0.05).Conclusions Serum DAO can be used as a sensitive marker to early diagnose gastrointestinal dysfunction in critical neonates.Serum D-lactate will be of high specific clinical significance in diagnosis,the change of D-lactate may have relations to the features of intestinal microflora in early neonates.

Objective To explore the influence of Azithromycin on helper T lymphocyte cell(Th)1/Th2 in peripheral blood of children with bronchitic asthma.Methods Twenty-four asthmatic children and 20 healthy children were selected.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from venous blood and made into cells suspension in aseptic condition.0.2 mg/L,0.1 mg/L,0.05 mg/L and 0 mg/L Azithromycin were added into the cultures in asthmatic group.The control group was not interfered with Azithromycin.The supernatant was collected after 48 h.The levels of IFN-?,IL-4 and IL-10 in the supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosobent assay(ELISA).SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze data.Results 1.The level of IL-4 produced from PBMC of asthmatic group was significantly higher than that of control group(P0.05).2.Azithromycin 0.1 mg/L more promoted the secretion of IL-4 than the other 3 concentrations(Pa0.05).3.Azithromycin 0.2 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L more increased the level of IL-10 than the control group(P0.05).Conclusions The routine drug level of Azithromycin(0.1 mg/L) had no effects on the imbalance of Th1/Th2 of asthmatic children,but could modulate the immunological function by up-regulating the level of IL-10.

Objective To study the correlation between pulse pressure(PP) and cardiovascular structure and function in aged patients with essential hypertension. Methods Forty-eight aged patients with essential hypertension were enrolled into the study and divided into the following two groups by the mean value of PP: PP

The postpartum depression outcome and the effect of psychological intervention were studied in order to reduce the occurrence and development of the postpartum depression. A survey of 4000 women within 4-6 weeks postpartum in 80 communities in Shenzhen, China was performed using random cluster sampling method. By employing Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening tool, the positive women (defined as EPDS ≥10) were randomly divided into intervention group and control group at a ratio of 1:2. The women in the intervention group were treated by means of mailing postpartum depression prevention and treatment knowledge manual, face-to-face counseling, and telephone psychological counseling interventions aiming at individual risk factors, while those in the control group were treated with conventional methods. EPDS scores were assessed in these two groups again at 6th month postpartum. Totally, 3907 valid questionnaires were obtained. All the 771 positive women were divided into two groups: 257 in the intervention group, and 514 in the control group. At 6th month postpartum, the EPDS scores in the intervention group were decreased significantly, from baseline stage (12.84±3.02) to end stage (3.05±2.93), while EPDS scores in the control group were reduced from 12.44±2.78 to 6.94±4.02. There were significant differences in the EPDS scores at end stage between the two groups (t=13.059, P<0.001). Psychological intervention can reduce postpartum depression, with better maternal compliance. It is feasible and necessary to establish postpartum depression screening and psychological intervention model in community-hospital and include the postpartum depression screening, intervention, and follow-up into the conventional healthcare.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease and its involvement area in colon is influenced by a complex network of gene interactions.We analyzed the weighted gene co-expression networks in microarray dataset from colonic mucosa of patients with UC and identified one gene co-expression module that was highly associated with the progression of involved area in UC colon (Pearson coefficient=0.81,P＜0.0001).In total,523 hub genes in this module were found to be involved in immune system process after enrichment analysis in Gene Ontology.By the STRING and Cytoscape analysis,we observed that interleukin-8 (IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were centered in the network of hub genes.We then detected the expression of IL-8 and MMP-9 in mucosa from left-sided colon of patients using quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay respectively.Both quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay revealed the expression levels of IL-8 and MMP-9 were significantly different among the healthy controls,left-sided colitis group and pancolitis group (P＜0.05).IL-8 and MMP-9 were detected with an enhanced expression in pancolitis as compared with left-sided colitis and healthy controls,respectively (P＜0.05).This study demonstrates that immune system process is indispensable in the progression of disease in colon,and identifies that IL-8 and MMP-9 play potential critical roles for the progression.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of Yuantong Capsule (YTC) in treating vascular dementia (VD).

METHODSEighty-three patients of VD were randomized on ratio of 2:1 into two groups, the 54 patients in the treated group were treated with YTC orally administered, 3 times a day, 1 capsule in each time. The remaining 29 patients in the control group were treated with Hydergine orally, 3 times a day, 2 mg in each time. The therapeutic course for both groups was 2 months.

RESULTSThe therapeutic effect in the treated group was significantly better than that in the control group, significant difference (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) was shown in comparison of the two groups in terms of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and activity of daily living (ADL) test, symptoms scoring, total effective rate, and laboratory indexes findings.

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic effect of YTC in treating VD was obvious.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Capsules ; Dementia, Vascular ; drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Ergoloid Mesylates ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nootropic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy

OBJECTIVETo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of male infertility.

METHODSBased on the principles and methods of Cochrane systematic reviews, we searched CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases from inception to December 2012 for randomized controlled clinical trials addressing the treatment of male infertility with kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and retrieval strategies, we extracted the data, evaluated the quality of the included literature, and conducted meta-analysis using the RevMan 5. 2 software.

