Objective To investigate the spousal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)and its related factors in HIV epidemic area,which can be beneficial to prevent HIV from transmitting.Methods Three hundred and forty-six couples with one spouse were anti-HIV positive were cross-sectionally investigated.Blood samples were taken from the spouse of subjects whose anti- HIV were positive to detect the anti-HIV antibody and from 70 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)patients to do the sequencing of the serum HIV provirus DNA.Results In 346 couples,99 were infected by spousal transmission and its transmission rate was 28.6%.One spouse of 125 couples were infected with HIV by paid blood donation,14.4%(18)of the other spouse were infec- ted by spousal transmission.One spouse of 135 couples were infected by paid blood transfusion, 23.7%(32)of the other spouse were infected by spousal transmission.Eighty-six couples were infec- ted by extramarital sexual contact,49(57.0%)got spousal transmission.Thirty-seven(69.8%) subjects were infected by husband-to-wife transmission and 12(36.4%)were from wife to husband. The difference between them was significant(P

Objective To investigate the expression of tumor suppressor gene p16~(INK4A) in mouse endometrium during the estrus cycle and early pregnancy and its possible role in blastocyst implantation. Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of p16~(INK4A) mRNA,immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were applied to detect p16~(INK4A) protein in mouse endometrium tissues during the estrus cycle and early pregnancy. Results The intensity of p16~(INK4A) mRNA expression in mouse early pregnancy was higher than that in the estrus cycle.Compared with the other 3 stages, the level of p16~(INK4A) mRNA expression at estrus was obviously higher. During the early pregnancy, the level of p16~(INK4A) mRNA expression increased steadily from day 2 to day 5,reaching the maximal level on day 5,then decreasing. Both immunohistochemical and Western blotting analysis showed the same results in expression patterns of p16~(INK4A) protein for mouse endometrium tissues as those results of RT-PCR.Conclusion p16~(INK4A) is involved in the embryos penetrating into the endometrial barrier.

Objective To understand a cancer hospital inpatient care Ningxia quality of service perceived status quo.Methods Servqual model-based,self-designed Expect Inpatient Nursing Service Quality Perception Questionnaire was used to investigate 160 hospitalized patients and expected to build expectations oncology inpatients quality of care and services-dimensional perception matrix (IPA matrix).Results By analyzing sensible quality (SQ) value and IPA matrix of the Servqual questionnaire,all items except for treating equally and recommend the hospital showed SQ＜0,that was,the actual feelings of patients were less than expected,and there was statistical difference between the actual feelings and expected feelings in the quiet ward,health guide,care level (t=2.963,2.020,2.020,P ＜0.05).IPA matrix showed that ward quiet,health guidance,care level was the priority problems for the hospital.Life Care,protection of privacy,psychological care,level of service,pay the money reached care were the minor priority problems.Conclusions Servqual Model and IPA matrix combination can help to understand the gap between expectations and perception of nursing service,identify problems improvement priorities,identify weaknesses in care for hospital managers,and develop fine effective theory.

AIM: To screen TIGR/myocilin gene (MYOC) mutation in high myopic Chinese children with family history.METHODS: Gene sequencing was performed in exon 3 of the TIGR gene in high myopic Chinese Children. The coding sequence of TIGR exon 3 was screened by capillary electrophoresis sequencing. The sequence alterations were analyzed by bioinformatics.RESULTS: TIGR gene mutation was not found in high myopic patients and normal controls group.CONCLUSION: No identified gene mutation is found in TIGR gene in high myopic Chinese children.

To review the background and advance of a strategy of bioethnopharmaceutical analytical pharmacology(BAP).BAP is an idea for elucidating absorbed bioactive compound(ABC)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula or herbal remedy.It is also a mode of active comparison between absorbed compounds and the parent formula including determination of ABC in blood,the ABC dosage identical to its content in formula,and the active comparison of ABC and the parent formula.The ABC of Guan-Xin-Er-Hao formula elucidated by BAP strategy has been reviewed and the significance of BAP strategy will be further discussed.

