Nonimmune hydrops fetalis is defined as generalized edema of soft tissue in utero, with or without effusions in serous cavities, with no hematologic evidence of isoimmunization. Becases of successful prevention of Rh isoimmunization, most cases are now of the nonimmune typeWe experienced a case of hydrops fetalis at 22 weeks' of gestation, which was detectcd by antenatal ultrasoundSo, we present this case with a breif review of the literature.
Ebstein Anomaly* ; Edema ; Hydrops Fetalis* ; Pregnancy ; Rh Isoimmunization

Child ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Rh Isoimmunization ; immunology

Respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in the newborn infants is a problem of great importance, not only to the obstetrician and pediatrician but also to the anesthesiologist. RDS is a frequent result of premature birth and occasionally occurs in full term infants. The need for estimation of fetal maturity by amniocentesis is especially indicated when early termination of pregnancy is required in cases of diabetes, Rh sensitization, hypertensive, poor obstetrical history and onset of premature labor, when the decision to attempt to stop labor must be made. A Foam-stability test was performed on 54 samples of amniotic fluid to assess its practical value as a rapid method of confirming adequate surface activity in the neonatal lung. The results of the test were compared with the lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio, gestational age, birth weight and clinical RDS. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Of the 46 cases with the foam test positive, none of the new born infants developed clinical RDS and their mean L/S ration was 3.6+/-0.2. 2) All of the newborn infants with the foam test negative developed clinical RDS and their mean L/S ration was 1.5+/-0.2. 3) In 5 cases with an intermediate test, one who had L/S ration 2.0 showed mild and transient clinical RDS. 4) These results suggest that the foam test is a reliable index of neonatal lung maturity and high predictive value for RDS, when applied to uncontaminated amniotic fluid.
Amniocentesis ; Amniotic Fluid ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung* ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth ; Rh Isoimmunization

Transcervical chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed in 174 patients between 7 & 12 menstrual weeks of pregnancy opting for prenatal diagnosis. Advanced maternal age was the most common indication for CVS (39.7%). The sampling success rate was 95.4% (166/174), representing 88.9% at 7 to 8 weeks, 98.9% at 9 to 10 weeks & 92.7% at 11 to 12 weeks gestation. In 139 of 174 patients (80%), successful sampling was accomplished in one or two catheter passages only. Four spontaneous fetal losses (2.3%) occurred. The cytogenetic analysis routinely used was the direct overnight & long-term culture methods which revealed 4 abnormalities (2.4%). To date, 90 of the women have been delivered & all infants are doing well and the remaining 65 pregnancies are continuing uneventually. Maternal serum alphafetoprotein (MSAFP) concentration was determined in 72 patients immediately before & after CVS. A significant increase of 20% or more, comparable to pre CVS levels, was noted immediately after sampling in 56 of 72 patients (77.8%). The increase in MSAFP concentration correlated with the amount of villi sampled (r = 0.498, p less than 0.001) & with the number of sampling attempts (p less than 0.05). Estimated CVS related fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) ranged from 0.005 to 0.1552 ml and in 5 of 72 patients (6.90%) 0.06 ml or more of FMH was noted. Two of the 5 patients had FMH of 0.1 ml or more.
Chorionic Villi Sampling/*adverse effects ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Fetomaternal Transfusion/etiology ; Human ; Pilot Projects ; Pregnancy/*blood ; Rh Isoimmunization/etiology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; alpha-Fetoproteins/*analysis

Adult ; Coombs Test ; Emergency Treatment ; methods ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; blood ; immunology ; therapy ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Isoantibodies ; immunology ; Male ; Phototherapy ; Pregnancy ; Rh Isoimmunization ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; immunology ; Rho(D) Immune Globulin ; Treatment Outcome