Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endometriosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Spinal Canal ; pathology ; surgery ; Spinal Diseases ; pathology ; surgery

BACKGROUND: Digit amputation coupled with neighboring composite skin loss frequently occurs. Conventional treatment for this lesion is somewhat less desirable in that it either results in shortened or lost fingers as well as delayed skin resurfacing. Therefore, the curative effect is not satisfactory.OBJECTIVE: To observe free forearm venous flap for soft-tissue reconstruction in digit amputation accompanied with neighboring soft tissue loss and postoperative rehabilitation and its effect on functional recovery.DESIGN: Before-and-after controlled observational trial based on the patients.SETTING: Department of orthopedics of a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 11 patients, 8 males and 3 females aged 20 to 45years, who were treated between October 2000 and May 2004 in the Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,for digit amputations accompanied with composite skin flaps avulsed in dorsal fingers or hand, were recruited.METHODS: Eleven free venous flaps measuring 1. 5 cm × 1.0 cm to 5 cm × 6. 5 cm from anteromedial ipsilateral forearms were elevated and transferred to the defected sites either antegradely or retrogradely with respect to the nature of the defects. Microvascular anastomosis was performed at both ends of the flaps to the wounds in an end-to-end fashion. Digit replantations in 13 digits were performed simultaneously at one stage. The donor sites were closed primarily by direct suturing or skin grafting. After operation, early rehabilitation was initiated under professional guidance.RESULTS: Complete healing was achieved in 9 out of 11 venous flaps and 12 out of 13 replanted digits. After one-year follow-up, finger motion function in seven cases was satisfactory; however, all the flaps presented diminished sensation.CONCLUSION: The free venous flap from anteromedial forearm is an alternative flap for soft-tissue reconstruction in digit amputation. Easy access,ideal thickness, and good pliability are the advantages of the flap whereas limited sensory recovery is the main shortcoming.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was to prepare uniform-sized silybin loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres in study of silybin with stainless steel membrane.

METHODSilybin PLGA microspheres were prepared by stainless steel membrane emulsification. The preparation conditions were optimized by single-factor test and orthogonal experiment, and evaluating the mean diameters, the particle size distribution, drug loading, entrapment efficiency and morphology of microsphere.

RESULTPrepared microspheres were round and surface was smooth. The mean diameter was (4.961 +/- 0.56) microm. The span was (1.75 +/- 0.18). The entrapment efficiency was (54.997 +/- 4.05)% and the average drug loading was (23.6 +/- 1.70)%.

CONCLUSIONThe stainless steel membrane emulsification can be used to prepare the silybin PLGA microspheres. The mean diameters of the silybin PLGA microspheres can be controlled in certain level. Stainless steel membrane emulsification has great potentiality exploitation and utilization.

Drug Compounding ; methods ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Silymarin ; chemistry ; Stainless Steel ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture at Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Danzhong on mammary estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expressions in rats with dimethylbenzanthracine (DMBA)-induced mammary cancer. Methods One hundred and twenty female SD rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomized into a model group of 60 rats and a blank group of 30 rats. The model group received an oral gavage of DMBA for model making. The blank group received an oral gavage of equal volume of sesame oil. At 15 weeks after model making, the model group of rats was randomized into treatment and control groups. The treatment group received acupuncture at Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Danzhong, and the control and blank groups, only the same grasp and release. After the completion of acupuncture treatment (twenty-seventh week), abdominal venous blood was taken and serum tumor markers were determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Tumor masses were counted and their shapes were recorded. The mass was taken and its height, maximum diameter and vertical diameter were measured using a 1 mm precision vernier caliper. Pathological changes in tumor tissues, and ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities were observed under an Olympus optical microscope.Results There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the average number and volume of mammary tumors between the treatment group and the control or blank group (P<0.01,P<0.05) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the concentrations of various tumor markers (CA724, CA125, CA199, AEP, CA15-3, CEA and CA50) between the treatment or control group and the blank group (P<0.01,P<0.05) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in CA15-3 concentration between the treatment and control groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities between the treatment group and the control or blank group (P<0.01) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01).Conclusions Acupuncture can reduce the occurrence of rat DMBA-induced mammary tumor (including the number and volumes of the tumors). The mechanism of its action may be related to decreasing the concentrations of tumor markers CA724, CA125, CA199, CA15-3, AEP, CEA and CA50 and especially to decreasing CA15-3 concentration, and ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities.

