Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a special subtype of breast cancer which is invalid to endocrine therapy.Anti-Her2 targeted therapies such as herceptin and lapatinib are not suitable to TNBC.At present,conventional chemotherapy is the only way for the medical therapy of TNBC.Thus,searching for novel therapeutic agents for TNBC is one of hot researches of breast cancer.New targeted therapy drugs such as PARP-1 inhibitors,EGFR inhibitors,CXCR4 inhibitors,anti-angiogenesis drugs,Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor,and mTOR inhibitor are being researched.

The gene encoding the VP28 envelope protein of White spot syndrome virus (WSSV)was cloned into expression vector pET-30a and transformed into the Escherichia coli strain BL21.After induction,the recombinant VP28 (rVP28) protein was purified and then used to immunize Balb/c mice for monoclonal antibody (MAb) production.It was observed by immuno-electron microscopy the MAbs specific to rVP28 could recognize native VP28 target epitopes of WSSV and dot-blot analysis was used to detect natural WSSV infection.Competitive PCR showed that the viral level was approximately 104 copies/mg tissue in the dilution of gill homogenate of WSSV-infected crayfish at the detection limit of dot-blot assay.Our results suggest that dot-blot analysis with anti-rVP28 MAb could rapidly and sensitively detect WSSV at the early stages of WSSV infection.

Objective To study the effects of ?2-adrenergic receptor gene Arg16Gly polymorphism on blood lipid and apolipoprotein ratio and its role in blood lipid and apolipoprotein ratio mediated by high carbohydrate/low fat (HC/LF) diet in healthy young persons.Methods Fifty-six healthy young volunteers had regular diet for 7 d followed by HC/LF diet for 6 d.Twelve-hour fasting venous blood samples were collected on days 1,8 and 14 to measure blood lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) AI and B100 levels,and to calculate ratios of TG/HDL-C,log (TG/HDL-C),TC/HDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C and apoAI/apoB100.DNA was isolated from genome.Arg16Gly polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP.Results No significant difference was found in the baseline lipid and apolipoprotein ratio in subjects with AA genotype and G carriers before and after regular or HC/LF diet.The ratios of TG/HDL-C (P=0.017),log (TG/HDL-C) (P=0.031),and apoAI/apoB100 (P=0.006) were significantly higher,while those of TC/HDL-C (P=0.001) and LDL-C/HDL-C (P

Aim To investigate the effect and mecha-nism of quercetin combined with cisplatin on prolifera-tion and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 . Methods MG-63 cells were treated with quercetin alone or combined with cisplatin. Cellular morphologic changes were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope. The effects of proliferation inhibition were assayed by CCK-8 method. The combination effect was judged through Chou-Talaly analysis. The apoptosis ra-tios of cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The gene expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 was detected by RT-PCR assay. The protein expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 was measured by Western blot assay. Re-sults Quercetin alone or combined with cisplatin could inhibit the proliferation, but induce the apoptosis of MG-63 cells. Combination of quercetin and cisplatin revealed a synergistic effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis as it reduced the expression of Bcl-2 but en-hanced that of caspase-3 at both gene and protein lev-els. Conclusion Synergistic effect of quercetin com-bined with cisplatin on cell proliferation and apoptosis of MG-63 cells is possibly due to reduction of Bcl-2 and enhancement of caspase-3 expression.

Objective To identify the electrophysiological charateristics and cause of ridge gap related reentry after MI ablation in atrial ifbrillation patients. Methods Activation and entrainment mapping was performed in 82 redo cases for OAT recurrence in whom MI was ablated during the index produre. Once ridge gap related reentry was conifrmed, detailed mapping was performed in MI and ridge region. In addition, in 36 cases undergoing MI ablation and fulfilling criterion for bidirectional block, differential pacing was repeated at the ridge to identify a ridge gap. Results Out of 82 redo cases for OAT recurrence in whom MI was ablated during the index produre, 7 (8.5%) was found to be ridge gap related reentry. TCL was (247.9±19.2) ms, and the left atrial endocardial activation time was (145.4±17.7) ms, accounting for (58.5±3.2)%of TCL. However, wide double potential was recorded along the previous ablated MI line where PPI was (34.3±6.6) ms longer than TCL, while PPI was signiifcantly shorter at the ridge[PPI-TCL (11.4±3.9) ms, P<0.001]. Tachycardia was terminated at the ridge in 6 cases and at the corresponding site in coronary sinus in 1 case. No recurrence was found during follow-up for (11.1±4.5) months. In addition, in 36 patients undergoing MI ablation in whom criterion of bi-directional block was fuliflled, conduction gap located at the ridge was found in 5 (13.9%) cases. Conclusions MI ridge gap related reentry is a distinctive OAT, in which the ridge was used as the critical isthmus, whereas the previous ablated MI line is not part of the reentry. MI pseudo-block due to the ridge gap may lead to this type of recurrent tachycardia.

