42 samples of serum of Rattus novergicus in Ha Nam province were tested for Hantaan virus by ELISA and IFA methods. Results: 4/42 samples (9.25%) had anti-bodies against Hantaan virus. With IFA method, 2/4 samples were confirmed again. It is necessary to supervise serum of people in community and unknown fever
Hantavirus ; Rodentia ; serum

No abstract available.
Dopaminergic Neurons* ; Retina* ; Rodentia*

Some enzymes of key in the metablism of red blood cell in human, rabbit and rat were studied. In these subjects, glucose, 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldolase, pyruvat kinase, methemoglobin activities were particulary but associated with one to other. In human red blood cell, G6PD, ALD, PK and MHR were 4.84  0.94; 65.58  31.60; 226.14  47.29 and 3.27  0.52 respectively. In rabbit, they were 7.61  00.4; 79.77  43.5; 164.62  61.9; 5.25  1.09, respectively and in rat: 23.17  2.18; 89.73  18.0; 49.9 30.23 and 3.9  0.58, respectively.
Enzymes ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Rodentia

Highly reproducible and consistent ischemic stroke models are critical for obtaining more confident data. To date, the infarct variation of several ischemic rat models is considerable. Therefore, many factors related to outcome variation and infarct growth must be controlled. Among various infarct models of rodents, intraluminal filament model is common by virtue of its consistency of the success rate and the outcomes. Recently more long-term evaluation of functional and imaging outcomes is considered in terms of clinical practice. Concise and subsequent outcome assessment could result in the improvement of translational stroke research. We recommend that the researchers should remember the guidelines addressed by the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) and the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP).
Animals ; Rats ; Rodentia ; Stroke ; Virtues

p11 protein (S100A10) is downregulated in depressive-like states of human and rodent. Antidepressant drug treatment increases p11 levels in rodent models. We reviewed studies demonstrating that p11 levels are regulated in depression and by antidepressant treatment and that p11 upregulation exerts antidepressant effects. Current studies on p11 underscore the importance of p11 as a potential antidepressant target.
Depression* ; Humans ; Rodentia ; Up-Regulation

Two-signal models are useful in explaining various types of immune responses. In particular, secondary, so-called costimulatory, signals are critically required for the process of T-cell activation, survival, differentiation, and memory formation. Early studies in rodent models showed that targeting T-cell costimulatory pathways elicits immunological tolerance, providing a basis for development of costimulatory therapeutics in allograft rejection. However, as the classic definition of T-cell costimulation continues to evolve, simple blockade of costimulatory pathways has limitations in prevention of allograft rejection. Furthermore, functions of costimulatory molecules are much more diverse than initially anticipated and beyond T cells. In this mini-review, we will discuss CD137-CD137L bidirectional signals as examples showing that two-signals can be applicable to multiple phases of immune responses.
Adaptive Immunity* ; Allografts* ; Memory ; Rodentia ; T-Lymphocytes

No abstract available.
Rodentia ; Selenium ; Selenium Compounds ; Transplantation, Heterologous

While circadian rhythms in fluid intake, urine production, and urine storage have been substantiated in diurnal human and nocturnal rodents, the mechanism(s) underlying it is largely unknown. With the elucidations of molecular clockwork and its functional significance in mammals, new opportunities arise to investigate possible circadian control of voiding function and dysfunction, which undoubtedly needs immediate attentions of researchers in the field.
Attention ; Circadian Rhythm ; Humans ; Mammals ; Rodentia

No abstract available.
Female ; Granulosa Cells* ; Interferon-alpha* ; Rodentia*

Food deprivation can affect performance on difficult cognitive task, such as the delayed nonmatch-to-place T-maze task (DNMT). The importance of food deprivation on maintaining high motivation for DNMT task has been emphasized, but not many studies have investigated the optimal conditions for depriving rodents to maximize performance. Establishing appropriate conditions for food deprivation is necessary to maintain DNMT task motivation. We applied different conditions of food deprivation (1-h food restriction vs. 1.5-g food restriction; single caging vs. group caging) and measured body weight and the number of correct choices that 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice made during the DNMT task. The 1.5-g food restriction group maintained 76.0+/-0.6% of their initial body weight, but the final body weight of the 1-h food restriction condition group was reduced to 62.2+/-0.8% of their initial body weight. These results propose that 1.5-g food restriction condition is effective condition for maintaining both body weight and motivation to complete the DNMT task.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Food Deprivation ; Mice ; Motivation ; Rodentia