OBJECTIVE:To compare the distribution of levofloxacin in lung of mice after intragastric and intravenous adminis-tration of Tanreqing injection combined with levofloxacin. METHODS:144 mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 72 mice in each group. Both groups were given Tanreqing injection(0.8 ml/kg). 1 h later,control group was given Levofloxacin injection(80 mg/kg)intravenously,and experimental group Levofloxacin tablet solution(80 mg/kg)intra-gastrically;every 8 mice were sacrificed for lung tissue collection at the time points of 0.05,0.083,0.17,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0, 12.0 h and 0.083,0.17,0.33,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0,12.0 h,respectively. Using ciprofloxacin as internal standard,the content of levofloxacin in lung tissue was determined by HPLC,and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97 program. RE-SULTS:The concentration-time curves of levofloxacin in lung tissue were in line with two-compartment model in 2 groups. The main pharmacokinetics of experimental group and control group were as follows as t1/2β of(4.17±0.84)h and(4.10±0.55)h;CL of(0.66±0.049)L/h and(0.71±0.21)L/h;AUC0-t of(109.48±12.34)mg·h/kg and(113.04±29.43)mg·h/kg;cmax of(38.76± 1.62) mg/kg and (42.28 ± 2.03) mg/kg,respectively. There was no statistical significance (P>0.05). Absolute bioavailability of levofloxacin was(96.85±17.39)% in experimental group with intragastric administration. CONCLUSIONS:After intravenous injec-tion of Tanreqing injection,the distribution of levofloxacin in lung tissue of mice are similiar between intragastric administration and intragastric administration.

Background and purpose:Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted glyco-phosphoprotein, which is overex-pressed by numerous human cancers, invovled in tumor occurrence, development and prognosis. OPN up-regulates matrix metal proteases (MMPs) expression in a NF-κB-dependent fashion during extracellular matrix (ECM) invasion causing degradation of cell basement membrane and ECM leading to tumor invasion and metastasis. The aim of this study was to examine the protein level of OPN in a large number of tissue samples from patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and evaluate its potential clinical value.Methods:The OPN protein levels in 265 tumor tissue samples and corresponding 24 normal lung tissue samples were examined by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis.Results:IHC results showed that the positive rate of OPN was 64.5% in the SCC tissues, which was significantly higher than that in normal alveoli tissues (29.2%,P<0.001). The positive rate of OPN expression in late stage (Ⅲ+Ⅳ) tissues was 78.4%, significantly higher than that in early stage (Ⅰ+Ⅱ) tissue(positive rate 54.5%,P<0.001). The positive rate of OPN expression in T3-4 stage (Ⅲ+Ⅳ) tissue was 76.9%, significantly higher than that in T1-2 stage tissue (positive rate 59.4%,P=0.007). The expression of OPN was signifcantly correlated with the status of lymph node metastasis (LNM). The positive rate in the tumor tissue with LNM was 73.4%, significantly higher than that without (positive rate 51.4%,P<0.001).Conclusion:The level of OPN protein was overexpressed in lung cancer tissues, involved in SCC carcinogenesis and LNM. It is indicated that OPN has an impor-tant reference value in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of SCC.

Objective To study the change of kidney injury biochemical index before and after SWL in southeast of Chongqing, and toanalyze the constituents of urinary stones,thus to provide the evidence for the treatment of patients with urinary stones by SWL in southeast of Chongqing.Methods 328 patients with urinary stones form our hospital in Southeast of Chongqing during 2008 to 2014 underwent SWL were enrolled.And we detected the levels of urine mALB,serum β2-MG,BUN,Cr before and after operation.The results were statistically analyzed.The chemical constituents of stones were analyzed.Results The levels of urine mALB,serumβ2-MG obviously increased on day 1-2 after operation,and reached the peak 2 days after operation.The result after 1-2 days showed significant difference(P <0.01).The levels returned to normal after 10 days.Compared with the levels before operation,the results after 10 days showed no significant difference(P >0.05).Compared with the levels before operation,the levels of BUN and Cr slightly increased,with no significant difference(P >0.05).Conclusion The detection of urine mALB,serum β2-MG of patients with urinary stones before and after SWL and analysis of the chemical compositions of urinary stones could provide the evidence for the treatment of patients with urinary stones by SWL in Southeast of Chongqing.