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A injection in the treatment of upper facial dynamic wrinkles.Methods:A total of 35 patients with upper facial dynamic wrinkles treated in our hospital from February 2016 to October 2016 were selected as research objects.All the patients were treated with botulinum toxin type A.The excellence rate of 30min after treatment,3 d after treatment and 7 d after treatment were evaluated and compared.The facial wrinkles severity index of the patients were evaluated by the facial wrinkles scale (FWS),and the differences of the FWS index before treatment,4 weeks after treatment and 6 months after treatment were compared.The adverse reactions,like upper facial tension,fatigue and local injection of ecchymosis after treatment were observed and compared.Results:The excellence rate of the patients after treatment of 30 min,3 d and 7 d were gradually increased.The excellence rate of the patients after treatment of 3 d and 7 d were significantly higher than that of after treatment of 30 min,and the excellence rate of the patients after treatment of 7 d were significantly higher than that of after treatment of 3 d (P＜0.05).The FWS index of the patients after treatment of 4 weeks and 6 months were significantly lower than those of before treatment,and the FWS index of the patients after treatment of 4 weeks were significantly lower than that of 6 months after treatment(P＜0.05).After treatment,only 4 patients had slight discomfort and all of these symptoms were disappeared after 3-4 days,there was no effect on their normal work and life.Conclusion:Botulinum toxin type A injection has a remarkable clinical curative effect in the treatment of patients with upper facial dynamic wrinkles,can maintain tor a long time,and also has good safety,it is worthy clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the curative effect of botulinum toxin type A combined with plastic operation of pouches on patients with eye skin relaxation and its impact on patients' satisfaction,and to provide reference for clinical application.Methods:A total of 60 patients with eye skin relaxation,who were treated in Baoji Central Hospital from June 2015 to June 2016,were selected as subjects and divided into control group (n=28) and treatment group (n=32) according to the patients' choices.The patients of control group were treated with plastic operation of pouches,while the patients of treatment group were treated with botulinum toxin type A combined with plastic operation of pouches.The two groups were followed up for 6 months.The improvement of crow's feet,the relief of pouches and the improvement of eye skin gloss of the patients after operation were observed and recorded.The incidence of complications were also observed.At the end of the follow-up,the satisfaction degrees of the patients were investigated with the self-made questionnaire.Results:After treatment,the improvement rate(100％) of crow's feet of the treatment group was significantly higher than that(60.71％) of the control group;the improvement rate (96.88％) of pouches of the treatment group was significantly higher than that (32.14％) of the control group;the improvement rate (87.50％) of eye skin gloss of the treatment group was significantly higher than that (53.57％) of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).After treatment,there was no significant difference in the incidence of incision swelling,small amount of secretions and small hematoma between the two groups (P＞0.05),the operation eye swelling and incision bruises outer canthus in the control group were more than those in the treatment group (P＜0.05).The total satisfaction rate [93.75％ (30/32)] of the treatment group was significantly higher than that[67.86％ (19/28)] of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Botulinum toxin type A combined with plastic operation of pouches in the treatment of eye skin relaxation has a better efficacy and safety,which can significantly reduce the incidence of operation eye swelling and incision bruises outer canthus,and improve patients' satisfaction rate.It is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic factors in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) for selectively carrying out prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI).Methods 114 patients with LA-NSCLC between Jun 2006 and Oct 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Related risk factors and features about brain metastases were analyzed.Results The 2-year incidence rate of brain metastases was 31.58 ％ (36/114),the first brain metastases was 20.18 ％ (23/114),and sole brain metastases was 9.65 ％(11/114),respectively.Variables involved in the equation of binary logistic regression analysis were pathology (OR =5.892) and treatment mode(OR =2.888).The incidence rate of brain metastases in patients of non-squamous carcinoma and single treatment mode was higher than others (P ＜ 0.01) Model fitting is better (P ＞ 0.05).Overall accuracy rate of predicting brain metastases is 67.7 ％.The increased rate of lactate dehydrogenase in the patients with brain metastases or death was 17.54 ％, which was higher than that in the survival patients without brain metastases (P ＜ 0.01).At the same time,the station number and the number of mediastinal lymph node metastases were positively correlated (r =0.716, P ＜ 0.01).The incidence rate of brain metastases or mortality rate was higher in the adenocarcinoma cases than that in the squamous carcinoma cases (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05),with more frequent occurrence of mediastinal metastases.The mean diameter of squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 5.8 cm and 3.9 cm, respectively (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The incidence rate of brain metastases was higher in patients with single treatment.Large primary tumors, high lactate dehydrogenase, non-squamous carcinoma, multiple stations, and multiple mediastinal lymph nodes metastases can be regarded as risk factors of brain metastases to perform PCI.

Objective We analysed the homocysteine level and distribution of ganzhou city crowd ,learned about its elevatory sit‐uation ,and provided theory basis for the intervention of high homocysteine level crowd and the prevention of heart and head blood vessel disease .Methods We detected the blood homocysteine level of 6419 adults who had physical examination in our hospital dur‐ing 2012 by enzymatic methods ,and analyzed the diagnose rate of HHcy and the distributions of Hcy in different age and gender . Results The total detection rate of high homocysteine level in 6419 adults was 39 .11% ,among which 47 .30% in male and 22 .49% in female ,the comparison was statistically significant (χ2 = 424 .28 ,P< 0 .05) ;the detection rate of male was higher than female .In different ages ,the detection rates were statistically significant comparatively (P< 0 .05) .The detection rate of homocys‐teine level in both gender rises with age .At the same time ,homocysteine levels in males of 25 - 34 years old age group and 35 - 44 years old age group ,45 - 54 years old age group and 55 - 64 yeas old age group were not statistically significant ;while there were statistical differences of Hcy level in the rest age groups of male ,different age groups of female and same age different gender groups (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The HHcy detection rate and the blood Hcy distribution of Ganzhou city crowd has its regional characteristics compared with other regions ,and it may be associated with the main population distribution of hakka people and oth‐er geological factors .The detection rate of HHcy was relatively high ,and it′s advisable to take early prevention to lower the risk of heart and head blood vessel disease .

This study aimed at exploring the effects of Guttiferone K (GUTK),a compound isolated from G.yunnanensis,on inhibiting the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory effects of GUTK on the proliferation of five human pancreatic cancer cell lines.Western blot was adopted to detect the apoptosis-related protein expressions of Caspase-3,poly adenosinediphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) and Bcl-xL.For in vivo study,the human pancreatic cancer cell MIA PaCa-2 was orthotopically injected into the pancreatic tail of the orthotopic mice.One week later,GUTK was administered by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection every other day for 4 weeks.The volume and weight of the tumor tissue were measured.The protein expression level of cleaved caspase-3 in tumor tissue of all the groups was quantified by immunohistochemistry.As a result,it was found that GUTK effectively inhibited the proliferation of the five human pancreatic cancer cell lines at a low concentration.GUTK induced caspase-related apoptosis by triggering a series of events in MIA PaCa-2 cells including cleaved Caspase-3 and PARP activation,Bcl-xL down-regulation,and eventually cell death in a time and dose dependent manner.Furthermore,in vivo study revealed that intraperitoneal injection of GUTK significantly suppressed the growth of pancreatic cancer cells in the orthotopic mouse models,and the protein level of cleaved caspase-3 was increased in the GUTK and gemcitabine treated groups.It was concluded that GUTK induced apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo,and was potential to develop into a clinical anticancer agent.