BACKGROUND:Positive total knee replacement surgery greatly improved the quality of life in patients with knee joint degenerative disease, but widespread perioperative acute pain increases the probability of complications and hinders the rehabilitation exercises of patients; therefore perioperative pain processing has become an important topic of the current knee replacement.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of preemptive analgesia of parecoxib sodium, periarticular analgesia and their combination in the total knee arthroplasty, and explore reasonable and effective analgesic scheme.
METHODS:60 patients undergoing knee replacement were randomly selected in Xuzhou Central Hospital from May 2012 to December 2014, and then they were divided with a random number table into four groups: preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium, periarticular analgesia, combination and blank control, with 15 cases in each group. Different programs were used in each group during total knee arthroplasty.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 6, 12, 24 and 36 hours after operation, rest pain scores, activity pain scores and drug dose were significantly lower in the combination group than other three groups (P < 0.05). Time interval of anesthetic use was significantly longer in the combination group than other three groups (P < 0.05). At 3 days after replacement, active leg-raising time and active genuflex 90° time were significantly shorter in the combination group than other three groups (P < 0.05), and range of motion of the knee was good. The incidence of adverse reaction was lowest in the combination group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that preemptive analgesia of parecoxib sodium combined with periarticular analgesia is a safe and effective analgesic option, can obviously reduce pain after replacement, the amount of anesthetics and adverse reactions, improve range of motion of the knee and promote early rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To determine what effects diazoxide, a selective opener of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel ( Mito-KATP ), exerts on apoptosis in hippocampal neurons caused by anoxia-reoxygenation.Methods Newborn SD rats (

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of early tinnitus in patients with sudden deafness. METHOD: Forty-seven patients with sudden deafness and early tinnitus recieved subjective review and filled out classified questionnaire of tinnitus. By pure tone audiometry and tinnitus matching test, we obtain the distribution, quantity and matching loudness of tinnitus patients. RESULT: (1) Objective examination: the most common frequencies of tinnitus were 8000 Hz and 4000 Hz. The most common numbers were two frequencies. The matching loudness was (16.63 ± 8.37) dB. (2) Subjective examination: the tinnitus was monotone (74.0%), sustained (89.0%), third level loudness (45.0%), third level annoying (60.0%), high frequency (83.0%), sound of cicadas (66.7%). The most influencing factors were hearing (28.2%) and mood (29.5%). (3) Relationship between tinnitus and pure tone hearing threshold curve: there was a significant correlation between the frequency of pure tone audiometry and the matching loudness of tinnitus (r = -0. 370, P < 0.01). There was no significant correlation between the frequency of pure tone tinnitus and the matching loudness of tinnitus (r = -0.083, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION (1) The results of subjective examination were consistent with those of objective examination. (2) The tinnitus should be considered in the early treatment of sudden deafness.
Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; pathology ; Humans ; Tinnitus ; pathology

BACKGROUND:Neural stem cel s have multi-directional differentiation potential, self-sustaining and self-renewal capacity as wel as have strong migration ability. Bushen Huoxue Recipe can reduce neuronal damage and promote nerve cel regeneration, to achieve neural function reconstruction. Underlying mechanisms of Bushen Huoxue Recipe combined with neural stem cel transplantation in rats with tinnitus induced by sodium salicylate are yet unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Bushen Huoxue Recipe combined with neural stem cel transplantation in rats with tinnitus induced by sodium salicylate. METHODS:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups (n=12):normal control group, tinnitus model group, Bushen Huoxue Recipe group, stem cel group and combined treatment group (Bushen Huoxue Recipe combined with neural stem cel transplantation). Animal models of tinnitus induced by sodium salicylate were made in al the groups except for the normal control group. Fifteen days after modeling, rats were given intragastric administration of Bushen Huoxue Recipe water decoction (3 mL, 2.592 g/mL) for consecutive 7 days in the Bushen Huoxue Recipe group, intravenous injection of neural stem cel s (1 mL, 1.0×109/L) in the stem cel group, or their combined treatment in the combined treatment group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bushen Huoxue Recipe, neural stem cel transplantation and their combination al could effectively promote the recovery of drinking water inhibitory rate that was ranked as fol ows:combined treatment group

Objective To explore the effects of Sanchi gel on MMP-1 and TIMP-1 expression in epidural adhesion after laminectomy. Methods Laminectomy model was set up in SD rats. 72 SD model rats were divided randomly into Saline group, Zhanlp group, Carbopol Gel group and Sanchi Gel group, with 18 rats in each group. On 7, 14 and 21 days after the laminectomy, immunohistochemistry (method of S-P) was adopted to detect the expression of TIMP-1 and MMP-1. Results Different treatments had different influence on TIMP-1 and MMP-1 expression in epidural adhesion. The expression of TIMP-1 increased gradually on 14 dand 21 d after operation, and Sanqi Gel group showed weaker expression than the other groups (P＜0.05), but the number of positive cells decreased gradually. As to the expression of MMP-1, there was no difference among each group at the end of the second week (P＞0.05). There was a difference between Sanchi Gel group and the other groups at the end of third week (21 d) (P＜0.05) after operation. Sanchi Gel group showed higher expression of TIMP-1 than the other groups. The number of positive cells sharply decreased from 14 d to 21 d after operation. Conclusion Sanchi Gel has a significant preventive effect on fibrous scar formation after laminectomy. The possible mechanism of preventing epidural adhesion after laminectomy by Sanchi Gel could be its regulating and controlling the expression of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 in epidural tissue.

