Objective To evaluate the value of sonourethrography in the diagnosis of dysuria after bipolar transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy. Methods Sixty male patients with dysuria after bipolar transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy underwent sonourethrography and re-operation.The clinical data of these patients were reviewed. Results The sonourethrographic findings were similar with the operative findings in 57 cases.In the 60 cases,there were 11 cases with bladder neck closure,10 cases with bladder neck stricture,30 cases with urethral stricture (16 located at membranous urethra,12 located at pars cavernosa urethra and 2 in external orifice of urethra),5 cases with prostate remnant,1 case with calculi in prostatic urethra,2 cases with dysfunction of detrusor of bladder and 1 case with flap of internal urethral orifice,Conclusions Sonourethrography could be a reliable diagnostic method for dysuria after bipolar transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy.It may be helpful for clinical treatment.

Objective To discuss the clinical application of different particle size of grain fat sieved by the homogenizing fat extractor.Methods A lot of 68 patients in this group were women,and the average age was 28 years.With the aid of tumescent technique,anterior and lateral thigh fat granules were extracted using liposuction needle;after the homogenizing fat extractor and sieve purification,fat particles were obtained with uniform particle size and no fibrous tissue for different sizes of 2.00 mm,0.90 mm,0.50 mm and 0.28 mm,respectively.After choosing corresponding diameter of fat transplantation needle and appropriate injection level according to fat particle size,the multiple spot and multiple track tunnels,multi-level injection for the facial soft tissue deficiency or cavity were then carried out.With long-term postoperative follow-up,evaluation of different grades were given for the complication,fat survival rate and satisfaction.Results The results were followed up for 3-12 months postoperatively;as responding,the facial appearance of graft field deformity or deficiency was significantly improved and the skin of the recipient area was soft;wrinkles was relieved,and so that they appeared young plump well-pleasing appearance.And there were no complications,such as infection,hematoma,fat liquefaction,pigmentation,induration and so on.Satisfactory results were obtained.Conclusions The treatment of facial soft tissue deficiency or deficiency,by choosing corresponding diameter of fat transplantation needle and appropriate injection level according to the differences of fat particle size sieved by the homogenizing fat extractor,can acheive a high fat survival rate,and stable long-term effect.Thus,this safe and ideal method for rejuvenation of facial treatment is worth promoting.

OBJECTIVE: To objectively evaluate the voice rehabilitation status in different period after treatment of Tis--T1 glottic carcinoma by CO2 laser with voice parameters. METHOD: A retrospective review of 41 cases with Tis--T1 glottic carcinoma treated by CO2 laser was performed, 23 cases were stage Tis (Tis group) and 18 cases with stage T1N0M0 (T1 group). The range of excision of the lesion by CO2 laser was according to the different stages of the tumor, and ensured theoperation negative margin was by intraoperative frozen pathological examination. We tested and compared the actual voice (coritaine F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NNE and MPT) of 30 cases of healthy middle-aged and old male(normal group) and all the patients at one day prior to operation, three months, six months and one year after operation respectively, which was to evaluate the voice rehabilitation status in different period after operation objectively. RESULT: Postoperative pathological examination revealed, 23 cases were squamous epithelium severe atypical hyperplasia, 16 cases were well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and 2 cases were moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Palatoglossal arch mucosal tear occurred in 3 patients. Respiratory difficulties were not seen in all cases, and normal oral feeding was obtained in all cases in postoperative three days. All patients were followed up for one year. There was statistical significance in F0, Jitter, Shimmer of both Tis group and T1 group after operation in different periods(P<0.05). But there was no statistical significance in NNE and MPT between six months and one years after operation in the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION CO2 laser surgery is an effective treatment for early glottic carcinoma. Postoperative vocal function was improved in varying degrees, and voice quality gradually improved with the rehabilitation time. Partly objective parameters reflecting the vocal function gradually stabilized after half a year after operation.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; complications ; therapy ; Glottis ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; complications ; therapy ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Gas ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Voice Quality

