A total of 100 neurons were recorded from the nucleus raphe magnus (NRM), of which 59 were identified as noxious-exaitation neurons; 30 as noxioes-inhibition neurons; 5 as non-noxious neurons; and 6 as non-responsive neurons Seventy neurons were further tested with electro-acupuncture (EA). 69.77% of the noxious-excitation neurons were excited and 68.42% of the noxious -inhibition neurons inhibited by EA. Stimulation of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) could activate the majority of the EA-response neurons. Systemic morphine could also affect the EA-response neurons through the following three patterns: excitation, inhibition and no-effect. No signilicant correlation between the response patterns of EA and morphine was found. The results indicate that the effect of NRM in EA and morphine analgesia is only partially overlapped.

Objective To explore the current condition of psychological problems of patients in cardiology clinic. Methods A total of 347 patients in the cardiology clinic of Prof. HU Da-yi were screened by self-rating depression scale(SDS),Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),Hamilton rating scale for depression(HRSD)and Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA). Results The rates of patients with somatic disease only or with psychological disorder only were 52.4%and 12.7%, the rate of somatic disease accompanied with psychological disorder was 27.7%. For the patients with psychological problems, there were 31 cases with depression(8.9%),62 cases with anxiety(17.9%),and 28 cases(8.1%) suffering from mixed depression and anxiety the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease,functional disease or digestive disease was always used by doctors for the patients with psychological problems only,as they always did not accept the diagnosis of psychological disorder. Conclusions It is very common that patients in cardiology clinic department suffered from psychological problems. The patients with psychological disorder only were easily misdiagnosed as somatic disease especially cardiovascular disease.

Objective To explore the prevalence and physician's recognition of depression and anxiety disorder in gastrointestinal out-patients of three tertiary general hospitals in Beijing. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the gastrointestinal out-patient departments of three tertiary general hospitals in Beijing from May to June 2007. Total 517 subjects were recruited consecutively within a one month period. All the subjects were screened with Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). The subjects with HADS score of 8 and over were interviewed and diagnosed by psychiatrists using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The physicians made the diagnosis and management without knowing the results of MINI and HADS score. Results Among the 517 cases, 301 had a HADS score of 8 and above and 244 were interviewed by psychiatrists; the response rate was 81.1%. The prevalence according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth edition of depressive disorders and anxiety disorders in gastrointestinal outpatients were 15.3%, depressive disorders were 12. 0%, anxiety disorders were 6. 4%, depression combined anxiety disorder was 3. 0%. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, depression combined anxiety were not different between genders (x2 = 0. 874, x2 = 1.797,x2 =0.518, P >0.05) and among different age group ( 18-34, 35-54, ≥55 years old) (x2 = 1. 084,2 = 2. 735, 2 = 0. 350, P 0. 05 ). Gastritis and gastrointestinal dysfunction were the major diagnoses in patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders, the rates were 30. 6% and 26. 4% respectively. The rate of identification of depression and anxiety disorder by physicians was 2. 8%. Conclusion Gastrointestinal out-patients have a high prevalence of depression and anxiety disorder and the rate of identification by physicians was very low.

0bjective To explore the level of identification and related factors of depression in physicians of Beijing tertiary general hospitals.Methods A cross-sectional investigation was used to screen the outpatients,and depression was diagnosed according to Mini International Neuropsyehiatric Interview (MINI).Identification of depression was defined as referral to psychiatrist or managed with antidepressant or sedative hypnotics.Results Among 248 cases of depression,30(12.1%)were referred to psychiatrists,28(8.9%)managed with antidepressant or sedative hypnotics.The identification rate of depression by physicians was 21.0%.and the identification rate by neurologist was 40.4%,which is higher than the rate by cardiologist(22.4%),gastrointestinal physician(3.8%)and gynecologist(2.0%)(χ2=61.077,P<0.05).Visiting neurology department,severity of life impairment,with psychotic distress history,hadpsychological complaints.co-morbidity with anxiety related to the physician's identification of depression.Among the psychological complaints.only mood disorder and insomnia were related to the physician'sidentification of depression.Conclusions The level of depression identification by physician was low,the level of neurologist wag higher than that of cardiologist,gastrointestinal physician and gynecologist.The patient with serious life impairment,psychotic distress history,mood disorder and insomnia complaints was asily to be identified.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristic and the function of the eye movements system of the patients with vertebral-basilar insufficiency (VBI).Methods83 patients with VBI and 57 healthy controls were tested with electronystagmogram instrument,include saccade test, Eye Tracking Test (ETT) and optokinetic test(OKN).Results and ConclusionDelay lower accuracy of saccade test, decreased gain of OKN, asymmetry of horizontal ETT were showed in the patients with VBI.