RESULTSTwenty trials involving 2,272 patients were included, and the sample size of each study was from 60 to 270 cases. All the studies were graded as of poor quality, with Jadad scores of no more than 3 points. The results of meta-analysis showed that the total effectiveness rate of traditional Chinese medicine versus Western medicine on male infertility was RR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.19-2.47, and that of Chinese-Western combined therapy versus Western medicine was RR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.30. Both traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese-Western combined therapy showed a significantly better total effectiveness than Western medicine alone in improving the pregnancy rate without serious adverse reactions.

CONCLUSIONDue to the poor methodological quality and high heterogeneity of the included studies, the evidence for the efficacy and safety of kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese drugs in the treatment of male infertility is of but limited value, and further validation is needed by more high-quality studies.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; Kidney ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pregnancy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Objective To investigate the causes,consequences and management of injuries to the draining veins after embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations(BAVMs)with ?-n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA).Methods The angiographic imaging data of 189 BAVMs patients who underwent NBCA embolization were studied retrospectively.The status of the draining veins before and after NBCA embolization was observed and compared.The intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)complications and their relation to their angiographic features were analyzed.Results Twenty-three patients out of 189 patients showed injuries to the draining venous system,including 10 low-grade injury,6 moderate injury,and 7 high- grade injury.Six patients suffered from ICH after embolization,of whom 4 patients were due to injuries of the draining veins(2 moderate and 2 high-grade).In the 3 months follow-up evaluation of 4 patients with ICH, one died,one was in vegetative state,and the other two patients suffered from residual severe or minor (1 patient for each)permanent neurological deficits.Conclusion Our findings suggest that injury of the draining veins is the major cause of ICH and may lead to serious consequences after embolization of BAVMs with NBCA.

Background Angiogenesis is an essential event for the growth and mobility of malignant tumors,but there is little literature about the effects of anoxia and angiogenesis-related factors on angiogenesis in choroidal melanoma.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of angiogeneic factors such as hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in choroidal melanoma and their clinical significance.Methods The specimens from 44 cases of choroidal melanoma and 16 cases of eyelid nevi identified by pathology were collected.Immunohistochemistry SP was used to examine the expression of HIF-1α,iNOS,COX-2 and VEGF in the samples.The expression of HIF-1 α,iNOS,COX-2 and VEGF in tumors with different sizes,different pathological types and different growth patterns was evaluated.The correlations among these four proteins in tumor growth and development were assessed.Results The expression of HIF-1α,iNOS,COX-2 and VEGF in choroidal melanoma were significantly higher than those in the eyelid nevi group(x2 =6.58,4.105,8.350,13.240,P＜0.05).The expression of VEGF was associated with tumor size(x2 =9.389,P＜0.05),but not associated with pathological types(x2 =1.186,P＞0.05)and infiltration depth(x2 =5.398,P＞ 0.05).The expression of HIF-1α was associated with tumor size(x2=8.664,P＜0.05)and pathological type(x2=6.622,P ＜ 0.05),but not associated with infiltration depth(x2=4.914,P＞0.05).The expression of iNOS was associated with tumor size(x2 =8.609,P＜0.05),but was not associated withpathological type(x2 =4.789,P＞0.05)and infiltration depth(x2 =4.309,P＞0.05).The expression of COX-2 was associated with tumor size(x2 =7.320,P＜0.05),but was not associated with pathological type(x2 =2.772,P＞0.05)and infiltration depth(x2 =2.103,P＞0.05).The expression of HIF-1 α,iNOS,and COX-2 were significantly correlated with the expression of VEGF(r =0.943,1.000,0.986,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of COX-2 was significantly correlated with the expression of iNOS(r =0.986,P＜0.05).The expression of HIF-1 α was significantly associated with the expression of COX-2(r=0.986,P＜O.05).The expression of HIF-1α was significantly associated with the expression of iNOS(r=0.943,P＜0.05).Conclusions The expressions of the HIF-1 α,iNOS,COX-2 and VEGF protein are up-regulated in choroidal melanoma.They may play important roles in the angiogenesis of the choroidal melanoma.Assessment of the expression of HIF-1α,iNOS and COX-2 may be useful for the diagnosis and therapy of choroidal melanoma.

Objective To observe the protection and distribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by distinct intravenous infusion time on renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats.Methods We used unilateral nephrectomy and contralateral vascular occlusion method to establish renal IRI model in rats.The experimental groups which received 2 × 106 MSCs infusion through the tail vein,were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups:2 h pre-reperfusion (PreOp,n =16),immediately after reperfusion (Op,n =16),6 h post-reperfusion (PostOp,n - 16).The control groups included sham operation group (n =16) and ischemia group (n =16).Chemotaxis of DAPI-labeled MSCs was detected 6 h after administration in the IR kidney.Renal function was detected at 6,24,and 48 h respectively after operation. Forty eight h after operation,the renal tissues were harvested to observe the pathological changes by HE staining and the tubular epithelial cell apoptosis via TUNEL assay.Results MSCs were found in the experimental groups after IR in the kidney,most in PostOp group.Twenty-four and 48 h after reperfusion,there was no significant difference in Cr and BUN between the experimental groups and sham operation group (P＞0.05),but the levels of Cr and BUN in the experimental groups were significantly lower than in the IR group (P＜ 0.05). As compared with IR group,the renal pathological injury was alleviated,the number of apoptotic cells was decreased in the experimental group,most significantly in PostOp group (P＜0.05).Conclusion MSCs can reduce the inflammatory response and inhibit renal tubular cell apoptosis in rat renal IRI.Post-reperfusion administration of MSCs leads to the best chemotaxis efficiency and protection.