Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) after cesarean section occurs in 3-15% of cases. Surgical irrigation has been widely used as a measure of reducing SSI, however, there are no official guidelines for its practice. Objective: To determine the efficacy of Betaine + Polyhexanide (Prontosan) as anti-septic wound irrigating solution prior to subcutaneous layer and skin closure of cesarean section in preventing surgical site infection Methodology: One hundred thirty-two women who underwent cesarean section were included from April to October 2017. The cesarean section was done according to the standard operating procedure of the hospital. All subjects were given prophylactic antibiotics prior to the cesarean section. Subjects were then randomly assigned, 66 in Prontosan and 66 in Saline as irrigating solution prior to closure of subcutaneous layer and skin. Post-operatively, subjects were monitored and evaluated for signs and symptoms of superficial surgical site infection on Day 3, 7-10 and 30. Results: There was no demographic difference identified between the two groups (age, prepregnancy BMI, obstetric parameters and comorbidities) except that saline group had a higher proportion of emergency cesarean section (84% vs 70%). The incidence of surgical site infection 2 was similar in the two groups (15.15% vs 9.09 % on Day 3, 7.84 % vs 6.78% on Day 7-10, 3.23% vs 0 on Day 30). Conclusion Betaine + Polyhexanide (Prontosan) and Saline wound irrigation showed no reduction in the incidence of superficial surgical site infection in women undergoing cesarean section.
Cesarean Section ; Infections

Background: Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic cancer worldwide and are usually diagnosed in advanced stages where prognosis is very poor. Ultrasound has been widely used to screen and differentiate benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm. There are several ultrasound scoring system designed to aid in the diagnosis, however, there is still no standard method accepted for screening of ovarian cancer. Objective: To compare the accuracy of SASSONE Scoring and ADNEX Model in differentiating benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm in the University of Santo Tomas Hospital. Methodology: Sixty-eight women who presented with an ovarian neoplasm by history and physical examination were recruited from January to October 2017. Ultrasound was requested to further characterize the mass. Sassone scoring and ADNEX Model were applied and computed based on the sonologic fi ndings to differentiate whether the ovarian neoplasm was benign or malignant. The gold standard was the histopathologic examination of the mass after surgery. Results: There was no signifi cant difference in the accuracy of Sassone Scoring and ADNEX model in pre-operatively differentiating benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm with 88% and 89% accuracy rate, respectively. Sassone scoring has a sensitivity of 62.5% and specifi city of 91.67% while ADNEX has a sensitivity and specifi city of 37.5% and 96.67%, respectively Conclusion There is no signifi cant difference in using SASSONE and ADNEX model in differentiating benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm prior to surgery. Both may be used as an ultrasound scoring system for predicting ovarian malignancy. However, in cases of suspicious tumors, ADNEX model is more useful in discriminating the type and stage of malignancy.
Ovarian Neoplasms ; Mass Screening