No abstract available.
Gastroenterology* ; Retirement*

OBJECTIVES: The incidence rate of pneumoconiosis among retired coal miners was studied at Taebackchungang hospital. METHODS: Newly developed pneumoconiosis0=1/0) cases were gathered from films of ex-coal miners who were diagnosed as normal at the previous examination after retirement. RESULTS: 228 exminers were confirmed as normal at the previous examination after retirement. 37 ex-miners were diagnosed as pneumoconiosis (equal or greater than 1/0) at the next examination. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate was 29.5/1000 person-year. The incidence was calculated by the examined year. In 1995, 1996, 1997, the incidence rates were 104. 8, 37. 1, 14.1 per 1000 person-year respectively. There was no development of pneumoconiosis among retired coal miners who retired more than 20 years ago or who worked less than 10 years.
Coal* ; Incidence* ; Pneumoconiosis* ; Retirement

BACKGROUND: Work Ability Index (WAI) is a well-known and valid self-report tool that has been widely used in various studies to identify and avoid early retirement and work-related disability. Nevertheless, very few studies have been carried out to evaluate work ability in Iran. We aimed to investigate the WAI and the effect of work-related stress on it among Iranian workers. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study was carried out among 449 workers from five working sectors in three big cities of Iran. Work ability and work-related stress were measured using the Persian version of WAI and the Persian version of Health and Safety Executive Stress Indicator Tool. RESULTS: More than a third of the workers surveyed (34.70%) did not have an appropriate level of work ability (WAI < 37). There was a significant correlation between subscales of work-related stress and the mean score of WAI. Furthermore, the variables of body mass index, sleep quality, exercise activity, job tenure, and three subscales of work-related stress including demands, supervisor support, and role were significant predictors of WAI. CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, the interventional programs must be focused on improving supervisors support, eliminating ambiguity and conflicts in the role of workers in their job and organization, reducing job demands, improving sleep quality, and increasing exercise activity.
Body Mass Index ; Iran ; Retirement

PURPOSE: To study the frequency and aspects of ptosis in Koreans aged 50 years or older. METHODS: In this study, 377 elderly people visiting retirement center were included. Margin-reflex distance 1 (MRD1) and palpebral fissure (PF) were evaluated with an attempt to eliminate eyebrow elevation. Levator function (LF) was measured with Berke's method. If the measured MRD1 was less than 2 mm, ptosis was diagnosed and its frequency, relation to sex, age, levator function and superior deep sulcus were investigated. RESULTS: There was a correlation between decreasing MRD1, PF and LF with increasing age. Ptosis was observed in 207 subjects (54.9%), and its frequency was augmented as age increased. Although it was not statistically significant, the levator function of those with ptosis (10.0+/-1.9 mm) was lower than those without ptosis (11.3+/-1.9 mm). Questionnaires were administered and 196 respondents (51%) said that their eyelid droop had become more pronounced over time. Among these respondents, 33 (16.1%) indicated that their droopy eyelid causes discomfort by blocking their vision. Their MRD1 was 1.2+/-1.0 mm, which was significantly lower than that of the other 163 respondents (1.8+/-1.1 mm, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Koreans aged 50 years or older showed a very high frequency (54.9%) of ptosis and as age increased, the frequency of ptosis also increased. Surgical correction is recommended when the ptosis causes patient discomfort due to impaired vision.
Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Eyebrows ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Retirement

PURPOSE: To study the frequency and aspects of ptosis in Koreans aged 50 years or older. METHODS: In this study, 377 elderly people visiting retirement center were included. Margin-reflex distance 1 (MRD1) and palpebral fissure (PF) were evaluated with an attempt to eliminate eyebrow elevation. Levator function (LF) was measured with Berke's method. If the measured MRD1 was less than 2 mm, ptosis was diagnosed and its frequency, relation to sex, age, levator function and superior deep sulcus were investigated. RESULTS: There was a correlation between decreasing MRD1, PF and LF with increasing age. Ptosis was observed in 207 subjects (54.9%), and its frequency was augmented as age increased. Although it was not statistically significant, the levator function of those with ptosis (10.0+/-1.9 mm) was lower than those without ptosis (11.3+/-1.9 mm). Questionnaires were administered and 196 respondents (51%) said that their eyelid droop had become more pronounced over time. Among these respondents, 33 (16.1%) indicated that their droopy eyelid causes discomfort by blocking their vision. Their MRD1 was 1.2+/-1.0 mm, which was significantly lower than that of the other 163 respondents (1.8+/-1.1 mm, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Koreans aged 50 years or older showed a very high frequency (54.9%) of ptosis and as age increased, the frequency of ptosis also increased. Surgical correction is recommended when the ptosis causes patient discomfort due to impaired vision.
Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Eyebrows ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Retirement

In this review article, the author tried to discuss how to become old in way of being respectable and dignified aged man in 'Neo-Elderly Model' in 21st century. Accordingly family principle of traditional Korean society, a senior of goodness, and filial duty thought as being Korean faith were explained. As one sees dishonor of leadership, a true picture of elderly and respectable aged person is needed. For problem areas, future plan for elderly welfare, support, and mandatory retirement age in Korea is suggested. As mean age of population is extended and elderly with specialty is growing, activity and life style of elderly need to be changed. Finally, for 'Neo-Elderly Model', harmony between old and young can be considered, and author suggested 10 life style for Neo-elderly.
Aged ; Humans ; Korea ; Leadership ; Life Style ; Retirement

