Humans ; Primary Myelofibrosis ; therapy

Objective To investigate the molecular types of carbapenem-non-susceptible Esche-richia coli ( E.coli) isolates and their mechanism of carbapenem resistance .Methods Twenty-two carbap-enem-non-susceptible E.coli strains were isolated from 3 hospitals in Hangzhou from 2007 to 2011.The mini-mum inhibitory concentrations ( MICs) of antimicrobials to those isolates were determined by agar dilution method and E-test.The molecular mechanisms of carbapenem resistance of E.coli isolates were analyzed by conjugation experiment,PCR and DNA sequencing.Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE),multilocus se-quence typing ( MLST ) , and phylogenetic typing were performed to analyze the molecular epidemiology of those isolates.Results The MICs of imipenem and meropenem to 22 E.coli isolates were ranged from 1 μg/ml to 16 μg/ml,and the MICs of ertapenem were 2 μg/ml to 64 μg/ml.All E.coli isolates produced the KPC-2 carbapenemase and various β-lactamases , and some of them also produced plasmid-mediated AmpC enzymes.Carbapenem resistance was transferred by conjugation and transformation from 22 E.coli iso-lates to E.coli EC600 strains.The E.coli transconjugants or transformants acquired the blaKPC-2 gene and showed similar antibiotic susceptibility patterns in comparison with donor strains .Only a few isolates were in-distinguishable or closely related as indicated by PFGE .Four sequence types including ST131 (9 isolates), ST648 (5 isolates),ST38 (2 isolates) and ST405 (2 isolates) were identified by MLST.Phylogenetic analy-sis indicated that 9 ST131 isolates belonged to phylogenetic group B 2 and the other isolates belonged to group D (11 isolates),group B1 (1 isolate) and group A (1 isolate),respectively.Conclusion The sequence type of prevalent E.coli isolates producing KPC-2 from Hangzhou was ST131,which is an international epi-demic,multidrug-resistant clone,followed by ST648.

The paper is aimed to identify SNP in Sarcandra glabra and Chloranthus spicatus, and authenticate S. glabra from Ch. spicatus and the mixture by using PCR amplification of specific alleles. SNPs in the ITS sequences of S. glabra and Ch. spicatus were found by ClustulX 2. 1 program and Bioedit software. Primers for authentic S. glabra and Ch. spicatus was designed according to the SNP site, and ITS sequence universal primers plus to the authentic primer to construct a multi-PCR reaction system, and then optimized the PCR reaction system. Five hundred and eighty band special for S. glabra and 470 bp band special for Ch. spicatus were found by using multi-PCR reaction. The multi-PCR reaction system could be applied to identify S. glabra and Ch. spicatus's leaves.
DNA, Plant ; analysis ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; analysis ; genetics ; Magnoliopsida ; classification ; genetics ; Plant Leaves ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S ; genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S ; genetics ; Species Specificity

ObjectiveToll-like receptors (TLRs) play important role in the progression and tumor immunity of some types of cancer,some research have demonstrated that agonist of TLR3 can trigger apoptosis of cancers.This study was proposed to investigate if Poly(I:C),the specific agonist of TLR3,could impact proliferation or apoptosis of progressive breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231,and to investigate the primary mechanism of the function.MethodsExpression of TLR1-10 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the inhibitory effect of Poly(I:C) on proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells.Cell apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry with V-FITC/PI staining.Results First,the toll-like receptors 1-10 were all expressed on MDA-MB-231 cells,while the expression level of TLR8 was lower than that of others.Second,according to the CCK-8,the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited,but the apoptosis was not affected on the basis of Apoptosis Kit.At last,the mRNA expression of TNF-α、IFN-β and IFN-γ were elevated approximately 20 times after Poly(I:C) stimulation for 6 hours.ConclusionMDA-MB-231 cells express all toll-like receptors on mRNA level,and TLR8 was expressed lower than others.The stimulation of TLR3 with Poly(I:C) can inhibit the proliferation of MDA-MB-231,but had no effect on apoptosis.TNF-α、IFN-β and IFN-γ maybe participate in this process.

The molecular mechanism underlying muscular atrophy and gravisensing during spaceflight is still unknown. The major effects of spaceflight on body-wall muscles of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in the structures and functions wore examined, and five important muscle-related genes and three proteins were studied after nearly 15-day spaceflight. The changes for the wall-muscles were observed in situ. Decreased muscle fiber size was observed with myosin immunofluorescence and duller dense-body staining in flight samples, which suggested that muscular atrophy had happened during spaceflight. However, F-actin staining showed no differences between the spaceflight group and ground control group. Otherwise, after returning to the earth the C eleganu displayed reduced rate of movement with a lower ratio (height/width) in crawl trace wave, which indicated a functional defect. These results demonstrated that C. elegans muscular development was changed in response to microgravity, and changes also occurred at the level of gene transcription and protein translation. Expression of dys-I increased significantly in body-wall muscles, while hlh-1, myo-3, uric-54 and eg1-19 RNA levels decreased after spaceflight. Dystrophin (encoded by dys-1) is one of important components in dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC). Increased dys-I expression after flight implied that the muscular cell would accept more gravity signals by DGC in mierogravity in order to keep mechanical balance within the cells. It is concluded that DGC was involved into the mechanical transduction in body-wall muscles of C. elegans when gravity varied, which potentially played a vital role in gravisensing. The changes ofhlh-l, myo-3, tmc-54 and egl-19 suggested that they had the effects of promoting microgravity-induced muscular atrophy in strcture and function aspects. Result of Western blotting showed that the level of myosin A in spaceflight group decreased, further confirmed that atrophy happened during flight.