Purpose To explore the effects of ploidy analysis on thoracic neoplasms based on DNA image cytometry (DNA-ICM), and to look for a meaningful novel diagnostic assay for tumor patients. Methods 4 402 patients who were diagnosed with thoracic disease were recruited in 2 years. By the DNA-ICM analysis, all the specimens were diagnosed as three types——positive, equivocal and negative ones. The results of701 specimens were compared with biopsy and clinical followup. Results DNA aneuploidy detected by DNA-ICM were65％ in confirmed malignant samples, 64％ in equivocal malignancy, and 8％ in non-malignant diseases. The comprehensive performance of DNA-ICM in malignancy was 73％, 93％, 71％, 94％ respectively for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. OR analysis found that the risk ratio of aneuploidy in malignancy was 23.236 compared to non-malignancy. Conclusion DNA-ICM can be applied in thoracic malignancy and have more potential values to be explored in oncology.

To investigate the production status and the safety influence factors of wolfberry in China. We investigated the detailed factors which affect the quality safe of wolfberry in the periods of July-August 2013 and July-September 2009. The factors include fertilizing patterns, the used pesticide and preliminary process wolfberry. The factors were discussed according to the results of investigation, and suggestions were proposed for the management and production departments of wolfberry.
China ; Fertilizers ; analysis ; Lycium ; chemistry ; growth & development ; microbiology ; parasitology ; Pest Control ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology ; parasitology ; prevention & control

AIMTo investigate effects of melatonin on estrogen receptor at the primary stage of melatonin (MLT) inhibiting the proliferation of 17-beta-estradiol (E2)-induced pituitary prolactin-secreting tumor (prolactinoma) and its mechanisms in the rat.

METHODSMLT inhibiting the proliferation of 17-beta-E2-induced prolactinoma was created by administrating different concentration of melatonin subcutaneously at 18:00 in every group of SD rat in vivo. We also examined the expression of MLT receptor in prolactinoma cells and the effects of MLT on the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) by in situ hybridization and the effects of MLT on the binding of ER to estrogen response element (ERE) by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)in primary culture cells iv vitro.

RESULTSThe results showed that the weights of prolactinomas in MLT groups, in which 0.25 mg or 0.50 mg/day/rat melatonin was administrated subcutaneously at 18:00, were decreased significantly (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). The expression of MLT1a and MLT1b were shown in pituitary prolactinoma cells. Compared with the prolactinoma, the expression of ER and the bind of ER to ERE in prolactinoma treated with 0.25 mg/day/rat or 0.50 mg/day/rat MLT was decreased (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThese data indicate that some dosage of MLT inhibit the development of E2-induced prolactinoma in SD rat. One of the mechanisms is involved in suppressing the expression of estrogen receptor and partly inhibiting the bind of ER to ERE.

Animals ; Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Male ; Melatonin ; pharmacology ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; pathology ; Prolactinoma ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Estrogen ; drug effects ; Response Elements

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical outcome of arthroscopically assisted combined anterior and posterior cruciate ligament (ACL/PCL) reconstructions using Achilles tendon-bone allografts.

METHODSAssociated meniscus injuries were treated according to established methods prior to ligament reconstructions during arthroscopic surgery. Thirty Achilles tendon-bone allografts were used to reconstruct torn ACL and PCL in 15 knees. At postoperative follow-up, all knees were graded using the modified IKDC and the Lysholm scoring systems just as done preoperatively.

