Adenoma, Sweat Gland ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose Neoplasms ; pathology

Fourteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of 90% EtOH extracts of the dried fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla by silica gel, MCI, RP-18, Sephadex LH-20, TLC and semi-preparative HPLC column chromatography. Their structures were identified by HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, NMR, ECD and X ray single crystal diffraction spectroscopic data as: (2R,5R,7R,10S)-2,7-dihydroxyl-eudesmane-3(4),11(12)-diene (1), α-rotunol (2), diketone I (3), (1S,4S,5R,7S)-1-hydroxyl-eremophilane-9(10),11(12)-diene-8-one (4), cyperusol A₁ (5), (6R,9S,10S)-10-hydroxyl-11,12,13-trinor-cadinane-4(5)-ene-3-one (6), (2E,4E)-6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylhepta-2,4-dienal (7), oxyphyllacinol (8), yakuchinone A (9), (5R)-5-hydroxy-1,7-diphenylhept-3-heptanone (10), (5S)-5-hydroxy-7-(4″-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylhept-3-heptanone (11), (5S)-5-hydroxy-7-(4″-hydroxyl-3″-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone (12), 7-(4″-hydroxy-3″-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3,5-heptadione (13), bis-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (14). Compounds 1-6 were sesquiterpenoids in which compound 1 is a new eudesmane sesquiterpenoid and compound 7 was a monoterpenoid. Compounds 8-13 were diarylheptanoids, and compounds 2-6 and 14 were isolated from A.oxyphylla for the first time. The experiments on H₂O₂ induced SH-SY5Y cells showed that compounds 2, 6, 7, 12 and 13 had neuroprotective effects at low and medium concentrations. In particular, compound 6 showed obvious neuroprotective effect at low, medium and high concentrations whose cell viability was higher than that of the positive control.

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of urotensin II (UII) on the lung of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) with congenital heart disease and investigate the meaning of this phenomenon.

METHODThirty eight patients with CHD were divided into three groups according to pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) measured in cardiac catheterization and surgery: normal pulmonary pressure group (N group, PASP < 30 mm Hg, n = 10), mild PH group (M group, PASP ≥ 30 mm Hg, n = 15), severe or moderate PH group (S group, PASP ≥ 50 mm Hg, n = 13). The expression of UII protein and UII mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were measured separately by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis and in situ hybridization (ISH) analysis.

RESULT(1) The results of UIIIHC staining: The UII protein expression of group M was higher than that of group N (20.22 ± 3.58 vs. 14.34 ± 2.18, P < 0.01), but less than group S (20.22 ± 3.58 vs. 28.92 ± 3.22, P < 0.05). (2) The results of UIIISH mRNA staining were similar to IHC staining, the A value of group M was higher than group N (12.51 ± 2.02 vs. 8.85 ± 1.41, P < 0.05), less than that of group S(12.51 ± 2.02 vs. 25.35 ± 4.33, P < 0.01). (3) Correlation study: there was a positive correlation between the A values of UIIIHC and pulmonary hypertension (r = 0.64, P < 0.01, n = 38), a positive correlation between the A values of UIIISH and pulmonary hypertension (r = 0.58, P < 0.01, n = 38).

CONCLUSIONThere was the expression of Urotensin II protein and mRNA in the lung of pulmonary hypertension patients with congenital heart disease, and these expression may involve the formation of pulmonary hypertension of congenital heart disease.

Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; complications ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; etiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Infant ; Lung ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Severity of Illness Index ; Urotensins ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To study the expression of plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in children with acute phase Kawasaki disease (KD), and investigate its value for early prediction of coronary artery lesions in KD. Methods Totally 80 children with KD were collected. Children were divided into four groups by the results of echocardiogram of coronary artery in different periods: CAL1 group (children with coronary artery lesions (CAL+) both in acute and sub-acute phase, 8 cases), CAL2 group (children with CAL+in acute phase but recovery normal (CAL-) in sub-acute phase, 10 cases), NCAL1 group (children with CAL-in acute phase but occur CAL+ in sub-acute phase, 10 cases) and NCAL2 group (children with CAL- both in acute and sub-acute phase, 52 cases). The serum samples (before the use of intravenous immunoglobulin) were collected in acute phase. Twenty healthy controls and twenty fever controls were enrolled into the study, and their serum samples were collected. OxLDL was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). They were compared using ANOVA, pairwise comparison LSD-t test. And ROC curve analysis was used to determine the threshold. Results Compared with the control groups,plasma oxLDL levels were higher in children with KD, both CA+and CAL-[(15.0±3.3) mU/L, (12.3±3.5) mU/L vs (9.2±2.2) mU/L, (8.0±2.3) mU/L, F=20.435, P<0.05]. Plasma oxLDL levels were increased more significantly in children with CAL+ than children with CAL- in KD [(15.0 ±3.3) mU/L vs (12.3 ±3.5) mU/L, t=2.28, P=0.002]. There was significant difference in the concentration of oxLDL between the groups of Kawasaki disease (F=5.068, P=0.003). Plasma oxLDL levels were significantly higher in the NCAL1 group than those in the NCAL2 group [(14.5 ±3.8) mU/L vs (11.9±3.3) mU/L, t=2.29, P=0.02], but there were no statistically significant difference between the NCAL1 group and CAL1 or CAL2 group [(14.5±3.8) mU/L vs (15.9±3.9) mU/L, (14.5±3.8) mU/L vs (14.2±2.7) mU/L, t=0.73, 0.20;P=0.41, 0.84]. ROCs analysis indicated that oxLDL≥13.83 mU/L, could be the threshold for the prediction of coronary artery lesions with the sensitivity of 0.607 and a specificity of 0.75. Conclusion OxLDL plays an important role in coronary artery lesions in KD. The coronary endothelial dysfunction is earlier than coronary dilatation, and oxLDL is expected to become a reliable early predictor of coronary artery lesions in KD.

