Riboflavin is a constituent of coenzyme, FMN, FAD and its content varies according to the physiological and nutritional status. However, the measurement of its content is so disputable that a new technique to determine its content has been developed, done by determination of glutathione reductase activity in red blood cell hemolysate. With this technique, the effect of various anesthetic agents (ether, halothane, tetracaine) upon riboflavin metabolism has been studied by the authors. In conclusion, the effects of anesthetics upon riboflavin metabolism are insignificant.
Anesthetics ; Erythrocytes* ; Flavin Mononucleotide ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide ; Glutathione Reductase ; Glutathione* ; Halothane ; Metabolism ; Nutritional Status ; Riboflavin

Flavoproteins are proteins that contain a nucleic acid derivative of riboflavin: flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or flavin mononucleotide (FMN). Flavoproteins are involved in a wide array of biological processes, such as photosynthesis, DNA repair and natural product biosynthesis. It should be noted that 5%-10% of flavoproteins have a covalently linked flavin prosthetic group. Such covalent linkages benefit the holoenzyme in several ways including improving the stability and catalytic potency. During the past decade, significant progress has been made in covalent flavoproteins, especially with respect to enzyme-dependent biogenesis and discovery of novel linkage types. The present review gives a condensed overview of investigations published from March 2009 to December 2021, with emphasis on the discovery, biogenesis and their catalytic role in natural product biosynthesis.
Flavoproteins/metabolism* ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide/metabolism* ; Flavin Mononucleotide/metabolism* ; Riboflavin ; Biological Products

Riboflavin in unstable in light and has a maximum absorption at 450nm. A study was designed to determine whether riboflavin deficiency developed in neonate who received phototherapy with eight day light bulbs for hyperbilirubinemia and to get normal value of activity coefficient of erythrocyte glutathione reductase in neonate. Twenty-seven infants who received phototherapy were investigated. Thirth-eight normal infants without phototherapy served as controls. All the infants of the two groups were fed artificially and then dialy riboflavin intake in each was more than 0.3mg. Riboflavin was determined from the degree of flavin adenine dinucleotide saturation of erythrocyte glutathione reductase, a method shown to reflect riboflavin nutritional status on the neonates. This is expressed as the activity coefficient. The mean activity coefficient of erythrocyte glutathione reductase in control group was 1.15+/-0.16. In phototherapy group, mean activity coefficient of just prior to the initiation and just after cessation of phototherapy were similar with the mean activity coefficient of control group and there was no significant increment of activity coefficient after phototherapy. There was no significant difference between the changes of activity coefficient according to light intensity. And also there was no significnat difference between the changes of activity coefficient according to duration of phototherapy and according to total phototherapeuti cdose.
Absorption ; Erythrocytes ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide ; Glutathione Reductase ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Nutritional Status ; Phototherapy* ; Reference Values ; Riboflavin Deficiency ; Riboflavin*

Riboflavin in unstable in light and has a maximum absorption at 450nm. A study was designed to determine whether riboflavin deficiency developed in neonate who received phototherapy with eight day light bulbs for hyperbilirubinemia and to get normal value of activity coefficient of erythrocyte glutathione reductase in neonate. Twenty-seven infants who received phototherapy were investigated. Thirth-eight normal infants without phototherapy served as controls. All the infants of the two groups were fed artificially and then dialy riboflavin intake in each was more than 0.3mg. Riboflavin was determined from the degree of flavin adenine dinucleotide saturation of erythrocyte glutathione reductase, a method shown to reflect riboflavin nutritional status on the neonates. This is expressed as the activity coefficient. The mean activity coefficient of erythrocyte glutathione reductase in control group was 1.15+/-0.16. In phototherapy group, mean activity coefficient of just prior to the initiation and just after cessation of phototherapy were similar with the mean activity coefficient of control group and there was no significant increment of activity coefficient after phototherapy. There was no significant difference between the changes of activity coefficient according to light intensity. And also there was no significnat difference between the changes of activity coefficient according to duration of phototherapy and according to total phototherapeuti cdose.
Absorption ; Erythrocytes ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide ; Glutathione Reductase ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Nutritional Status ; Phototherapy* ; Reference Values ; Riboflavin Deficiency ; Riboflavin*