Autophagy is an important pathway in the body to remove damaged cell organelles and dysfunctional proteins to maintain protein equilibrium and intracellular homeostasis by the lysosomal system .As a degenerative disease of central nervous system , the main feature of Alzheimer ’ s disease is abnormal protein aggregation .However , the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer ’ s disease is not fully clear yet .The aim of this paper is to take β-amyloid peptide as a starting point to explore the relationship between autophagy and β-amyloid peptide in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.

Objective To explore the effect of Danggui shaoyao powder combined with Sanhuang lotion fumigation on serum TGF-β1,IL-4 and IL-10 in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.Methods 38 cases with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease were selected and divided into the control group (19 cases) and the experiment group(19 cases) according to the random number table.The control group were treated with Sanhuang lotion fumigation bath, the experiment group were treated on the basis of the control group with Danggui shaoyao powder, 10 days for a course of treatment, a total of two courses of treatment.The serum IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β1 and clinical efficacy were compared before and after treatmentbetweentwo groups.Results The total effective rate of the experiment group was 94.74%, which was higher than 84.21% of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment, the clinical symptom score in experiment group was lower than that in control group, the serum levels of IL-4 and TGF-β1 were lower than those in control group, the serum level of IL-10 was higher than that in control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Danggui shaoyao powder combined with Sanhuang lotion fumigation could decreases IL-4 and TGF-β1 levels, increase IL-10 level and improve the inflammatory state in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.

The heighten of the muscles tension is a familiar complication along with epigyny motoneuron's trauma. It's main manifestation is body spasm which badly affects the patients' daily life ability and the rehabilitation treatment. The measures of anti-convulsion are varied which include medicine, acupuncture, operation, electricity stimulates, and etc. But the problems such as the curative effect, the fee and the specialized technology limit application of those measures in clinic. Under the guidance of the modern rehabilitation theory, according to the scientific research design elements and method of the modern medicine research, combining the therapeutics of the traditional Chinese medicine and some modern rehabilitation technology, developing a sort of safe and effective integrative therapy method, which is a domain urgently needs to be exploited.

OBJECTIVE: To review population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in recent years, and to provide methods for rational application vancomycin in clinical practice. METHODS: According to literatures, population pharmacokinetic models of vancomycin were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Population pharmacokinetic models were better reasonable to predict accurate pharmacokinetic parameters of individuals, especial for the subpopulations, such as children, severe obesity, cancer and so on. They could help clinicians to select proper dosing of vancomycin to individualize the therapy in different patient populations. This way could reduce side effects and resistances of vancomycin through individualized administration.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cytodiagnosis ; methods ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Sputum

The main reasons to doubt the validity of serum pharmacology include:①The components of medical herbs absorbed from gastrointetinal tract enter circulating plasma,not serum in vivo.②Blood coagulation involves the activation of a series of proenzymes,and the proteases induce leukocytes to release lysosomal enzymes.These enzymes may degrade some herbal components.③Thrombin can stimulate platelets and leukocytes to secrete many biologically active substances.④Fibrinolysis,complement and kinin systems are activated during blood coagulation.⑤The processes of serum preparation and inactivation always cause lose of lots of herbal components. Recently finger printing analysis using HPLC-MS and antileukemic proliferation experiments showed that the results obtained from serum pharmacological method might be incorrect. We propose that the ex vivo experiments on multiple levels are necessary to elucidate the pharmacological actions and their mechanisms of medical herbs and believe that the pharmacological method using plasma absorbed herbal components should be better than that using serum.

Based on Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Hospital’s practice of applying big data for prevention of registration traffickers,the paper analyzes the behavioral characteristics of technology-based registration traffickers'malicious occupation from the aspects of abnormal registration,abnormal withdrawal,abnormal grab and abnormal user binding,makes the corresponding technical plans and countermeasures,so as to limit the malicious registration of registration traffickers using the reservation system and guarantee the medical resources can be distributed to patients fairly and impartially.