OBJECTIVEPrevious studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays key roles in a number of biological processes, including vasorelaxation, inflammation, apoptosis, ischemia/reperfusion and oxidative stress, which are involved in the pathogenesis of myocarditis. This study aimed to examine the expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase(CSE)/H2S pathway in mice with viral myocarditis.

METHODSSix-week-old inbred male mice were randomly assigned to control (n=25) and myocarditis group (n=30). The myocarditis and the control groups were inoculated intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL 10-5.69TCID50/mL CVB3 or vehicle (PBS) alone respectively. Ten mice were sacrificed 4 and 10 days after injection. Blood and heart specimens were harvested for measuring the content of serum H2S and the H2S production rates in cardiac tissues. Heart sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemisty was used to detect the CSE protein expression in the heart.

RESULTSIn the myocarditis group, the serum H2S content and H2S production rates in cardiac tissues were significantly higher than those in the control group 4 and 10 days after injection (P<0.05). The expression of CSE protein in the heart in the myocarditis group was also significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCSE and its downstream production H2S increase in mice with acute viral myocarditis. The increased expression of CSE/H2S pathway might be involved in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis.

Animals ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; etiology ; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase ; analysis ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; metabolism ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; metabolism ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis ; etiology

Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic value of magnetic resonance tomographic angiography (MRTA) on cranial neurovascular compression syndrome,and evaluate the ability of 3D-FIESTA and 3D-TOF-SPGR sequences in demonstrating the relation of three-dimensional space between cranial nerves and blood vessels.Methods The data of 41 patients with cranial neurovascular compression syndrome,admitted to our hospital from May 2007 to May 2009,were analyzed.These patients were planed to perform micro vasular decompression (MVD).Before the operation,MRTA,3D-FIESTA and 3D-TOF-SPGR sequence scanning were performed to observe the relation of three-dimensional space between cranial nerves and blood vessels;these results were compared with the intraoperative results to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of 3D-FIESTA and 3D-TOF-SPGR sequence scanning.Results MRTA could demonstrate such cranial nerves as trigeminal nerve,facial nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve,and responsible blood vessels clearly and simultaneously.The 3D-FIESTA imaging showed high signal in the cerebrospinal fluid and moderate signal in the nerves and blood vessels.The 3D-TOF-SPGR imaging showed low signal in the cerebrospinai fluid,moderate signal in the nerves and brain parenchyma,and high signal in the blood vessels.Closed relation between the nerves and the blood vessels in the lesion side were found in 34 patients (82.9%) by 3D-FIESTA sequence scanning,and that was found in 35 patients by 3D-TOF-SPGR sequence scanning; no significant difference between 3D-FIESTA and 3D-TOF-SPGR sequence scanning was found in displaying the relation of nerves and blood vessels (P>0.05).Conclusion MRTA technology may clearly show the relation of cranial nerves and responsible blood vessels;combined application of 3D-FIESTA and 3D-TOF-SPGR sequence scanning can help making the preoperative diagnosis and determining the surgical indications in patients with cranial neurovaseular compression syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of carvedilol on the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Fas in autoimmune myocarditis (AM).

METHODSA total of 60 inbred male BALB/C mice 4 - 5 weeks of age were divided at random into 3 groups as follows: AM group (n = 20), carvedilol group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). The mice were sacrificed after gathering blood specimens by taking out the eyeballs and hearts tissue. The histological and ultrastructural changes were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTn I) were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to analyze the contents of Bcl-2, Bax and Fas, TUNEL to detect the apoptotic index in myocardial cells.