RESULTSwere analyzed compared with the contralateral healthy knees. Results: Eleven men and 4 women with a minimum of 3-year follow-up (mean 38 months) were included in the study. Preoperatively, the group ratings by the modified IKDC standards were all severely abnormal. Twelve bicruciate reconstructions were performed in subacute or chronic stage (larger than 3-8 weeks), 3 for acute ligamentous deficiencies (less than or equal to 3 weeks). The noticeable early complication was transitory local fever combined with joint effusion in one case. At postoperative follow-up, 9 knees were normal, 5 nearly normal and 1 abnormal. On Lysholm score the difference was statistically significant (t- test, P less than 0.001) before and after operation.

CONCLUSIONSAchilles tendon-bone allograft offers an alternative for simultaneous arthroscopic ACL/PCL reconstructions. However, further investigation is needed to eradicate its potential immunogenicity for better use.

Achilles Tendon ; transplantation ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo analyze different mutations in regulatory sequence of prolactin (PRL) gene during the formation of 17 beta-estradiol (E2 ) -induced prolactinoma in eutopic and ectopic pituitary of rats.

METHODSMale Sprague-Dawley rats transplanted with an isologaus pituitary under renal capsule were treated with subcutaneous implantation of an empty or E2-laden silastic capsule. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was employed to evaluate the expression of PRL mRNA in pituitary glands, and DNA sequencing was used to analyze the mutation in regulatory sequence of PRL gene.

RESULTSAfter treated with E2 for 120 days, both the eutopic and ectopic pituitaries were three times more heavier than those from control group (P < 0. 01) , and the body weight of rats was decreased to 42. 90% of the control group (P < 0 01 ). The PRL mRNA expressions in glands from the eutopic and ectopic pituitaries 120 days after treated with E2 were much more than those in untreated pituitary glands (P <0. 01). DNA sequencing showed seven mutations in the regulatory sequence of PRL gene in the eutopic pituitaries 120 days after treated with E2 , while the mutation in the ectopic pituitaries was decreased.

CONCLUSIONSProlactinomas can be induced by chronic treatment with E2 in both the eutopic and the ectopic pituitaries transplanted under renal capsule distant from the hypothalamus. Different mechanisms exist in the formation of eutopic and ectopic prolactinomas.

Animals ; Estradiol ; Male ; Mutation ; Pituitary Gland ; transplantation ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; chemically induced ; genetics ; Prolactin ; genetics ; Prolactinoma ; chemically induced ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo study the short-term results of metal on metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) for the treatment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), to explore the indications and technology of this surgery.

METHODSFrom February 2006 to April 2008, 11 patients (15 hips) with ankylosing spondylitis were treated with metal on metal total hip resurfacing arthroplasty. Among them, 9 patients were male, and 2 patients were female, with an average age of 32.5 years (ranged from 16 to 53 years). The comparative study on preoperative and postoperative pain, range of motion, correction of deformity and function evaluation were performed. The preoperative and postoperative Harris scores were compared and the feasibility and technical difficulty were analyzed.

RESULTSTen patients were followed up for an average period of 16.2 months (ranged from 8 to 34 months) and 1 patient was lost. Pain disappeared in 10 patients. There were no heterotopic ossification, no femoral neck fracture, no dislocation, no infection and no revision in all patients. From preoperation to present, the mean flexion angle of hip was improved from preoperative 0 degrees to 75 degrees to postoperative 35 degrees to 105 degrees; the mean abducting angle of hip was improved from preoperative 0 degrees to 30 degrees to postoperative 15 degrees to 55 degrees; and the average Harris hip score improved significantly from (30.9 +/- 3.4) (2-47) to (85.1 +/- 3.1) (46-94). According to evaluation criteria, 10 hips got an excellent result, 3 good and 1 poor.

CONCLUSIONThe total hip resurfacing arthroplasty is an effective solution for the treatment of the younger and active patients with AS and it shows satisfactory short-term results. It is very significant to analysis the different conditions of patients so as to choose proper strategy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Young Adult