Objective To compare the diagnosis results of endemic skeletal fluorosis from clinical and X-rays examinations, in order to provide the foundation for revising clinical diagnostic standard of endemic skeletal fluorosis. Methods The 675 inhabitants aged 16 to 60 years old were retrospectively chosen as subjects in 15 villages drinking un-improved water, where they lived for 10 years or more. Drinking water fluoride were rated as 0.5,1.0, 1.5,2.0,2.2,2.4,3.0,3.5,4.0,6.0,7.0 mg/L levels in Qianan and Nongan County of Jilin Province. The clinical and X-rays results of endemic skeletal fluorosis were analyzed and compared at different drinking water fluoride levels. Results The clinically detectable rates of endemic skeletal fluorosis(21.43%,22.45% ,21.28%, 19.05%, 38.89%) were higher than that of X-rays(0,2.04%,0,4.76%, 12.96%, X2=7.96,9.49,11.19,4.08,9.45, P<0.05) when fluoride content of drinking water was 2.0,2.2,2.4,3.0,4.0 mg/L. X-rays detective rates were 0 at water fluorides levels of 2.0,2.4 mg/L and still low at water fluoride levels of 3.0,4.0 mg,/L. The difference of detective rates of endemic skeletal fluorosis between the clinical (1.00%,4.44%, 7.23%, 18.00%, 54.39%, 49.18%) and X-rays (0,2.22%, 3.61%, 8.00%, 36.84%, 52.46%) were not statistically significant at water fluorides levels of 0.5,1.0,1.5,3.5,6.0,7.0 mg/L(X2=1.00,0.17,0.47,2.21,3.54,0.13, P>0.05). Conclusions The detectable rates of skeletal fluorosis increase with the increased concentration of water fluoride, which is more reliable for clinical examination than for X-rays method.

Objective To adopt a three-dimensional limited element analytic method to research into the cause and mechanism of the complications taking place after resection of head radius.Method To adopt a three-dimensional limited element analytic method to research into the stress transmission action of the head radi-us and the distribution alteration of the stress transmission after resection of head radius impacting on the stability of elbow and wrist.Result In normal cases,the stress value transmitted via head of radius takes 58% of the stress placed,36.85% via humeroulnar joint.The head of radius places a leading role in the stress transmission of the elbow joint.After rasection of the head of radius,the lateral of humeroulnar joint bears about 43% of the stress placed while the medial part bears about 21.6% of the stress.To compare with that before the resection of the head of radius the stress on the lateral is obviously increased more than the medial part.Conclusions The head of radius places a leading role in the stress transm ission of the el-bow joint.The resection of the head radius breaks the normal distribution of the stress on the elbow joint and produces great effect on the stability of the elbow joint and wrist joint.Therefore,in clinics we should pay great attention to the indication of rasection of the head of radius.

Objective To adopt a three-dimensional limited element analytic method to research into the cause and mechanism of the complications taking place after resection of head radius.Method To adopt a three-dimensional limited element analytic method to research into the stress transmission action of the head radi-us and the distribution alteration of the stress transmission after resection of head radius impacting on the stability of elbow and wrist.Result In normal cases,the stress value transmitted via head of radius takes 58% of the stress placed,36.85% via humeroulnar joint.The head of radius places a leading role in the stress transmission of the elbow joint.After rasection of the head of radius,the lateral of humeroulnar joint bears about 43% of the stress placed while the medial part bears about 21.6% of the stress.To compare with that before the resection of the head of radius the stress on the lateral is obviously increased more than the medial part.Conclusions The head of radius places a leading role in the stress transm ission of the el-bow joint.The resection of the head radius breaks the normal distribution of the stress on the elbow joint and produces great effect on the stability of the elbow joint and wrist joint.Therefore,in clinics we should pay great attention to the indication of rasection of the head of radius.

OBJECTIVETo establish the three-dimensional finite element model of calcaneus, and to discuss mechanism of calcaneal fracture.

METHODSThe calcaneus of normal person was scanned with spinal CT, and the finite element model was established with the Sap 93 software. The node and element number of this model was 1 959 and 1 496 respectively. After establishing the finite element model of the calcaneus, the axial load of 500 N was applied on the model in neutral position and back stretches 20 degree position. The stress distribution and the displacement of the models were observed.

