42 samples of serum of Rattus novergicus in Ha Nam province were tested for Hantaan virus by ELISA and IFA methods. Results: 4/42 samples (9.25%) had anti-bodies against Hantaan virus. With IFA method, 2/4 samples were confirmed again. It is necessary to supervise serum of people in community and unknown fever
Hantavirus ; Rodentia ; serum

No abstract available.
Dopaminergic Neurons* ; Retina* ; Rodentia*

Highly reproducible and consistent ischemic stroke models are critical for obtaining more confident data. To date, the infarct variation of several ischemic rat models is considerable. Therefore, many factors related to outcome variation and infarct growth must be controlled. Among various infarct models of rodents, intraluminal filament model is common by virtue of its consistency of the success rate and the outcomes. Recently more long-term evaluation of functional and imaging outcomes is considered in terms of clinical practice. Concise and subsequent outcome assessment could result in the improvement of translational stroke research. We recommend that the researchers should remember the guidelines addressed by the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) and the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP).
Animals ; Rats ; Rodentia ; Stroke ; Virtues

Some enzymes of key in the metablism of red blood cell in human, rabbit and rat were studied. In these subjects, glucose, 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldolase, pyruvat kinase, methemoglobin activities were particulary but associated with one to other. In human red blood cell, G6PD, ALD, PK and MHR were 4.84  0.94; 65.58  31.60; 226.14  47.29 and 3.27  0.52 respectively. In rabbit, they were 7.61  00.4; 79.77  43.5; 164.62  61.9; 5.25  1.09, respectively and in rat: 23.17  2.18; 89.73  18.0; 49.9 30.23 and 3.9  0.58, respectively.
Enzymes ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Rodentia

p11 protein (S100A10) is downregulated in depressive-like states of human and rodent. Antidepressant drug treatment increases p11 levels in rodent models. We reviewed studies demonstrating that p11 levels are regulated in depression and by antidepressant treatment and that p11 upregulation exerts antidepressant effects. Current studies on p11 underscore the importance of p11 as a potential antidepressant target.
Depression* ; Humans ; Rodentia ; Up-Regulation

No abstract available.
Rodentia ; Selenium ; Selenium Compounds ; Transplantation, Heterologous

While circadian rhythms in fluid intake, urine production, and urine storage have been substantiated in diurnal human and nocturnal rodents, the mechanism(s) underlying it is largely unknown. With the elucidations of molecular clockwork and its functional significance in mammals, new opportunities arise to investigate possible circadian control of voiding function and dysfunction, which undoubtedly needs immediate attentions of researchers in the field.
Attention ; Circadian Rhythm ; Humans ; Mammals ; Rodentia

No abstract available.
Female ; Granulosa Cells* ; Interferon-alpha* ; Rodentia*

Two-signal models are useful in explaining various types of immune responses. In particular, secondary, so-called costimulatory, signals are critically required for the process of T-cell activation, survival, differentiation, and memory formation. Early studies in rodent models showed that targeting T-cell costimulatory pathways elicits immunological tolerance, providing a basis for development of costimulatory therapeutics in allograft rejection. However, as the classic definition of T-cell costimulation continues to evolve, simple blockade of costimulatory pathways has limitations in prevention of allograft rejection. Furthermore, functions of costimulatory molecules are much more diverse than initially anticipated and beyond T cells. In this mini-review, we will discuss CD137-CD137L bidirectional signals as examples showing that two-signals can be applicable to multiple phases of immune responses.
Adaptive Immunity* ; Allografts* ; Memory ; Rodentia ; T-Lymphocytes

Hypothermia is considered a useful intervention for limiting pathophysiological changes after brain injury. Local hypothermia is a relatively safe and convenient intervention that circumvents many of the complications associated with systemic hypothermia. However, successful hypothermia treatment requires careful consideration of several factors including its practicality, feasibility, and associated risks. Here, we review the protective effects-and the cellular mechanisms that underlie them-of delayed and prolonged local hypothermia in rodent and canine brain injury models. The data show that the protective effects of therapeutic hypothermia, which mainly result from the modulation of inflammatory glial dynamics, are limited. We argue that decompressive craniectomy can be used to overcome the limitations of local brain hypothermia without causing histological abnormalities or other detrimental effects to the cooled area. Therefore, delayed and prolonged local brain hypothermia at the site of craniectomy is a promising intervention that may prove effective in the clinical setting.
Astrocytes ; Brain Injuries ; Brain* ; Decompressive Craniectomy* ; Hypothermia* ; Microglia ; Rodentia ; Stroke