Gallbladder cancer is the most common cause of hilar biliary obstruction; however, it rarely causes combined biliary, duodenal, and colon triple obstruction. In this case, the quality of life for a patient with recurrent gallbladder cancer with combined duodenal, colonic, and biliary obstruction was improved by endoscopic and endosonographic palliation, despite its technical difficulty and complexity. Seven metal stents were implanted one by one using only endoscopic methods. Successful stent-in-stent placement and endoscopic ultrasound-guided stenting after failed ERCP improved the patient’s quality of life to the extent that there was no need for any external drainage.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the immunocytodynamic changes in the livers of chronic hepatitis C patients treated with IFN alpha-2b and ribavirin and to find new bases for an effective immune regulation therapy.

METHODSForty-two chronic hepatitis C patients were treated with combined IFN alpha-2b and ribavirin and their peripheral blood and liver tissues were collected before the treatment for analyses. After the treatment, peripheral blood and liver tissue specimens were obtained from only 11 patients. All the specimens were exposed to three monoclonal antibody fluorescence dyes, and the CD45+ cells with triple colors were analyzed using flow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared to the control groups, the positive rates of CD56+, CD57+, CD161+ cells in the livers of those with chronic hepatitis C sharply decreased (Probability value less than 0.01), and CD56+T cells had decreased mildly; CD28 from the CD56+T cells decreased mildly, but the expression of CD152 increased (P<0.05); the positive rates of CD83+CD1a+ cells had decreased mildly, and the positive rates of CD80+CD11c+ and the CD86+CD11c+ cells significantly decreased (P<0.01). After the treatment, the CD56+, CD161+, CD56+T, CD161+T, CD80+CD11c+, CD86+CD11c+ cells in the responding group increased.

CONCLUSIONCombined interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin treatment can improve the suppressed cell immunity function.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Female ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Liver ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recombinant Proteins ; Ribavirin ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo study the presence and clinical significance of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in liver tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

METHODSCD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and CD8+ cells and their relative proportions in liver tissues and peripheral blood of HCC patients and of healthy volunteers were analyzed using flow cytometry. The distributions of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in liver tissues were also analyzed.

RESULTSAround the tumor tissues (peri-tumor), the percentage of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells was 10.8% +/- 2.3%, which was obviously higher than in the tissues away from the cancer tissues (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of HCC patients was 9.4% +/- 1.0%, which was obviously lower than that of the healthy volunteers (12.9% +/- 1.3%) (P < 0.01). With increasing CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the peri-tumor tissue, there was a trend of CD8+ cells decreasing.

CONCLUSIONCD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells played an anti-tumor immunity role in hepatocellular carcinoma by restraining the CD8+ cells.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; immunology ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ; immunology ; Liver Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) intron 1A/C and metabolic syndrome (MS) in a Chinese population.

METHODSA population-based case-control study was conducted in Suzhou city, Changshu County and Ganyu County in Jiangsu Province China, on the basis of an ongoing cohort study and 2348 cases were investigated. After the exclusion of the known MS cases, 1847 eligible subjects were successfully followed-up and their waist circumference (WC), body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and fasting plasma glucose were measured. Newly diagnosed MS patients were recruited as cases, controls were individual matched with each case. TaqMan fluorescence probe method was used to detect the genetic polymorphism of PPARalpha intron 1A/C.

RESULTSThe current analysis consisted of 389 MS patients and 389 matched controls. The C allele gene frequency of PPARalpha intron 1A/C in the case group was 22.24% (173/778), lower than that in the control group, which was 24.68% (192/778); whereas the difference was not statistically significant (chi(2) = 1.29, P > 0.05). In the genotypes AA + AC and CC, MS patients were accounted for 50.70% (363/716) and 41.94% (26/62) and hyperglycemia accounted for 21.37% (153/716) and 11.29% (7/62). Compared to the genotypes AA + AC, genotype CC was observed to be inversely associated with hyperglycemia (the adjusted OR = 0.39; 95%CI: 0.17 - 0.90) but not related to the occurrence of MS (OR = 0.75; 95%CI: 0.44 - 1.28) and other components of MS e.g., abdominal obesity (the adjusted OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.38 - 1.17), hypertriglyceridemia (the adjusted OR = 0.97; 95%CI: 0.53 - 1.76), low HDL-C (the adjusted OR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.41 - 1.25) and hypertension (the adjusted OR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.42 - 1.25) all P values > 0.05.

CONCLUSIONC allele of PPARalpha intron 1A/C is not found to be associated with MS in the Chinese population. But comparing with the genotypes AA + AC, there is an inverse association between CC genotype and hyperglycemia.

Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; etiology ; genetics ; Introns ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; etiology ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; PPAR alpha ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo explore the best program for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) of constipation type.

METHODSNinety-five cases of IBS were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A (n = 30) were treated by acupuncture combined with microorganism pharmaceutical preparations, group B (n = 35) by oral administration of medicine for loosening the bowel to relieve constipation plus microorganism pharmaceutical preparations, and group C (n = 30) by simple acupuncture.

RESULTSThe total effective rates were 90.0%, 77.2% and 66.7%, in the group A, B and C, respectively, with a very significant differences as the group A compared with those in the groups B, C (P < 0.01), and with no significant difference as the group B compared with that of the group C (P > 0. 05). The intestinal available bacteria, bilidobacteria and lactobacillus, increased and enteric bacilli decreased in varying degrees in the 3 groups.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture combined with microorganism pharmaceutical preparations has a better therapeutic effect on irritable bowel syndrome of constipation type.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Constipation ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; microbiology ; therapy ; Male ; Probiotics ; therapeutic use