A series of new coumarin-based benzotriazole derivatives were successfully synthesized via a multi-step sequence of cyclization, etherification and N-alkylation, and were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR, MS spectra as well as elemental analyses. All these synthesized coumarin compounds were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activities against four Gram-positive bacteria, four Gram-negative bacteria and three fungi by two fold serial dilution technique. The bioactive assay showed that all these prepared coumarin benzotriazoles could inhibit the growth of the tested bacterial and fungal strains. Title compounds 11a-11e and 13a-13c were more active than chloromycin on Proteus vulgaris ATCC 6896. Coumarin benzotriazoles 11a and 11b displayed comparable antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Micrococcus luteus ATCC 4698 in comparison with reference drug chloromycin. Compared to fluconazole, compounds 11a-11d displayed stronger inhibition on Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 96918. Moreover, coumarin-based benzotriazoles in combination with antibacterial chloromycin or antifungal fluconazole, showed notable antimicrobial efficacy with less dosage and broader antimicrobial spectrum. More importantly, fluconazole-insensitive A. fumigatus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus N 315 (MRSA) were sensitive to these combined drugs.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; drug effects ; Chloramphenicol ; pharmacology ; Coumarins ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Fluconazole ; pharmacology ; Fungi ; drug effects ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; drug effects ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Triazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Hemophilia B (HB) is a recessive X-linked inherited disorder, the pathogenesis of HB is deficiency or functional abnormalities of coagulation factor IX, which is caused by F9 gene mutations. To explore the mechanism of its molecular pathology, 40 patients with HB were studied with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. The diagnosis of HB patients were based on clinical manifestation and deficient factor IX activity in plasma. DNA was routinely extracted from peripheral blood cells of the patients and their relatives, all the 8 exons and their flanking boundaries were amplified by PCR, and the PCR products were screened by direct sequencing. Mutations which were found in study need to exclude polymorphism. The results showed that 34 mutations were confirmed in 40 HB patients, including 6 nonsense mutations, 24 missense mutations, 2 splice site mutations and 2 frame mutations for 1 or 2 nucleotide insertion. After retrieved, 4 missense mutations and 1 frameshift mutation were found for the first time. Among the 34 mutations, 2 mutations in signal peptide, 7 mutations in propeptide and gla domain, 7 mutations in epidermal growth factor-like domain, 3 mutations in activation domain, 15 mutations in serine protease or catalytic domain. It is concluded that gene analysis can directly explain molecular mechanism of hemophilia B and also provides the foundation for further studies to the function of coagulation factor IX. There is obvious heterogeneity in F9 gene mutation and missense mutation is still the main way of mutation, which are closely related to clinical features. DNA sequencing and linkage analysis are efficient methods for HB carriers and prenatal gene diagnosis.
Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Factor IX ; genetics ; Hemophilia B ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Male

This study was aimed to investigate the c-kit mutation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with AML1-ETO and analyze its relation with clinical and laboratorial features and prognosis. PCR and sequencing methods were used to detect the c-kit 17 exon mutations in 31 AML patients with AML1-ETO. The relation of the c-kit mutation with clinical features, results of laboratorial examination and prognosis of disease were analyzed. The results showed that the c-kit mutation was found in 14 out of 31 AML patients and the mutation frequency was 45.16%. Male patients had a higher incidence of c-kit mutation than that of female patients (P = 0.020). The proportion of patients with newly diagnosed white blood cell>10×10(9)/L and with extramedullary infiltration in mutated group were higher than those in unmutated group respectively. No significant difference was observed at the age (P = 0.437) and the rate of bone marrow blasts(P = 0.510) between the above mentioned two groups. The difference in complete remission rate (64.29% vs 80%, P = 0.344)and relapse rate (58.33% vs 21.43%, P = 0.054) between c-kit mutated and c-kit unmutated groups were not significant. While the c-kit mutated group had a significant higher death rate as compared with c-kit unmutated group (57.14% vs 20%, P = 0.039). It is concluded that the c-kit mutation is frequent in AML patients with AML1-ETO and the c-kit mutated patients have a poor prognosis. It is important to detect c-kit mutation in routine clinical practice for patient's risk stratification, evaluation of prognosis and selection of effective treatment.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the influence of uncinate process on air flow velocity, trace, distribution, air pressure, as well as the air flow exchange of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

METHODSFluent software was used to simulate two nasal cavity and paranasal sinus structures following CT scanning, one had normal nasal cavity, the another had the nasal cavity with uncinate process removed. Air flow velocity, pressure, distribution and trace lines were calculated and compared by Navier-Stokes equation and numerically visualized between two models.

RESULTSAir flow of two models in the common and middle meatus accounted for more than 50% and 30% of total nasal cavity flow. Flow velocity of two models were maximal in the common meatus, followed by the middle meatus. The maximal velocity existed on the left nasal district between limen nasi and head of inferior turbinate. The flow traces of two models were similar. In the normal model, the air flow velocity of the district around uncinate process was almost the same in inhale and exhale. In the model with the uncinate process removed, the air flow velocity of the district around uncinate process was faster, the air flow velocity in expiratory phase was quicker. Compared with the normal nasal cavity, there was more exchange of maxillary sinus in the model with cut uncinate process.

CONCLUSIONSIn the view of flow dynamics, the uncinate process effects the air flow velocity of the district around uncinate process and the exchange of maxillary sinus, the contribution of nasal flow is connected with the morphosis of the uncinate process.

