Bilirubin ; analysis ; Child ; Electric Impedance ; Esophagus ; metabolism ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To evaluate the value of multi slice computed tomography (CT) in differential diagnosis of renal clear cell carcinoma and renal papillary carcinoma. Methods: The CT images of 47patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were reviewed. The RCC patients were divided into 2 groups pathologically, including 37 cases of clear cell RCC and 10 cases of papillary RCC. Plain scan and three phase (corticomedullary, nephrographic and excretory phases) CT were performed in all patients. Age and sex of patients, tumor size, enhancement degree and pattern (homogeneous, heterogeneous and predominantly peripheral), the presence of calcification or cystic degeneration (necrotic or hemorrhagic areas within the tumor) and tumor spreading (including perinephric change, venous invasion and lymphadenopathy) were compared between the 2 subtypes. Results: The degrees of enhancement were significantly different between the 2 subtypes in the corticomedullary, parenchymal and excretory phases (P<0.05). Necrosis and cystic degeneration were more evident in the clear cell RCC than in papillary RCC regardless of tumor size (P<0.05). A hypervascular pattern (higher tumor enhancement after contrast material injection due to higher vascularity) was noted in 21.6% of clear cell RCC cases and in 10% of papillary RCC (P<0.05). Half of the clear cell RCC and 2.7% of papillary RCC patients showed homogeneous enhancement (P<0.05). Calcification was evident in 21.6% of clear cell RCC patients and 20% of papillary RCC patients. Conclusion: The degree of enhancement is the most valuable parameter for differentiation of clear cell RCC and papillary RCC. The presence of cystic degeneration, hemorrhage, vascularity and enhancement patterns can also contribute to the differentiation of the 2 subtypes.

Animals ; Communicable Diseases ; genetics ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; Helicobacter Infections ; genetics ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; Humans ; Mycobacterium Infections ; genetics

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; Cephalosporins ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Objective To study the effect of millimeter wave radiation on human hepatoma cell. Methods BEL7404 hepatoma cells were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, the group radiated by millimeter wave for 30 min, the group treated with Fluorouracil(5 FU), and the group radiated by millimeter wave and treated with 5 FU simultaneously at same time. The ability of 35.8 GHz millimeter wave to induce the apoptosis of hepatoma cell was evaluated by analyses of fluorescence microscopy, DNA fragmentation assay and flow cytometry assay. Results BEL7404 cells radiated by the millimeter wave had the typical characteristics of apoptosis. Comparaed with the control group [(3.21? 1.06)%], the apoptosis rates were higher in 30 min radiating or/and 5 FU groups[ (14.33? 2.66)%, (18.58? 2.57)%, (27.91? 3.66)%]. Poly adp ribose polymerase(PARP) was found to be cleavaged in all the cells in millmeter wave radiation or/and 5 FU groups. Conclusion Radiation of 35.8 GHz could induce apoptosis of BEL7404 cell in vitro, and could act synergistcally with 5 FU treatment.

Objective To study the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), CDK4 and P16 on rat hepatocellular carcinoma by millimeter wave radiation. Methods Fourty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group one to three were feeded by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Group one was a tumor control group. In group two and three the liver was directly radiated by 35.8 GHz, 100 mW/cm 2 millimeter wave for 20 min, twice a week for 10 or 5 weeks. Group four was a normal control radiated group. Fourteen weeks later all rats were sacrificed to undergo serological test and immunohistochemical stain of liver. Results The serum levels of ? glutamyltransferase in group two and three were lower than that in group one. Adenocarcinoma was only existed in group one by histological examination of liver tissue. Other groups of DEN exposure only had basophilic and eosinophilic nodules. Liver tissue expression of PCNA and CDK4 in group two and three were significantly lower than in group one, but the expression of P16 in group two and three was higher than that in group one. Conclusions Radiation with millimeter wave can partially inhibit cell proliferation and suppress the DEN induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.

Objective: To evaluate the immunity efficacy of human amniotic membranes on rats. Methods: One hundred and fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: biological amnion group, immunosuppression group, immunostimulation group, sham-operated group and blank control group. According to the study period, each group of thirty rats would be randomly divided into five experimental operation subgroups: the 1st week, the 2nd week, the 4th week, the 8th week group and the 12th week groups. The rats were implanted subcutaneously, then intramuscular injection of gentamicin sulfate for 3 days to resist the infection, and the immune organ coefficient, and the killing abilities of NK cell, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-αserum levels were detected according to the study period. Results: At 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th week after amniotic membrane implantation in rats, compared with the sham-operated and blank control groups, the biological amnion group had nonsignificant differences(P>0.05). At 1st week after amniotic membrane implantation in rats, immunosuppression group showed different levels of the immunosuppressive effect, such as the analysis of immune organ coefficient, which had significant differences compared with other groups(P<0.01). At 1st week after amniotic membrane implantation in rats, the imunostimulation group showed a certain degree of the immunostimulant effect, such as the killing abilities of NK cell, which had marked differences compared with other groups(P<0.05). Conclusion: The amniotic membranes have satisfactory immune safety with implantation in rats and do not cause significant adverse immune reactions.

Objective: To investigate the effect of lethal Vibrio vulnificus infection on the blood system and the pathology changes of the major organs in mice, and to explore the possible mechanism of the related death. Methods: Lethal Vibrio vulnificus-infection model was established with mice. The model mice were divided into two groups: a control group and an infection group. ELISA was used to examine the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and TF. Serum total bilirubin (TBIL), creatinine (Cre), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were analyzed using automatic biochemical analyzer; whole blood cell analysis was also performed. The pathological changes of the heart, lung, liver, spleen, and kidney were observed under electron and light microscopes. Results: Compared with the control group, the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and TF were significantly increased in mice after infection with Vibrio vulnificus (P < 0.05); the serum levels of BUN, Cre, TBIL, diastase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The ratios of WBC, platelet, and lymphocytes were all significantly decreased after infection compared with the control group (P<0.05). The ratios of red blood cells, monocytes, and Hb level were significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05). The pathological changes of major organs included hyperaemia, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and apoptosis. Conclusion: Lethal infection with Vibrio vulnificus can initiate super-inflammation reaction in mice; it can also activate the blood coagulation system and induce systemic tissue injury, finally leading to death.

Objective To investigate the effects of Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS,三七总皂苷) on extra-vascular lung water(EVLW) and respiratory dynamics in dog with oleic acid induced acute lung injury(ALI).Methods Eighteen Beagle dogs,intubated and mechanically ventilated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation(IPPV) mode(tidal volume(VT) 10 ml/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP) 0,inspiratory oxygen concentration(FiO2) 1.00),were randomly assigned into three groups(each n=6): normal control group,ALI model group(induced by intravenous injection of oleic acid) and PNS group(received PNS after the ALI model was constructed).PNS 10 mg/kg being dissolved in 100 ml 5% glucose solution(GS) was pumped into central vein (2.5 ml/min) after ALI model was formed in the PNS group.Similar amount of glucose solution was given to the normal control and model groups.Respiratory dynamics and arterial blood gas(ABG) were monitored every hour.Four hours after the establishment of ALI,the dogs were sacrificed and extra-vascular lung water index(EVLWI) was quantified by a gravimetric measurement.Results In ALI dogs,PNS significantly decreased the index of EVLWI((14.10?1.45) ml/kg vs.(17.97?0.85) ml/kg,P0.05).Conclusion PNS has certain protective effect on dog with oleic acid induced ALI,it may lower EVLW and elevate the Cst total,that is beneficial to the improvement of hypoxemia.