A study was made on 50 cases of epileptic children who had been observed at the pediatric department of Chungnam National University Hospital Taejeon Eul Ji Hospital during the period from July, 1986 to June, 1991. The result are as follows: 1) Epilepsy was most frequent in children from 1 year to 10 year of age (80%). Epilepsy was commoner in female children compare to male representing male to female ratio, 1:1.2. 2) Intractable cases with VPA were 40%, and male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Intractable cases were most common between 1 and 5 years (65%). 3) The most common epileptic type was generalized tonic clonic seizure (38%). 4) The clinical effect of valproic acid was the worst in severely abnormal EEG finding. 5) The mean plasma VPA level was significantly lower for the polytherapy (57.7microgram/ml) than for the monotherapy (69.5microgram/ml). The VPA dose of steady-state was significantly higher for polytherapy (27.9mg/kg/d) than for the monotherapy (20.9mg/kg/d). VPA level: dose ratio was reduced in the polytherapy (2.1) as compared to monotherapy (3.3). 6) The plasma VPA level increased according to dosage. In the same dose, plasma level of monotherapy was significantly higher than polytherapy. 7) The VPA dose of stead-state was highest under 1 year (monotherapy: 24.8mg/kg/day, polytherapy: 33.4mg/kg/day). The VPA dose decreased in accordance with an increase of the age. 8) There was no correlation between EEG change and plasma concentration of VPA. 9) There was linear correlation between clinical affect and plasma VPA level, and plasma concentration of VPA reached 51 to 100microgram/ml at that time. 10) The clinical effect was good in abscence seizure, simple partial seizure, myoclonic seizure, and generalized tonic clonic seizure in decreasing order. 11) The incidence of side effect were gastrointestinal disturbance, behavior disorder, laboratory abnormality, neurologic abnormality in order of frequency. The frequency of overall side effects observed was 40% but toxic effects were generally mild.
Child* ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Daejeon ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Plasma ; Seizures ; Valproic Acid*

Iliff procedure was performed upon the nine ptotic eyes. The rate of success in our series was appeared to be the highest among the rex ports appeared in the literatures. Average amont of ptosis before the operation was 5.1 mm, when 10 mm of palpebral fissure is taken to be normal, and average amount of correction by the procedure was 4.4 mm, leaving average residual ptosis of 0.7 mm. In our series, there was no overcorrection and the other complications; such as entropion, lagophthalmos, granuloma of the lids, prolapse of the orbital fat and scarring of the lids. The high rate of success in our series could, the authers feel, be attributed to the simpleness of the procedure.
Cicatrix ; Entropion ; Granuloma ; Orbit ; Prolapse

The authors present a case of bilateral retinoblastoma occured in a six months old baby. The right eye, the advanced, was enucleated immediately and the left eye was treated with x-ray radiation giving 5,400r (tumor dose) in four weeks. A cataract developed in five years after the radiation therapy, which masked the pictures of the fundus and was extracted intracapsularily using alpha-chymotripsin. After the surgery, repeated funduscopy revealed no definite signs of recurrence.
Cataract ; Masks ; Recurrence ; Retinoblastoma*

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) upon angiogenesis in the rat cornea, to examine its possible application as an alternative angiogenic inducer and to provide basic data for further studies. Angiogenesis was induced by cornea micropocket assay, as previously described. Eight of thirty two eyes of Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups, namely, a non-NGF group (Group 0), a 0.5 ng of NGF group (Group 0.5), a 1.0 ng of NGF group (Group 1.0) and a 5.0 ng of NGF group (Group 5.0). Pellets made of poly-2-hydroxylethylmethacrylate and sucralfate were implanted into the corneal stroma no closer than 1 mm from the limbus. After the implantation, the number of new vessels, vessel length and circumferential neovascularization were examined daily under the surgical microscope over a period of 7 days. The area of neovascularization was determined using a mathematical formula. Although new vessels in Group 0 and Group 0.5 were first observed at day 5, those of Groups 1.0 and 5.0 were first noted on days 4 and 3, respectively. However, the growth rates of new vessels in Groups 1.0 and 5.0 were higher than those of Groups 0 and 0.5 with the passage of time. The number, length, circumferential neovascularization and areas covered by the vessels in Groups 1.0 and 5.0 were significantly more than in Group 0 and Group 0.5 (p<0.05). This study showed that NGF had a dose-dependent angiogenic effects on the rat cornea and that the minimal effective dose of NGF was 1.0 ng per cornea. Also, it showed that NGF would be useful in angiogenic studies as an alternative angiogenic inducer.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/*toxicity ; Animals ; Cornea/blood supply/*drug effects ; Corneal Neovascularization/*chemically induced ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factor/*toxicity ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Knee*

No abstract available.
Ankle* ; Arthrography* ; Collateral Ligaments*

No abstract available.

101-103 The authors have recently experienced a case of subretinal cysticercosis which simulated choroidal melanoma. Although it is benign variety, the eye was enucleated since the lesion was in the macular area and the patient was thought not to be able to gain an useful central vision after treatment. In the review of the literatures, the subretinal cysticercosis seems to occur much more frequently than the other ocular cysticercosis and it is very hard to get an exact diagnosis. The surgical removal may be difficult in procedure and the prognoses are poor in the cases of macular invorvement.
Choroid ; Cysticercosis ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Melanoma ; Prognosis

Authors experienced 100 cases of retrobulbar optic neuritis among the patients who visited the Chang Shoo Choi Eye Clinic during the last 2 years, from September 1, 1964 to August 31, 1966. The chief complaints are asthenopia, blurring vision, ocular pain, headache and photophobia. Of 100 cases, 46 cases wanted to be refracted. The corrected visual acuities are not always poor, though they are very variable from time to time as the tests are processing. The most cases revealed central relative scotomas instead of cecocentrals as previously believed. Fields are taken with glasses if corrected. In our cases, the age distribution of the patients are very interesting, the most susceptible age groups are 11~13 years.
Age Distribution ; Asthenopia ; Eyeglasses ; Glass ; Headache ; Humans ; Optic Neuritis* ; Photophobia ; Scotoma ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Nails, Malformed* ; Pachyonychia Congenita*