1.Macrophages, myofibroblasts and mast cells in a rat liver infected with Capillaria hepatica.
Won Il JEONG ; Sun Hee DO ; Il Hwa HONG ; Ae Ri JI ; Jin Kyu PARK ; Mi Ran KI ; Seung Chun PARK ; Kyu Shik JEONG
Journal of Veterinary Science 2008;9(2):211-213
We trapped a rat (Rattus norvegicus) infected with Capillaria hepatica. At necropsy, grossly yellowish-white nodules (2-3 mm in diameter) were noted to be scattered on the liver's surface. Microscopically, granulomatous and fibrotic nodules that contained the eggs and/or adult worms of Capillaria hepatica were detected in the liver. Septal fibrosis was diffusely formed throughout the liver. There were a number of ED1-positive macrophages located in the sinusoids of the pseudolobules. On the double staining, myofibroblasts and mast cells were generally observed within the fibrous septa with the mast cells in close proximity to the myofibroblasts. We suggest that the interactions between macrophages, myofibroblasts and mast cells play a role in the septal fibrosis observed in rats infected by Capillaria hepatica.
Animals
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*Capillaria
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Enoplida Infections/immunology/parasitology/*veterinary
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Fibroblasts/immunology
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Liver/parasitology/pathology
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Macrophages/immunology
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Mast Cells/immunology
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Rats
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Rodent Diseases/*immunology/*parasitology/pathology
2.Immune Responses of Mice Intraduodenally Infected with Toxoplasma gondii KI-1 Tachyzoites.
Eun Hee SHIN ; Yeoun Sook CHUN ; Won Hee KIM ; Jae Lip KIM ; Kyoung Ho PYO ; Jong Yil CHAI
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2011;49(2):115-123
Toxoplasma gondii Korean isolate (KI-1) tachyzoites were inoculated intraduodenally to BALB/c mice using a silicon tube, and the course of infection and immune responses of mice were studied. Whereas control mice, that were infected intraperitoneally, died within day 7 post-infection (PI), the intraduodenally infected mice survived until day 9 PI (infection with 1x10(5) tachyzoites) or day 11 PI (with 1x10(6) tachyzoites). Based on histopathologic (Giemsa stain) and PCR (B1 gene) studies, it was suggested that tachyzoites, after entering the small intestine, invaded into endothelial cells, divided there, and propagated to other organs. PCR appeared to be more sensitive than histopathology to detect infected organs and tissues. The organisms spread over multiple organs by day 6 PI. However, proliferative responses of splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells in response to con A or Toxoplasma lysate antigen decreased significantly, suggesting immunosuppression. Splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes showed decreases in number until day 9 PI, whereas IFN-gamma and IL-10 decreased slightly at day 6 PI and returned to normal levels by day 9 PI. No TNF-alpha was detected throughout the experimental period. The results showed that intraduodenal infection with KI-1 tachyzoites was successful but did not elicit significant mucosal immunity in mice and allowed dissemination of T. gondii organisms to systemic organs. The immunosuppression of mice included reduced lymphoproliferative responses to splenocytes and MLN cells to mitogen and low production of cytokines, such as IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-10, in response to T. gondii infection.
Animals
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Cell Proliferation
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Cytokines/secretion
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Disease Models, Animal
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Duodenum/immunology/parasitology/pathology
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Endothelial Cells/parasitology
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Histocytochemistry
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Immune Tolerance
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Lymph Nodes/immunology
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Rodent Diseases/immunology/parasitology/pathology
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
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Toxoplasma/*immunology/pathogenicity
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Toxoplasmosis, Animal/*immunology/parasitology/pathology