RESULTSThe fracture line passed through the lateral articular facet of talocalcaneal joint when the ankle joint was in neutral position, and the stress distribution was maximal at calcaneus from posteromedial to anterolateral aspect. In addition, the stress distribution was maximal from calcaneus to position between posterior talar articular surface and calcaneal tendon when the ankle joint was in back stretch position of 20 degree.

CONCLUSIONWhen falling down, the fracture line will pass through the facet of talocalcaneal joint from lateral to posteromedial side if the ankle joint was in neutral position; and the line will through pass the calcaneus body to post spinula joint, as well as avulsion fracture of calcaneal tendon occurred if the ankle joint was in back stretch position of 20 degree.

Adult ; Calcaneus ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Finite Element Analysis ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of tissue-engineered skin loaded with keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) nanocapsules for skin defect on athymic mice.

METHODSThe acellular dermal matrix (ADM) loaded with KGF-ADM was constructed by means of phacoemulsification solvent evaporation and low temperature drying. The human epidermal stem cells and fibroblasts were captured and identified, then cultivated on the surface of the KGF-ADM. The cell growth was observed. The tissue-engineered skin without KGF was used as sham group. The autogenous skin graft was used as control group. 2 and 6 weeks after the skin was transplanted to the back of athymic mice, the contraction and histological healing of the transplanted skins were observed respectively. Then the immunofluorescence examination with anti-human K10-FITC and beta1-integrin-Cy3 were applied to detect the origin, growth and differentiation of epidermal and dermal cells in tissue-engineered skin.

RESULTSThe epidermal stem cells grew well and attached tightly on KGF-ADM. There were small round stem cells and polygonal terminally-differentiated cells, which appeared a partly cloning growth and a tendency of merging. The tissue-engineered skin with KGF nanocapsules gained better result in repairing the skin defects as compared with the blank group and the control group 2 and 6 weeks after transplantation. The regenerative skin cells could connect and mix closely with the athymic mouse skin cells on the border of skin defect. Meanwhile, the regenerative skin existed some contraction. The histological observation with HE staining showed that the regenerative skin possessed intact epidermis with several cell layers and normal keratose stratum, among which there were still some beta1-integrin (+) cells which represented epidermal stem cells or transient amplifying cells when they were tested by immunofluorescence after 6 weeks of transplantation.

CONCLUSIONSThe tissue-engineered skin loaded with KGF nanocapsules had a better result in repairing athymic mice skin defects than common tissue-engineered skin without KGF nanocapsules or skin auto-graft.

Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; Dermis ; cytology ; Epidermis ; cytology ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Nanocapsules ; Skin ; cytology ; injuries ; Skin Transplantation ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds

1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) is an important material for chemical industry, therefore, there is much interest in the production of 1,3-PD. The gene dhaT encoding 1, 3-propanediol dehydrogenase ( PDOR) of Citrobacter freundii was amplified by PCR. Sequence analysis of the similarity at the nucleotide and amino acid level between the gene encoding C. freundii PDOR and that of C. freundii ( U09771 ) were 78% and 90% , respectively. The recombinant plasmid pSE-dhaT was constructed by inserting dhaT gene into expression vector pSE380 and then transformed E. coli JM109. The recombinant strain was induced by IPTG to express dhaT. Further more the recombinant enzyme was purifed from recombinant E. coli by Ni-nitrilotriacetate affinity chromatography followed by Sephacral S-300 gel filtration. A single obvious protein about 42kDa could be obtained by the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of recombinant enzyme. The purified enzyme was used to determined enzyme property on the substrate of propionaldehyde and 1, 3-PD. The optimal temperature and optimal pH of the purified enzyme were 37℃, 8.0 for reduction and 25℃, 10. 5 for oxidation, respectively; and the kinetic property of PDOR about Km and V max were 10. 05mmol/L, 37. 27?mol/min/mg for propionaldehyde and 1. 28mmol/L, 25. 55?mol/min/mg for 1,3-PD, respectively; The deduced dhaT gene product (388 amino acids) showed a specific reduction activity of 49. 50U/mg and oxidation activity of 79. 92U/ mg. There also have a putative iron-binding motif ( G-XX-H-X-X-A-H-X-X-G-X-X-X-X-X-P-H-G) as a fingerprint pattern in the recombinant enzyme, the motif is fully conserved among these 1, 3-propanediol dehydrogenase. It is beneficial to the researches of high producing 1, 3-propanediol by gene engineering strain.