RESULTSThere were large number of lymphocyte and monocyte infiltrates under light microscope and karyopyknosis and chromatin gathered along the nuclear membrane under electron microscope in AM group. There were no inflammations and chromatin gathering in group C. Compared with control group, the Bcl-2, Bax and Fas protein expression significantly elevated in AM group (23.48 ± 2.24 vs. 6.64 ± 1.60, 26.15 ± 2.02 vs. 5.09 ± 0.85, 21.22 ± 3.62 vs. 5.86 ± 1.37, P < 0.01). The histopathologic scores (2.60 ± 0.31 vs. 2.02 ± 0.26, P < 0.05) and karyopyknosis of carvedilol group decreased as compared with AM group. The Bcl-2, Bax and Fas protein expression (17.13 ± 1.94 vs. 23.48 ± 2.24, 17.66 ± 2.62 vs. 26.15 ± 2.02, 16.79 ± 2.83 vs. 21.22 ± 3.62, P < 0.05), AI [(16.61 ± 4.67)% vs. (24.51 ± 4.70)%, P < 0.05] and contents of cTnI [(1.878 ± 0.48) ng/ml vs. (1.102 ± 0.23) ng/ml, P < 0.05] also decreased in carvedilol group compared with AM group.

CONCLUSIONCarvedilol could protect against AM by alleviating cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Autoimmune Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carbazoles ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Propanolamines ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

The aim of this study was to explore cytogenetic characteristics of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and compare the interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) with conventional cytogenetic (CC) analysis. A total number of 157 APL patients were recruited in this study, and the I-FISH and CC were applied to analyze cytogenetic features. Chromosome samples of bone marrow cells were prepared by short-term culture. Out of all 157 cases, 136 were observed with CC assay, 66 with I-FISH, of which 45 samples were analyzed with both methods. The results showed that among all 136 CC samples, t(15;17)(q22;q21) was found in 120 cases, of which 107 cases was isolated t(15;17)(q22;q21) abnormality, 13 cases was complex abnormalities and 12 case without mitotic figure. Among all 66 cases of I-FISH group, PMI/RARα fusion gene was found in 64 cases (97.0%), suggesting that I-FISH group was more sensitive than CC group (p = 0.041). It is concluded that combination of I-FISH and CC techniques plays a pivotal role for diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease in APL.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Infant ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the state of endemic flurosis in Qinghai province in 2008 and to provide scientific basis for endemic flurosis control and prevention. Methods All the endemic fluorosis villages in Qinghai province was divided into slight,medium and heavy degree according to the water fluoride content before improving water,and 2,4,4 villages were collected from each degree,respectively. Water samples were collected from each direction of east,west,south,north and centre,and fluoride concentration were determined from each surveyed villages with unimproved-water. At the same time,3 copies of the peripheral water samples and a sample of source water were collected to determine fluoride concentration. In all the village children aged 8 to 12 were tested for dental fluorosis by Dean method. Six copies of the urinary fluoride were randomly sampled in different age groups. The fluorine content in urine was determined with F-ion selective electrode. The situation of clinical skeletal fluorosis of adults over 16 years of age was examined,and 20 adults in the villages of medium and heavy levels were filmed for skeletal fluorosis. Results The detectable rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 years old was 43.59% (245/562),that of skeletal flurosis of adults aged above 16 years was 50.32% (1582/3144) and detectable rate of X-ray was 29.45% (48/163). Fluoride content in urine was 1.52 mg/L. Conclusions Endemic fluorosis is still very serious in Qiaghai province in a rising trend,so the control measures need to be strengthen.

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the effects of astilbin on the expressions of TNF alpha and IL-10 during liver warm ischemia-reperfusion injury.

METHODSC57BL/ 6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8): sham-operated group (Sham), model control group(I/R), low dosage of astilbin treatment group (10 mg/kg) and high dosage of astilbin (40 mg/kg) treatment group. The treatment group mice were intraperitoneally injected with 10 or 40 mg/kg astilbin 24 hours and one hour before Ischemia, the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion model were thus established. After jn90 of min ischemia and 6 h reperfusion of the partial hepatic lobe, the expressions of TNF alpha and IL-10 in liver tissues collected from the experimental groups were detected by Western blot and semiquantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe expression of TNF alpha protein in liver tissues gradually decreased in treatment groups (low and high dosages of astilbin treatment groups) as compared to the I/R model control group. Similar results were observed in the mRNA expressions of these genes as determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR (P less than 0.05 for low dosage group; P less than 0.01 for high dosage group). Compared with the I/R model control group, the expression of IL-10 was increased in both treatment groups (low dosage group P less than 0.05; large dosage group P less than 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTreatment with astilbin decreases TNF alpha expression but induces IL-10 expression in liver during warm ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Animals ; Flavonols ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Warm Ischemia