Objective To discuss the effect of C?reactive protein(CRP) levels in pregnant women with gestational metabolic syndrome ( GMS ) , and to analyze the risk factors of GMS. Methods Seventy pregnant women with GMS received regular check and hospital delivery in Yuebei People’ s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University from May 2012 to May 2015 were selected as study group,and 100 normal pregnant women as control group. Information regarding age,gestational weeks,admission blood pressure,height and body mass index( BMI) before pregnancy was recorded. Biochemical indicators including C?reactive protein ( CRP ) , fasting plasma glu?cose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL?C),high density lipoprotein ( HDL?C) were tested. The correlation between CRP and GMS was calculated and the risk factors of GMS were analyzed. According to CRP levels,all pregnant women were divided into four groups to based on quartile method subjects, and the relationship of CRP levels and the incidence of GMS were evaluated between four groups. Results ( 1) The age,pre?pregnancy BMI,baseline blood pressure of GMS group were higher,gestation?al weeks was smaller than the control group(P<0. 05). (2)The CRP,FPG,TC,TG,LDL?C of women with GMS were higher than those of normal women((12. 6±32. 9) mg/L vs. (0. 39±0. 37) mg/L,(6. 04±1. 73) mmol/L vs. (4. 64±0. 29) mmol/L,(6. 77±2. 68) mmol/L vs. (4. 49±0. 57) mmol/L,(4. 54±2. 84) mmol/L vs. (2. 56±0. 90) mmol/L,(3. 69±1. 25) mmol/L vs. (2. 65±0. 51) mmol/L),and the differences were statistical?ly significant( t=2. 21,6. 72,6. 97,5. 63,6. 61;P<0. 05) ,while there was no significant difference about HDL?C level between the two groups(P>0. 05). (3)Multiple regression analysis showed that the risk factors of GMS were age,pre?pregnancy BMI,CRP,TG and TC(OR 1. 530(1. 095?2. 136),18. 427(4. 402?77. 142),4. 917 (1. 928?12. 537),2. 665(1. 379?5. 149),4. 114(2. 304?7. 348),P<0. 01),BMI and TC were the significant risk factors of GMS( P=0. 000) ,while the gestational weeks,LDL?C seemed to had less importance in identifying GMS(P>0. 05). (4)According to CRP levels,the incidence rate of GMS was 20. 69%,42. 67%,56. 06% and 72. 00%(χ2=15. 28,P=0. 002) . When CRP≥20. 0 mg/L,the incidence rate of GMS was significantly higher than the other three groups, and there were statistically differences between different groups ( P<0. 01 ) . Conclusion There are pre pregnancy overweight and / or obesity,abnormal glucose metabolism,blood pres?sure,lipid metabolism disorders such as multiple metabolic abnormalities aggregation in pregnant women with GMS. BMI and TC are the significantly risk factors for GMS. The gestational weeks,HDL?C and LDL?C have less importance in identifying GMS. The blood serum CRP is closely related to GMS and involved in the pathogenesis of GMS. THe increase of CRP level is one of the important signs of the onset and progression of GMS.