Aim To assess the value of the administration of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) during sinus rhythm for noninvasive diagnosis of AV node dual pathways(AVNDP) and abolition or modification of the slow pathway (SP) after radiofrequency(RFCA) in patients with inducible sustained AVNRT. Methods Incremental doses of ATP were intravenously administrated during sinus rhythm to patients with spontaneous or inducible sustained AVNRT(study group, n=45)and to patients with no evidence of AVNDP or inducible AVNRT (control group, n=37) until ECG signs of AVNDP( 50 ms increase or decrease in P-R interval in two consecutive beats, or occurrence of AVNRT) or second-degree AV block were observed. Results Four patients (two in study patients and two in control patients) could not complete the trial and were excluded from analysis. AVNDP was observed by ATP in 36(84%) study patients, whereas it was diagnosed by electrophysiology criteria in 38(88%) patients. AVNDP was observed only in 1(3%) control patient. AVNDP by ATP test was disappeared in 18(90%) of 20 patients who underwent SP abolition and in 3(38%) of 8 patients who underwent SP modification. Conclusion ATP test during sinus rhythm enables noninvasive diagnosis of AVNDP in a high percentage of patients with inducible AVNRT and reliably confirms the results of RFCA of the SP.

The academic thought of professor - on "no allergy without any deficiency" was explored. Theory and the clinical application were elaborated on allergic diseases treated with heat-sensitive moxibustion. It is believed that the critical pathogenesis of allergic diseases is deficiency, particularly the deficiency of the lung, the spleen and the kidney. The invasion of exogenous factors or the disturbance of the retained pathogens in the body may induce allergy. Regarding the therapeutic method, the warming method is applicable for the deficiency and the heat-sensitization counteracts allergy. The sensitized points are detected in accordance with the two-step location method and they are stimulated with the suspended moxibustion. The feeling of heat-sensitive moxibustion is a sign of activation of endogenous regulatory function in the human body. It is a kind of external therapy for the internal disorders, directly acting on the pathogenesis, strengthening the antipathogenic and removing the allergic factors. This therapy is a new endogenous anti-allergic approach.

The original connotation of in () was explored to provide the reference for the clinical application of moxibustion. The relevant items of the original definition of in were traced aligning with the achievements in the clinical researches on the heat-sensitive phenomena and its rule, and thus, the characteristics of in moxibustion and its inducing approaches were analyzed. A new viewpoint of the connotation of in was put forward. It is believed that is not only a somatic response to acupuncture, but also a kind of comfortable mental-physical reaction related to curative effect. On this basis, it was discussed that moxibustion on heat-sensitive acupoints could induce which conforms to the original definition described in . Additionally, the method of moxibustion for stimulating , the screening of the items on in moxibustion as well as the preliminary evaluation were introduced in the paper. It is suggested that the in moxibustion is the comprehensive responses of the mental-physical-curative effect.
Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Moxibustion

This study was purposed to construct a vector containing human suppressor gene p53 and p16, and to investigate their expression and effect on K562 and HL-60 cells. pBudCE4.1-53-16 is a vector designed for simultaneous expression of human suppressor gene p53 and p16 in mammalian cell line. After transfection into K562 cells with lipofectamine(TM) 2000, the expression of p53 and p16 genes was detected by Western blot and immunocytochemical method. The growth curve, apoptosis, cell cycle were assayed by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. The results showed that the recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-53-16 was constructed successfully and were verified by PCR and restriction analysis. The expression of P53 and P16 protein could be detected after transfection into leukemia cells (K562 and HL-60) for 48 hours. As compared with control group, the cell proliferation in experimental group was inhibited, the cells were arrested in G0 phase and apoptotic cells increased (p<0.001). It is concluded that the recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-53-16 has been established. p16 and p53 in the recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-53-16 synchronously express in leukemic cells after transfection in vitro for 2 days and results in reduced proliferation, G0 arrest and apoptosis increase.
Apoptosis ; genetics ; Cell Cycle ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genes, p53 ; Genetic Vectors ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Plasmids ; Transfection