Objective To compare the T-lymphocyte subpopulations,complement C3,C4 and HBV-DNA in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B under different liver function.Methods A total of 136 patients with chronic hepatitis B were selected,the patients were divided into improved group and deteriorated group according to the changes of hepatic function.T-lymphocyte subpopulations,complement C3,complement C4 and HBV-DNA in two groups were determined.Results A total of 72 patients were included in improved group,64 patients were included in deteriorated group.CD4+ in deteriorated group was significantly decreased,and CD8+ was significantly increased compared with those in improved group(P<0.05),CD3+ had no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Complement C3 and complement C4 in deteriorated group decreased compared with those in the improved group(t=12.124,P=0.003;t=4.041,P=0.010).However,HBV-DNA had no statistical difference between two groups(t=-2.598,P=0.793 ).Conclusion Compared with T-lymphocyte subpopulations,complement C4 and HBV-DNA,complement C3 has a better sensitivity to reflect the damage of the hepatic function in patients with chronic hepatitis B.