Interferons (IFNs) are natural proteins produced by wide variety of cells in response to viral infection or other biological inducers, and they execute diversified functions as antiviral defense, immune activation and cell growth regulation. Four genes encoding porcine interferons (PoIFN), PoIFN-alpha, PoIFN-gamma, PoIFN-alphagamma or PolFN-omega, were cloned and sequenced. The four types of porcine interferon genes were subcloned into the pET-His vector, and expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3). The recombinant products were purified and renaturalized from inclusion bodies to obtain a native state of well biological activity. Antiviral activity assays for porcine interferons were performed and evaluated by standard procedures in following cell/virus test systems: Marc-145/PRRSV, Marc-145/VSV, PK-15/VSV, Vero/VSV or MDBK/VSV. The data showed that both PoIFN-alpha and PoIFN-alpagamma demonstrated significant antiviral activities, and the titer of them against PRRSV was up to 10(8) U/mg. PoIFN-gamma had approximately half or one-thirds antiviral activity of PoIFN-alpha. PoIFN-omega showed inconspicuous antiviral activity.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interferon Type I ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Interferon-gamma ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus ; drug effects ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Swine

Objective:To explore the effect of hip arthroscopy on improving the cross-sectional kinematics of the lower limbs in patients with femoral acetabular impingement (FAI).Methods:Eight FAI patients who underwent hip arthroscopy in the Department of Sports Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital from October 2021 to February 2022 were prospectively included, including 3 males and 5 females, with an age of 35.3±13.0 years (range 17-53 years), height of 168.0±12.8 cm (range 154-192 cm), weight of 61.1±8.5 kg (range 52-74 kg) and body mass index of 21.7±2.6 kg/m 2 (range 17.6-24.5 kg/m 2). There were 3 left hips and 5 right hips. FADIR (flexion, adduction and internal rotation test) was positive in all patients and FABER (flexion, abduction and external rotation test) was positive in 4 patients. Modified Harris hip score (mHHS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) of the affected hip joint were compared before the surgery and at the follow-up of 10 months. By using a markerless motion capture system, foot progression angles during normal gait, double-leg squat, forward lunge, single-leg standing and stepping in place were measured and compared before the surgery and at the follow-up of 10 months postoperative results. Results:All the 8 patients underwent the surgery successfully and were followed up for 11.0±1.2 months. The mHHS scores before the surgery and at the follow-up of 10 months were 60.9±20.5 vs. 82.9±7.3 with significant difference ( t=-3.07, P=0.018). The iHOT-12 scores before the surgery and at the follow-up of 10 months for the affected hips were 51.4±23.7 vs. 79.2±14.6 with significant difference ( t=-3.76, P=0.007). The VAS scores before the surgery and at the follow-up of 10 months were 4.6±2.3 vs. 1.5±0.9 with significant difference ( t=3.16, P=0.016). There was no significant difference in foot progression angle between the healthy side and the affected side for all movement trials before the surgery and at the follow-up of 10 months ( P>0.05). During normal gait, the postoperative and preoperative foot progression angles for the healthy side and the affected side were 26.52°±5.97 vs. 34.4°±7.20° and 24.41°±3.70° vs. 30.80°±6.43°with significant reduction ( t=2.83, P=0.013; t=3.05, P=0.041). While there was no significant difference in foot progression angles for double-leg squat, forward lunge, single-leg standing and stepping in place before the surgery and at the follow-up of 10 months ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Hip arthroscopy can change the cross-sectional kinematic characteristics of the lower limbs, potentially improving the progression angle in FAI patients.

Humans ; Arthroscopy ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Hip Joint/surgery* ; Pain ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Treatment Outcome