Female ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Mycoses ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate the distribution of water fluoride and the status of water-improving defluoridation projects,thus to explore the condition of endemic fluorosis in Guangxi Province.Methods According to"The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Contml in 2005",the fuorine content in water Was determined by F-ion selective electrode,children's dental fluorosis was checked by Dean method.and the skeletal fluorosis was checked by the standard of clinical scale of skeletal fluorosis.Results 305 water samples in 61 villages were examined,among which 71 waters were exceeded the standard,accounting for 23.28%(71/305).The projects of defluoriding drinking water were running well except one was discarded.The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 13.55%(356/2627),the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis was 4.02%(65/1615).Conclusions The situation of endemic fluorosis control is not optimistic in Guangxi,which needs fuaher prevention and controls.

Immunohistochemical technique was an essential tool of conventional diagnosis,therefore,the application of immunohisto- chemistry in reformation of pathology laboratory teaching would boost pathological experimental teaching standards to a higher level.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference of the dose distribution in clinical target volume and organ at risk (OAR) between coplanar decile field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and conventional three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for postoperative radiotherapy of cervical cancer.

METHODSTen postoperative patients with cervical cancer were selected randomly to undergo CT scan and planning target volume (PTV) and OAR contouring. 3D-CRT and coplanar decile IMRT planning was performed for each patient with a prescribed dose of 50 Gy. The homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), maximum dose, minimum dose, mean dose of PTV, and irradiated volume of OARs were calculated and the results were compared.

RESULTS5-field IMRT, 7-field IMRT and 9-field IMRT plans had a significant better conformity index (CI) of PTV compared with 3D-CRT (P<0.05) . Compared with 3D-CRT plans , V30, V40, and V50 of the bladder, V50 of the small bowel, and V30, V40, and V50 of the rectum in the coplanar decile IMRT plans were all significantly reduced (P<0.05) but showed no significant differences among the IMRT plans (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONCoplanar decile IMRT plans is superior to 3D-CRT plan in terms of the conformity index (CI) of the PTV and sparing the bladder, rectum and small bowel. Seven-field and 9-field IMRT do not warrant more benefits than 5-field IMRT, and the latter can significantly reduce the treatment time and costs.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; methods ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated ; methods ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; radiotherapy

Objective To evaluating the effectiveness of comprehensive measures to control the plague in epidemic areas in Longlin county Guangxi from 2001 to 2010.Methods Original epidemic places was deratised,indicative animals were investigated,and epidemic clues were searched.Cage trapping method was used to capture rat and rat body fleas were collected in the plague epidemic areas.The flea-carrying rates and flea index of rodents were calculated based on the number of fleas collected from caged rodents.The animals were then subjected to etiological and serological tests to determine the plague infection rate.Results A total of 1008 rats were captured and 571 fleas were collected from 2001 to 2010,of which Rattus Flavipestus accounted tor 81.65％(823/1008) and Xenopsylla Cheopis for 64.10％(366/571).The annual average rodents infected with flea and the index of flea were 23.02％ (177/769) and 0.74,respectively.The annual average density of rodents decreased from 3.99％ (859/21 508,before deratised) to 0.96％ (149/15 600,after deratised).The deratization rate was 75.94％.Conclusion The risk of a plague epidemic in Longlin county is reduced after continued comprehensive measures be taken to deal with the disease.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of FTY720, a new immunosuppressive agent, on apoptosis and autophagy in multiple myeloma(MM) cell line U266 and to clarify its molecular mechanism.

METHODSU266 cells were treated with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 µmol/L FTY720 for 24 hours, and the cell viability was assayed by CCK-8 method. Then U266 cells were treated with 20.0 µmol/L FTY720 for 0, 2, 6 and 24 hours, the cell viability was tested. The apoptotic rates induced by different doses and time points of FTY720 were tested by flow cytometry separately. The expression of LC3B was detected by Western blot after U266 cells treated with different doses of FTY720 to see autophagy. U266 cells were treated with FTY720 ± Bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of autophagy, for 24 hours, then the cell viability and apoptotic rates were tested. Meanwhile the expression of survivin, anti-apoptotic factors, were tested by Western blot.