OBJECTIVETo explore the prevalence of depression and (or) anxiety disorders among cardiovascular outpatients of tertiary general hospitals of five Chinese cities.

METHODSA hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the cardiovascular out-patient departments of 14 tertiary general hospitals in five Chinese cities. The patients aged 18 years and over were recruited consecutively, who were conscious and with informed consent, and can finish the questionnaire independently. All the subjects were screened with Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). The subjects with HADS score of 8 and over were interviewed and diagnosed by psychiatrists using mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI). The physicians made the diagnosis and management without knowing the results of MINI and HADS score. Subjects who refused MINI were defined as the case of loss of follow-up.

RESULTSA total 2 123 subjects were included in the survey. The adjusted prevalence rate of depressive and anxiety disorder was 4.05% (86/2 123), the depressive and/or anxiety disorder was 14.27 % (303/2 123), depressive and anxiety disorder and mixed depressive or anxiety disorder was 14.37% (305/2 123) according to MINI. The adjusted prevalence of lifetime depressive and anxiety disorder was 5.37% (114/2 123), depressive and/or anxiety disorder was 16.91% (359/2 123), depressive and anxiety disorder and mixed depressive-anxiety disorder was 17.00% (361/2 123).

CONCLUSIONThere is a high prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorder among cardiovascular outpatients from tertiary general hospitals in China. Therefore, doctors must pay attention to this disorder and try to reduce the impact of this disorder in cardiovascular patients.

Adult ; Anxiety Disorders ; epidemiology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; psychology ; China ; epidemiology ; Cities ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depressive Disorder ; epidemiology ; Disease Management ; Hospitals ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Physicians ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE： To analyze the clinical manifestations and characteristics of adverse drug reactions （ADR） induced by osimertinib mesylate， and to provide reference for clinical safe use of drugs. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， Wanfang database， CNKI and VIP during database establishment-Aug. 2018， ADR cases of osimertinib mesylate were analyzed retrospectively in respects of patient’s age， gender， nationality， usage and dosage of osimertinib mesylate， occurrence time of ADR， clinical manifestations， treatment measures and outcome， etc. RESULTS： A total of 20 articles were included， involving 21 patients. The age of the patients was 32-82 years old， and the proportion of patients aged 57-79 was the largest （80.9％）. The female with ADR （14 cases） were more than the male. The patients were from 5 countries， in which Japan took the most ratio （13 cases， 61.9％）. The dose of osimertinib mesylate was 160 mg/d in a patient and commonly recommended dose 80 mg/d for other patients. The most ADR cases （16 cases， 76.2％） occurred within 3 months， and no reports of ADR occurred more than 12 months. Organs/systems involved in ADRs were mainly respiratory system （11 case times， 45.8％） and digestive system （6 cases， 25.0％）， in addition， ADR also occurred in cardiovascular system， hematological system， systemic reactions， skin and eyes. Among 21 patients， 3 cases were mild ADR so that they were given same dose with same frequency. A patient suffered from interstitial pneumonia and was given medicine every other day and symptomatic treatment； the symptoms of the patient were relieved. Other 17 cases were relieved after drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment， but 2 patients died of tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS： In clinical application of osimertinib mesylate， attention should be paid to ADR monitoring， especially short-term ADR， especially ADR of respiratory， digestive system.

To improve the specific recognition and presentation of virus-like particle (VLPs), and to develop immune-targeted VLPs vaccine, the gene fragment encoding OVA₂₅₇₋₂₆₄ peptide was inserted into the VP3 gene of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) between the 171th and 172th amino acids (aa) or 173th and 174th aa by reverse PCR. The recombinant proteins were expressed by using Escherichia coli and assembled into chimeric VLP (VLP(OVA)) in vitro after purification. The VLP(OVA) was measured by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The recombinant protein and the assembled VLPs were evaluated by Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and laser scanning confocal microscopy to confirm the insertion of OVA₂₅₇₋₂₆₄ peptide into VP3 and its location. The results show that insertion of OVA₂₅₇₋₂₆₄ into the 173th and 174th aa of FMDV VP3 did not affect the assembly of VLPs. The VLP(OVA) in size was larger than VLPs, and the OVA₂₅₇₋₂₆₄ peptide was located on the surface of VLP(OVA).
Animals ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease ; virology ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle