Objective:To observe the effect of Xiaoerfeire Kechuan Granule in the treatment of bronchopneumonia in children and its effect on serum activating protein(APC) and interleukin-1 receptor(IL-1R).Methods:From June 2016 to June 2018, 116 children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Lishui were selected as observation subjects.According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into observation group and control group, with 58 cases in each group.Both two groups were given conventional therapy.On the basis of this treatment, the observation group was treated with Xiaoerfeire Kechuan Granule.The therapeutic effects, the disappearance time of clinical symptoms, and the changes of APC and IL-1R levels before and after treatment were observed.Results:After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.55%, which was higher than that of the control group(81.03%), the difference was statistically significant(χ 2=7.017, P=0.008). The defervescence time, lung voice disappeared time, disappearance time of X-ray inflammation and disappearance time of cough in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant( t=9.134, 13.157, 3.407, 8.532, all P<0.05). Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in the serum ACP and IL-1R levels between the two groups( t=0.480, 0.501, all P>0.05). After treatment, the serum ACP levels increased in both two groups(all P<0.05), and the ACP level of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(t=5.209, P<0.05); the serum IL-1R level of the two groups were decreased(all P<0.05), and the IL-1R level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group ( t=11.835, P<0.05). Conclusion:Xiaoerfeire Kechuan Granule is effective in the treatment of children with bronchopneumonia, which can improve the clinical symptoms of children rapidly, its mechanism may be related to lowering serum IL-1R level and increasing APC level.