RESULTSThe cell viability and the apoptotic rates were inhibited significantly by FTY720 (P < 0.05) in time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. The expression of LC3B-II increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner, it indicated that the autophagy was induced by FTY720. Bafilomycin A1 could rescue the cell viability and apoptotic rates in U266 cells treated with FTY720, and it could also rescue the expression of survivin decreased by FTY720.

CONCLUSIONSFTY720 can cause apoptosis and autophagy of U266 cells. The autophagy promote the apoptosis, which maybe due to the degradation of anti-apoptotic factors such as survivin or their upstream factors in lysosomes through autophagy.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Autophagy ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; pathology ; Propylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; Sphingosine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate safety and effect of percutaneous chemotherapy pump placement for portal vein chemotherapy in management of colorectal cancer with hepatic metastasis.

METHODSTwenty-three cases of colorectal cancer with liver metastasis were treated with percutaneous chemotherapy pump placement for portal vein chemotherapy, and the therapeutic effect of this treatment was observed.

RESULTSPartial remission of the hepatic lesions was achieved in 13 (56.5%) of the patients following the treatment, and the condition was stabilized in 5 patients (21.7%). No severe complications were observed in these patients.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous chemotherapy pump placement for portal vein chemotherapy can be safe and effective for management of hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infusion Pumps, Implantable ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of Avastin in combination with irinotecan for metastatic colorectal cancer.

METHODSNinety patients were randomly divided into 3 equal groups to receive Avastin plus irinotecan (group A), FOLFIRI (group B) and FOLFOX7 (group C) for two cycles, respectively. The response rate and changes in tumor maker levels were observed.

RESULTSThe tumor response rate was 43.3% in group A, 27.7% in group B and 30.0% in group C. The disease control rate (complete response+partial response+stable disease) was 80% in group A, 53.3% in group B and 50.0% in group C. Obvious changes in tumor marker levels were observed in the 3 groups after treatment, which were most conspicuous in group A (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe addition of Avastin to irinotecan chemotherapy results in significant improvement of clinical efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bevacizumab ; Camptothecin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Treatment Outcome

Trichosporon species now ranks as the second most common cause of disseminated yeast infections with a high mortality rate. Breakthrough trichosporonosis in patients receiving echinocandins therapy is being recognized recently. We present a case of breakthrough trichosporonosis with acute viral myocarditis while receiving caspofungin therapy. Trichosporon infection should be considered in patients, who have risk factors for invasive fungal infection and develop unexplained clinical manifestations of infection despite treatment with echinocandins.
Adult ; Antifungal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Echinocandins ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lipopeptides ; Treatment Outcome ; Trichosporonosis ; drug therapy ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the reasonable proposal of prophylactic antibiotics use in selective colorectal operation.

METHODSOne hundred and sixty-five patients underwent colorectal surgery were randomized to Treatment 1 (55 cases), Treatment 2 (50 cases) and Control (60 cases) group. The Treatment 1 group was given oral MgSO4 solution at the night before operation, and Cefradine 2.0 g (I.V.) during the induction of anesthesia, continued with tow times of intravenous Cefradine 2.0 g and 0.5% Metronidazole 100 ml at an interval of 12 hours in 24 hours after the operation. The Treatment 2 group was given the same treatment as Treatment 1, but the antibiotics would not be withdrawn until 3-5 d after operation. On the basis of the treatment of Treatment 2 group, the Control group was given oral antibiotics 2-3 days before operation. Postoperative complications including surgical site infection, stoma leakage, dysbacteriosis, and WBC, body temperature, days of hospitalization and antibiotic expenses in the three groups were observed and compared.

RESULTSThere was no significant differences in surgical site infection, stoma leakage, WBC counting and its change, body temperature and hospital stay among the three groups (P > 0.05). The incidence rate of dysbacteriosis in Control group was significantly higher than that in Treatment 1 group (P < 0.05). The antibiotic expenses in the Treatment 1 group was significantly lower than those of the other two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSProphylactic antibiotic use during the induction of anesthesia and 24 hours after operation was reasonable in selective colorectal operation, it can prevent the surgical site infection effectively with good social-economic effects and fewer side effects.

Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; adverse effects ; methods ; Colorectal Surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surgical Wound Infection ; prevention & control