2 fetal bovine serum. The role of bFGF in angiogenesis was observed in presence of 0,1 mmol?L-1 or 2 mmol?L-1 of extracellular Mg2+.Results bFGF dose-dependently increased [Mg2+]i, and there was not any significant difference among the groups of 0,1 mmol?L-1and 2 mmol?L-1 of extracellular Mg2+;similar results were obtained in groups done with Na+ and Ca2+. Pretreatment with bFGF receptor-2 (KDR) inhibitor (SU1498) blocked the increase of [Mg2+]i induced by bFGF.Unlike in the group of 0 mmol?L-1extracellular Mg2+,the apparent angiogeneses were observed in the groups of 1 mmol?L-1 and 2 mmol?L-1 extracellular Mg2+ in the presence of bFGF.bFGF-induced angiogenesis was significantly blocked with SU1498 in the presence of 1 mmol?L-1 extracelluar Mg2+.Conclusions These results suggest that the increase of [Mg2+]i by bFGF come from intracellular Mg2+ pools mediated by KDR-dependent signaling pathways,thereby resulting in the bFGF-induced angiogenesis.

Objective By summing up monitoring data of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province from 2000 to 2012, to evaluate epidemiological dynamics and analyze prevalence trend. Method Monitoring data of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province from 2000 to 2012 were collected, epidemiological characteristics including prevalence condition, area and population distribution were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method. Results Totally 38 578 persons were examined from 2000 to 2012. The number of persons infected with brucellosis was 1 209, the infection rate was 3.34%;the number of patients diagnosed with human brucellosis was 344, the prevalence rate was 0.89%. New cases had occurred since 2006, and there were 158 new cases diagnosed with brucellosis. The prevalence rates in cities and areas of agriculture and pasture were 2.93%(78/2 663), 1.18%(33/2 806) and 0.70%(233/33 109), respectively. The ages of developing brucellosis ranged from 10 to 72 years old. The prevalence rates of biological pharmaceutical producers and the herdsman were [18.13%(196/1 081)] and [6.13%(353/5 763)], respectively. The prevalence rate of human brucellosis in Han nation was the highest [4.61%(467/10 140)], followed by Tibet [3.60%(443/12 318)], Mongolia [2.53%(211/8 342)], Tu [2.22%(110/4 953)] and Hui [2.09%(59/2 825)], and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 102.493, P < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence state of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province is in a increasing trend, and new cases are increasing.

Objective: To study the MRI manifestations of foot injuries in amateur marathoners and the diagnostic value of MRI for foot injuries. Methods: Forty-eight amateur marathoners were prospectively recruited from October 2018 to March 2019. Participants were grouped according to the FASS criteria. All participants underwent bilateral foot MRI examinations. The MRI features of foot in amateur marathoners with and without foot pain were analyzed.The association with gender, age, time to participate in marathon, amount of running per week, number of times to complete the whole marathon and the symptoms of foot pain was studied. Results: There were 28 sides in FASS in grade 0, including 8 males and 20 females, 8 hydrocele of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, 6 edema of bone marrow, 4 edema of soft tissue, 4 hydrocele of tendon sheath, and 6 without abnormal manifestations of MRI. There were 68 sides in FASS grade 1, including 42 males and 26 females, 38 Achilles tendinitis, 14 plantar fasciitis, 12 Achilles tendon bursitis and 4 posterior ankle impingement syndrome. The incidence of foot pain in amateur marathoners was related to gender (OR=1.060, P=0.043), unrelated to age (OR=0.248, P=0.078), number of marathons completed (OR=1.006, P=0.956), time to participate in marathon (OR=1.008, P=0.944), amount of running per week (OR=0.971, P=0.407). Conclusion Among amateur marathon runners, the foot pain is mainly caused by Achilles tendon and plantar fascia, while those without foot pain are mainly characterized by joint effusion, tendon sheath effusion and bone marrow edema. Gender is the only factor affecting the incidence of foot pain in amateur marathoners. MRI examination is an effective method to determine foot injury and has important clinical application value in the diagnosis and treatment of foot injury.

Objective To purify native F1 antigen from E pestis EV76 strain and determine its ef-ficacy against Y. pestis. Methods A new purification method was developed by the substitution of physical disruption ( glass beads) for organic solvent ( acetone and toluene) one, followed by a combination of ammo-nium sulfate fractionation and SephacrylS-200HR column filtration chromatography. Groups of mice were im-munized with F1 antigen adsorbed to 25% aluminum hydroxide in PBS by intramuscular route. The immu-nized animals were challenged subeutaneously(s, c. ) with 104 CFU of Y. pestis strain 141 at 18 weeks after the primary immunization. Results There was no IgG titre difference between two groups of mice with one-dose immunization, whereas in the two-dose immunization groups, the group F1-40 μg induced a statistically higher antibody titre than the group F1-20 μg. Complete protection was observed for animals immunized with purified F1 antigen by s.c. route. In contrast, the control mice immunized with aluminum hydroxide suc-cumbed to a same dose of Y. pestis 141 challenge. Conclusion This purification strategy is a simple and ef-fective, and can be operated in a large scale. Native F1 antigen extracted from Y. pestis EV76 is highly im-munagenic, and can be used as a key antigen component to develop sub-unit vaccine of plague.