Objective To find time pint of the irreversible kidney injuru by observing renal pathological appearance and podocytes phenotype after complete ureteral obstruction.Methods The animal model of complete unilateral uretersal obstruction was consructed in 2-weekold and 2-month-old rats respectively.HE staining was employed to evaluate the degree of pathological changes,and immunofluorescence double staining to observe the transitional progression of podocyte.Results Grossly,there appeared pyelectasis at 2 h after obstruction and thinner renal cortex after 3 days of obstruction.Histologically,proximal tube display dilated and hydropic degeneration of tubular epithelial cells was observed after 12-day obstruction.The tubular epithelium showed distorted swelling after 3-day obstruction.Immunofluorescence double staining showed that podocytes decreased and the double-labeled macrophages was increased during 1 d to 2 d after unilateral ureteral obstruction operation.Conclusion Compared with control groups,the unilateral ureteral obstruction groups shows podocyte-to-macrophage transition at 1 d after the operation, while the pelvis shows obviously dilated.From the 1st day to the 7th day after unilateral ureteral obstruction,it shows increasing tendency of the podocytes transition.

The anti-fatigue ability decline is one of the most important clinical symptoms of chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS). The percentage change of type-I and II skeletal-muscle fiber is an important reason for anti-fatigue ability decline after intracompartmental pressure increase. There is a close relationship between CaN-NFAT or PPAR/PGC-1 signaling pathways and muscle fiber type conversion. Studies have confirmed that Traditional Chinese medicine can protect the body tissue by activing CaN-NFAT or inhibiting PPAR/PGC-1 signaling pathways. Therefore, we wrote the review in order to better analyze the research progress in this field.

Objective To study the curative effect of limited-acupotomy therapy on chronic lumbosacral osteo-fascial compartment syndrome. Methods 59 patients were randomly recruited into a control group (with 29 patients) and a treatment group (with 30 patients). The control group was treated with general-acupotomy therapy, and treatment group was treated with limited-acupotomy therapy. Evaluate the curative effects before the first and the second therapy, and 3 months after the therapy respectively, as well as VAS pain, JOA and CODI scores. Results The curative effect was 96.56% and 100% respectively in the control group and the treatment group 3 months after the treatment. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(χ2＝0.19,P＞ 0.05). As to VAS pain scores, JOA and CODI scores, the difference among the three stages of the treatment were significant (in control group F＝165.70, 99.90, 106.60 respectively, in treatment group F＝279.76, 154.34, 67.36 respectively, P＜0.01)in both groups respectively, but the difference between the two groups were not significant(P＞0.05) in each stage. Conclusion Limited-acupotomy therapy was safe and effective in treating chronic lumbosacral osteo-fascial compartment syndrome.

Objective To observe the optic disc perfusion in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) patients.Methods Forty eyes of 40 AION patients and 30 eyes of 30 normal subjects were included.The stage of the diseases was defined based on the course of the disease,including acute stage (less than 3 weeks) and recovery stage (more than 3 months).Optic disc blood flow area,outer vascular density and blood flow index were measured by optical coherence tomography angiography in all the subjects.Optic disc perfusion was observed in acute and recovery stage of disease.Results The optic disc blood flow area,outer vascular density and blood flow index were decreased of AION eyes in acute stage compared with the normal subjects,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);while the optic disc blood flow area,outer vascular density and blood flow index of AION eyes in the recovery stage showed no significant difference compared with normal subjects (P＞0.05).Conclusion Disc perfusion is reduced in AION at the acute stage,but recovered at the recovery stage.

Idiopathic parafoveal telangiectasis (IPT) is a retinal vascular disease which is characterized by foveal and parafoveal telangiectasia.The main clinical manifestations are retinal telangiectasis,reduced retinal transparency,retinal venular dilatation,yellow exudation,retinal pigment epithelial lesions,retinal hemorrhage,macular atrophy,macular hole or lamellar hole,subretinal neovascularization and retinal detachment.According to the clinical characteristics and features of fluorescein angiography,IPT can be divided into 3 types and 6 subtypes.Laser photocoagulation,photodynamic therapy,and intravitreal injection of glucocorticoid or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs,can reduce the macular edema and neovascularization.However,due to the unclear etiology of IPT,the existing treatment measures are not specific for its etiology.We need to work hard to understand further the clinical features and pathogenesis of IPT and search the targeted treatments based on its pathogenesis mechanism.