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate differences in unmet dental care needs according to employment status and if factors have relevance to unmet dental care needs due to "economic burden" and "no time to spare for visiting". METHODS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors that affected the prevalence of unmet dental care needs due to "economic burden" and "no time to spare for visiting" in an economically active population comprised of subjects aged 20-64 years. RESULTS: Compared to regular workers, part-time workers experienced 1.28-times more unmet dental care needs, while students experienced 0.64-times fewer unmet dental care needs. With regard to reasons related to "economic burden", the rate of experiencing unmet dental care needs was 1.37-times higher for part-time workers than for regular workers. Regarding reasons related to "no time to spare for visiting", the rate of experiencing unmet dental care needs was 0.51-times lower in part-time workers compared with regular workers. In economically inactive people, these values were 0.51-times lower in the unemployed, 0.37-times lower in students, 0.23-times lower in house workers, 0.20-times lower in subjects with disease and injury, and 0.20-times lower in early retirees compared to regular workers. CONCLUSIONS: Part-time workers experienced more unmet dental care needs compared with regular workers. With regard to "economic burden", a significant difference in unmet dental care needs was observed between regular workers and part-time workers. Additionally, regarding "no time to spare for visiting", people who were economically inactive because of unemployment, student or house-worker status, diseases and injury, and retirement experienced fewer unmet dental care needs compared with regular workers.
Dental Care* ; Employment* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Prevalence ; Retirement ; Unemployment

In order to promote foodservice for the elderly, foodservice managers in Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) must identify the main factors to enhance the satisfaction and behavioral intentions with food service. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between relationship quality (consisting of trust, commitment, and satisfaction) and communication in the formation of elderly's behavioral intentions with food services at CCRCs. A survey was administered to residents in two CCRCs and a total of 327 residents participated. A tested structural equation model exhibited good model fit and explanatory power of the study construct. Satisfaction directly influenced word-of-mouth and service quality has an influence on commitment. Commitment was a significant determinant of behavioral intentions to eat more often in the dining room. Also, communication showed positive association with trust. The results provided strong evidence for the importance of satisfaction and communication as a consequence of relationship marketing efforts. Suggestions for future research to better understand the elderly' behavioral intention judgments were given.
Aged ; Food Services ; Humans ; Intention ; Judgment ; Marketing ; Retirement

Objective: To explore the status quo, differences and influencing factors of health concern among the elderly in urban and rural areas. Methods: The data of China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey (CHARLS) in 2018 were used to describe the health concerns of the elderly in urban and rural areas by selecting relevant indicators. The differences of health concerns of the elderly in urban and rural areas were compared from two aspects of social demographic characteristics and health status. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the health concern of the elderly in urban and rural areas. Results: A total of 7 758 urban and rural elderly were included, including 1 913 urban elderly and 5 845 rural elderly. Half (3 899, 50.3%) of the elderly are at the average level of health concern, and there is a difference between urban and rural elderly (χ²=186.61,P<0.05). The rural and urban elderly with different characteristics had different health concerns. The rural elderly with more than two diseases had higher health concerns (χ²=13.71, P=0.001), and different living types of urban elderly people have different health concerns (χ²=28.96, P<0.001). Regression analysis showed that the health concern of the elderly in urban and rural areas was affected by many factors, gender (OR=1.51, P<0.001), health status (OR=2.18, P<0.001), cognitive function impairment (OR=2.93, P<0.001), depression (OR=0.49, P<0.001) is the main factor affecting the difference of health attention of the elderly in urban and rural areas. Whether to receive pension was the influential factor of health concern of the rural elderly (OR=0.63, P<0.05); Disability was an influential factor in the health concern of the urban elderly (OR=2.11, P<0.05). Conclusion: There is much room to improve the health attention of the elderly in urban and rural areas. It is suggested to increase the economic security of the elderly in rural areas and pay special attention to the disabled elderly in urban areas, so as to further improve the health status of the elderly groups.
Humans ; Aged ; Aging ; Retirement ; China ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction

Objective: To explore the status quo, differences and influencing factors of health concern among the elderly in urban and rural areas. Methods: The data of China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey (CHARLS) in 2018 were used to describe the health concerns of the elderly in urban and rural areas by selecting relevant indicators. The differences of health concerns of the elderly in urban and rural areas were compared from two aspects of social demographic characteristics and health status. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the health concern of the elderly in urban and rural areas. Results: A total of 7 758 urban and rural elderly were included, including 1 913 urban elderly and 5 845 rural elderly. Half (3 899, 50.3%) of the elderly are at the average level of health concern, and there is a difference between urban and rural elderly (χ²=186.61,P<0.05). The rural and urban elderly with different characteristics had different health concerns. The rural elderly with more than two diseases had higher health concerns (χ²=13.71, P=0.001), and different living types of urban elderly people have different health concerns (χ²=28.96, P<0.001). Regression analysis showed that the health concern of the elderly in urban and rural areas was affected by many factors, gender (OR=1.51, P<0.001), health status (OR=2.18, P<0.001), cognitive function impairment (OR=2.93, P<0.001), depression (OR=0.49, P<0.001) is the main factor affecting the difference of health attention of the elderly in urban and rural areas. Whether to receive pension was the influential factor of health concern of the rural elderly (OR=0.63, P<0.05); Disability was an influential factor in the health concern of the urban elderly (OR=2.11, P<0.05). Conclusion: There is much room to improve the health attention of the elderly in urban and rural areas. It is suggested to increase the economic security of the elderly in rural areas and pay special attention to the disabled elderly in urban areas, so as to further improve the health status of the elderly groups.
Humans ; Aged ; Aging ; Retirement ; China ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction