Objective　To find out the morbidity and main pathogens of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) in PICU.Methods　44 VAP cases were reviewed.Results　44 VAP cases were diagnosed and analyzed from 1998, 2 to 2001,1,the morbidity of VAP was 69.8%.The predominant pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Conclusion　It has reference value in consideri ng the possible pathogens of pneumonia.

Full-speed development of the primary health care centering on community health service is key to the ongoing health reform in China. Building a new management mechanism for these grass-root health centers is an innovative approach of such a reform as carried out in Zhejiang province.The authors described the present management mechanism in the province, and focused on the specific measures and main outcomes of the nine Group-scale model as used by a district health bureau in Hanzhou since end of 2007. The paper aims at building an ideal model for group-scale management of community health centers, and improving the new city primary health care system centering on community health service.

With the popularization of ureteroscopy, ureteral avulsion has become a common complication of urological surgery in recent years. In the study, we reviewed the clinical management of 2 patients who underwent emergency ureterostomy and selective operation of ileoureteral substitution, emergency repair and selective operation of Boari-flap ureteroneocystostomy respectively. After 22 and 17 months of follow-up, no ureter stricture were found, and hydronephrosis were relieved compared with preoperative in both.

Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective to investigate the curative effect of activated vitamin D3 combined with IFN-α on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in BALB/c mouse model. Methods the experimental mice received 100 μL of 10% CCl4 intraperitoneally to induce a model of hepatic fibrosis,and the nor-mal control group were administrated with same volume of 0.9% saline(n = 6). the experimental mice then were randomly divided into four treat-ment groups and treated for six weeks:saline therapy group(0.9% saline,100 μL/mouse,n = 6),IFN-α therapy group(IFN-α 800 U/mouse,n =6),1,25-(OH)2D3 therapy group(50 μg/kg,by gavaged,n = 6)and combined treatment therapy group(combined treatment,n=6). Hepatic inju-ry and hepatic pathology were examined by HE staining and Masson staining. Interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-10(IL-10),tumor necrosis factor-α(tNF-α),transforming growth factor-β(tGF-β)and Smad3 were determined by real-time PCR and ELISA. Results Inflammatory cell infiltra-tion and periportal collagen deposition were significantly reduced in all the therapeutic group expect saline therapy group assessed by HE and Masson staining. the IFN-α therapy group,1,25-(OH)2D3 therapy group and combined treatment therapy group displayed significant decrease in Col1α1, IL-6,tNF-α,tGF-β and Smad3 expression and increase in IL-10 expression in liver tissue(P < 0.05). Conclusion the effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 combined with IFN-α therapy is similar to separated treatment.

Objective To explore the relation between the infection of Helicobacter pylori (H .pylori)and colorectal tumor.Methods From January 2012 to January 2013,the medical data of 152 patients with colorectal tumor were collected.According to the findings of colonoscopy examination, the patients were divided into the colorectal adenoma group (84 cases)and the colorectal carcinoma group (68 cases).A total of 88 healthy individuals were also enrolled as control.The differences of H .pylori infection were compared among the colorectal adenoma group,the colorectal carcinoma group and the healthy control group.The distribution of H .pylori infection in different age,gender and nation was analyzed in colorectal tumor group.According to the location,maximum diameter,number,type of pedicle and pathological type of adenoma,the colorectal adenoma group was divided into subgroups and the condition of H .pylori infection was compared among the subgroups.Chi-square test was used in the statistical analysis.Results The positive rates of H .pylori infection of colorectal adenoma group, colorectal carcinoma group and healthy control group were 70.2% (59/84),72.1 % (49/68)and 53.4%(47/88),respectively,where the former two groups were both higher than that of the healthy control group,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =5 .147 and 5 .637,both P <0.05).Regarding the H .pylori infection,there was no difference in age,gender and ethnicity among 152 patients with colorectal tumor (all P > 0.05 ).Among 84 patients with colorectal adenoma,there was no statistical difference in the positive rate of H .pylori infection in different location,maximum diameter,number, type of pedicle and pathological type of adenoma (all P > 0.05).Conclusion H .pylori may have promoting effects on the genesis and development of colorectal tumor.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Propyl Gallate ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Neuromyelitis Optica ; therapy

Objective To investigate the efficacy and the mechanism of different dose hepatitis B immunoglohulin(HBIG)on prevention of HBV intrauterine infection and HBV S gene mutation. Methods HBV carrier mothers were randomly divided into three groups.Eighty-one HBsAg carrier pregnant women were divided into HBIG A group.HBIG B group and control group.Each subject in the HBIG A group received 200 U or 400 U(for HBsAg and HBeAg double positive carrier)intra muscularly at 3,2,1 month before delivery.Each subject in the HBIG B group received 200 U intra muscularly at 3,2,1 month before delivery.The subjects in the control group did not receive any treatment.Maternal blood samples were taken before HBIG injection and at delivery.Neonatal blood samples of all newborn infants after birth were taken before immunopropbylaxis.Their sera were ob tained to test HBV markers by enzyme immunoassay(EIA)and HBV DNA by fluorescence quantita- tive polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR),then to amplify and sequence HBV S gene region.Results The rate of HBV intrauterine infection in the HBIG group(14.5%)was lower than that in the control group(35.7%)(X~2=4.896,P=0.027).The rate of HBV intrauterine infection of newborns from HBsAg and HBeAg double positive carrier mother in the HBIG A group(37.5%)were lower than control group(100.0%)(X~2=7.273,P=0.007),while the rate was no different in the HBIG B group(71.5%)and the control group(X~2=2.637,P=0.104).Maternal HBsAg titer and HBV DNA level were of no difference among three groups before HBIG injection.Maternal HBsAg titers and HBV DNA levels of the HBIG A group were lower than those of the HBIG B group and the con- trol group at delivery.Among the 26 neonatal serum samples in the HBIG A group,10(38.5%)were positive for anti-HBs,while in the HBIG B group and in the control group,no neonatal serum sam- ples was positive.There was no significant difference of nucleotide and amino acid changes in the S gene between the HBIG group and the control group.Conclusions HBV infection in the uterus may be interrupted by injection HBIG intramuscularly before delivery.More efficacy would be found using variable HBIG dose according to different HBV virema and must be once more again injected just he- fore one week of delivery;anti-HBs transported to the fetus via the placenta and it's may be the im- portant mechanism of HBIG prevention.Asymptomatic HBsAg carrier mother received injections of HBIG before delivery should not influence HBV S gene mutation.Gene mutation of HBV is not the main factor in intrauterine transmission of HBV.

The plastic splint PCL,which is introduced in this article,is a new type of medical exter- nal immobilization material.During the course of its development,the burden has been optimality seeked with regressive orthogonality after screening of the material.Its function has attained the international levels during the eighties.This splint may be used not only in the treatment of burns and various orthopedic conditions,but also in the immobilization of fracture and rehabilation treatment of orthopedic patients etc.