Objective Identify the mechanism of induced atrial arrhythmias after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with paroxysmal atrial ifbrillation(PAF), and investigate its long-term prognosis. Methods All patients with PAF undergoing PVI and induction test afterwards between Feburary 2010 and October 2010 were included. The induction protocol was rapid pacing initiated at cycle length of 250 ms with progressive shortening in a decrement of 10 ms down to 180 ms or refractoriness. Isoproterenol of 2-4μg/min was administrated as well. Inducibility was deifned as induction of atrial arrhythmia lasting >1 min. The mechanism of induced tachycardia was identiifed by activation mapping and entrainment mapping under the guidance of CARTO system. All patients were followed up by 36 months. Results Forty-nine atrial tachycardia were induced in 39 (19.7%) patients, including 35 organized atrial tachycardia (OAT) and 14 atrial ifbrillation (AF). The LA diameter was signiifcantly larger in inducible group than non-inducible group (39.5±6.6 mm vs. 36.7±5.2 mm, P=0.004). Macroreentry was the most common mechanism in induced OATs (28, 80.0%), and mitral isthmus was the most common critical site (20, 40.8%), followed by cavo-tricuspid isthmus (12, 24.5%), PV (6, 12.2%), LA septum (4, 8.2%), superior vena cava (3, 6.1%) and LA roof (1, 2.0%). Conclusions The most common mechanism of induced tachycardia by IV isoproterenol and rapid pacing is MI and CTI dependent after PVI in PAF patients, which can be succssefully eliminated by liner ablation, not increasing long-term recurrence rate.

Objectives To address whether menopause affects outcome of catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) by comparing the safety and long-term outcome of a single-procedure in pre-and post-menopausal women. Methods A total of 743 female patients who underwent a single CA procedure of drug-refractory AF were retrospectively analyzed. The differences in clinical presentation and outcomes of CA for AF between the pre-menopausal women (PreM group, 94 patients, 12.7%) and the post-menopausal women (PostM group, 649 patients, 87.3%) were assessed. Results The patients in the PreM group were younger (P<0.001) and less likely to have hypertension (P<0.001) and diabetes (P=0.005) than those in the PostM group. The two groups were similar with regards to the proportion of concomitant mitral valve regurgitation coronary artery disease, left atrium dimensions, and left ventricular ejection fraction. The overall rate of complica-tions related to AF ablation was similar in both groups (P=0.385). After 43 (16-108) months of follow-up, the success rate of ablation was 54.3%in the PreM group and 54.2%in the PostM group (P=0.842). The overall freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence was simi-lar in both groups. Menopause was not found to be an independent predictive factor of the recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia. Conclusions The long-term outcomes of single-procedure CA for AF are similar in pre-and post-menopausal women. Results indicated that CA of AF appears to be as safe and effective in pre-menopausal women as in post-menopausal women.

Objective To investigate ablation characteristics of PVC/VT originating from left ventricle anterior papillary muscles.Methods This study included 10 patients of PVC/VT originating from left ventricle anterior papillary muscles from January 2015 to June 2016 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital.Electrophysiological mapping and radiofrequency ablation were completed using three-dimensional anatomical mapping system combined with three-dimensional intracardiac ultrasound technology.ECG and abaltion target diagram characteristics as well as the special anatomy were explored.Results All the 10 patients were successfully ablated and followed up for 12 months.One patient had recurrence within 12 months and no complications were recorded.The target sites localized at the tip (n =1),middle portion(n =4)or the base (n =5) of the LV-APM.Among 7 patients,the target sites were located at the anterior septal papillary muscle and in 3 patients were located in the free papillary muscle.9 patients were successfully ablated via anterograde trans-septal catheterization after the failure of retrograde approach.Premature QRS wave time were 152.80 ± 11.72 ms and 6 patients presented sharp potential at the targets during PVC/VT.Conclusions PVC/VT originating from left ventricle anterior papillary muscles have similar ECG and diagram characteristics that is different from which originating from left anterior fascicle.It is recommended to get the target via transseptalpuncure approach.Ablation target could be clearly positioned by three-dimensional intracardiac ultrasound technology.

OBJECTIVETo explore if CHA2DS2 VASc score can predict substrate for persistent atrial fibrillation ( AF) and outcome post catheter ablation of AF.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to December 2012,116 patients underwent catheter ablation of persistent AF in our department and were enrolled in this study. CHA2DS2VASc score was calculated as follows: two points were assigned for a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack and age ≥ 75 and 1 point each was assigned for age ≥ 65, a history of hypertension, diabetes,recent cardiac failure, vessel disease, female. Left atrial geometry ( LA) was reconstructed with a 3.5 mm tip ablation catheter with fill-in threshold 10 in CARTO system. The mapping catheter was stabled at each endocardial location for at least 3 seconds for recording. The electrogram recordings at each endocardial location were analyzed with a custom software embedded in the CARTO mapping system. Interval confidence level (ICL) was used to characterize complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) . As the default setting of the software, ICL more than or equal to 7 was considered sites with a highly repetitive CFAEs complex. CFAEs index was defined as the fraction of area of ICL more than or equal to 7 to the left atrial surface. The CFAEs index and outcome of catheter ablation among different CHA2DS2VASc groups were compared.

RESULTSOf the 116 patients, CHA2DS2VASc was 0 in 33 patients, 1 in 31 patients and ≥ 2 in 52 patients. Left atrial surface ((121.2 ± 18.9) cm2, (133.6 ± 23.8) cm2, (133.9 ± 16.1) cm2, P = 0.008), left atrial volume ((103.6 ± 24.8) ml, (118.3 ± 27.8) ml, (120.9 ± 20.9) ml, P = 0.005) and CFAEs index (44.6% ± 22.4%, 54.2% ± 22.2%, 58.7% ± 23.1%, P = 0.023) increased in proportion with increasing CHA2DS2VASc. ICLmax, ICLmin and CFAEs spatial distribution were similar among the three groups. During the mean follow-up of (13 ± 8) months, the recurrence rate were 36.4%, 35.5%, 55.8% among the three groups (P = 0.025).

CONCLUSIONA high CHA2DS2VASc score is associated with extensive AF substrate and higher recurrence rate post catheter ablation of persistent AF.

Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Catheter Ablation ; Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Recurrence ; Stroke ; Treatment Outcome