Adult ; Computer Simulation ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Maxillary Sinus ; physiology ; Models, Anatomic ; Nasal Cavity ; diagnostic imaging ; physiology ; Respiratory Mechanics ; Software ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

OBJECTIVETo study the airflow velocity, trace, distribution, pressure, as well as the airflow exchange between the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in a computer simulation of nasal cavity pre and post virtual endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

METHODSComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique was applied to construct an anatomically and proportionally accurate three-dimensional nasal model based on a healthy adult woman's nasal CT scans. A virtual ESS intervention was performed numerically on the normal nasal model using Fluent 6.1.22 software. Navier-Stokes and continuity equations were used to calculate and compare the airflow characteristics between pre and post ESS models.

RESULTS(1) After ESS flux in the common meatus decreased significantly. Flux in the middle meatus and the connected area of opened ethmoid sinus increased by 10% during stable inhalation and by 9% during exhalation. (2) Airflow velocity in the nasal sinus complex increased significantly after ESS. (3) After ESS airflow trace was significantly changed in the middle meatus. Wide-ranging vortices formed at the maxillary sinus, the connected area of ethmoid sinus and the sphenoid sinus. (4) Total nasal cavity resistance was decreased after ESS. (5) After ESS airflow exchange increased in the nasal sinuses, most markedly in the maxillary sinus.

CONCLUSIONSAfter ESS airflow velocity, flux and trace were altered. Airflow exchange increased in each nasal sinus, especially in the maxillary sinus.

Computer Simulation ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Hydrodynamics ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo look into the serological characteristics of a hepatitis E outbreak.

METHODSSera from the first five patients with acute icteric hepatitis who developed the disease successively within ten days and the 1,675 employees routinely having their lunch in a dining hall of a department (outbreak population) were examined for anti.HEV IgM and IgG at 26th days after the outbreak, and the 883 employees of a neighboring department not having their lunch in the hall were selected as control (control population).

RESULTSThe five patients were all positive for anti-HEV IgM and IgG. The positive rates of anti-HEV IgM and IgG in outbreak population were 8.7% and 38.4% respectively, both significantly higher than those in control population which were only 0.1% and 28.6%. The numbers with abnormal ALT in the 145 individuals with anti-HEV IgM(+) of outbreak population were significantly higher than those in the IgM(-) individuals of the same group as well as in control, while the abnormal ALT ratio in the IgM(-) individuals of the outbreak was not higher than that in control. The results from the four patients' serial sera showed that the anti-HEV IgM titers declined gradually and were undetectable at about 4th month after infection, and the IgG titers increased to peak in about 2-3 months after infection, then declined very slowly. The mean IgG titer of the anti-HEV IgM(+) individuals was significantly higher than that of the IgM(-) but IgG(+) individuals in outbreak population, and the latter was significantly higher than the IgG(+) individuals in control, which suggested that the post-infection individuals' immunities to HEV were boosted during the outbreak. There was no difference between sex or age groups for the anti-HEV IgM(+) ratio, but the abnormal ALT was much more frequent in the anti-HEV IgM(+) male than in the female, and no difference was observed between age groups.

CONCLUSIONThe pathogen of the outbreak of acute icteric hepatitis was hepatitis E virus and associated with food intake. Anti-HEV IgM and IgG were used not only for diagnosis of hepatitis E but also for surveilance in mass population. The attack risk was not associated with age or sex, but the abnormal ALT was much more frequent fresh infectors in male.

Adult ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis E ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis E virus ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seroepidemiologic Studies

Objective To develop a rapid test for the detection of F1 antigen of Yersinia Pestis based on gold-immunochromatography.Methods F1 antibodies were coupled with colloidal gold to prepare collidal gold reagent,which was used to detect F1 antibodies based on double antigen sandwich.The collidal gold reagent was estimated for its sensitivity specificity and stablity in labs and 1798 samples were detected in 17 surveillance spots.Results The reagent was sensitive to 0.0010 g/L F1 antigens.The reagens kept stable when it had been placed at 4℃ or room-temperature for 12 months and did not react to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterolitica.In 17 surveillance labs the reagent was used to test 1798 viscera samples from animal.resulting an accordance rate of 97.11%(1746/1798)to bacterial culture and 96.83%(1741/1798)accordance to reverse indirect hemagglutination assay(RIHA),showing a higher detection rate[9.23%(166/1798)]compared with RIHA[6.79%(122/1798)]and bacterial culture[6.28%(113/1798)].Conclusions The collidal gold reagent,sensitive and specific in diagnosing Yersinia pestis infection of both human and animals,is a rapid method in surveillance spot.