Lipid storage myopathy （LSM） is a lipid metabolic disorder characterized by excessive lipid droplet accumulation in muscle fibers. Classic multiple Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency （MADD）， also known as glutaric aciduria type Ⅱ， is a disease with various clinical manifestations caused by mutations in electron transfer flavoprotein （ETF） and ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase. In recent years， a large amount of evidence has shown that classic late-onset MADD caused by mutations in the electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase gene is the main cause of LSM. Besides classic MADD， many other diseases with similar changes in blood acylcarnitines and urinary organic acids can also cause LSM， and such diseases are call MADD-like disorders or MADD spectrum. This article reviews the clinical， pathological， biochemical， and molecular features of LSM with various etiologies and the latest advances in treatment， with a focus on the latest findings associated with MADD spectrum.
Riboflavin

Elevated maternal plasma homocysteine concentrations have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Serum homocysteine levels may be affected by the MTHFR genotypes and the nutritional status of B vitamins including vitamin B2, B6, folate and vitamin B12. We investigated whether postnatal growth measurements were influenced by maternal MTHFR genotypes and their mid-pregnancy serum vitamin B and homocysteine levels. In 130 pregnant women of 24 -28 wks of gestation, the MTHFR genotypes, serum B vitamins and homocysteine concentrations were analyzed. Physical growth status was assessed in their offsprings by measuring height, weight, and head and chest circumferences from birth up to 24 months. Serum homocysteine levels were higher in the subjects with T/T genotype than those with the C/T or C/C. Heights and head and chest circumferences of offsprings from the T/T mothers were significantly lower than those from the C/C or C/T mothers only when the serum homocysteine levels were above the median. The mean height of offsprings from the T/T mothers was significantly lower than those from the C/C and C/T mothers. The mean weight and head circumferences of offsprings born from the mothers whose mid-term pregnancy PLP levels were in the lowest quartile was significantly lower than those from mothers in the highest quartile. Heights and head circumferences of offsprings from the T/T mothers were significantly lower than those from the C/C or C/T mothers only when the serum FAD levels were in the lowest quartile. These results suggest that postnatal growth up to 24 months may be influenced by the maternal C677T MTHFR genotypes, and mid-pregnancy serum homocysteine and vitamin B status.
Female ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide ; Folic Acid ; Genotype* ; Head ; Homocysteine* ; Humans ; Mothers ; Nutritional Status ; Oxidoreductases* ; Parturition ; Plasma ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnant Women ; Riboflavin ; Thorax ; Vitamin B 12 ; Vitamin B 6 ; Vitamin B Complex ; Vitamins*

Preliminary application of fluorescerin spectrum to analyze riboflavine in Aphavita filmed tablet. Aphavita was a combination of vitamins B1, B6, B5, PP and adjuvants. Basing on the fluorescein property of ribofleavine, which depends on pH of tested media, the product was quantified. The qualitification showed the line criterion, the repeatation and the accuracy
Riboflavin ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Tablets

Focal acantholytic dyskeratosis (FAD) was introduced by Ackerman to describe a group of clinically various dermatologic conditions having a similar histologic appearance. The characteristic histologic findings included (1) suprabasilar clefts around preserved papillae, (2) acantholytic and dyskeratotic cells at all levels of the epidermis, and (3) hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. Almost solitary lesions of FAD are histologically incidental or clinically nodular(warty dyskeratoma). The papular form of solitary FAD is an extremely rare condition identified by the reviewing of specimens or reported as a solitary lesion developing in the mouth. We report a case of focal acantholytic dyskeratosis presenting as a solitary papule on the perianal area.
Epidermis ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide ; Mouth ; Parakeratosis

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Phototherapy* ; Riboflavin*

Cornea ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Iontophoresis ; Riboflavin