>The authors performed cycloplegic refractions in 180 eyes of 99 premature infants at the age of 6 months to evaluate the incidence and the degree of myopia according to the development and disease course of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to investigate the effect of cryotherapy on the refractive error. The incidences of myopia were not different between premature infants without ROP and premature infants with spontaneously and totally regressed ROP (36.3%, 25.5%),and the degrees of myopia were low in both groups (-1.76 D, -2.25 D). In premature infants with totally regressed ROP after cryotherapy, the incidence of myopia was high (75.5%) but the degree of myopia was low (-3.03 D). In premature infants with cicatricial ROP, cryotreated or not, both the incidence and the degree of myopia were high (93.9%, -5.50 D). It is suggested that cryotherapyincreases the incidence of myopia but the degree of myopia induced by cryotherap y is low.
Cryosurgery ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; *Infant, Premature ; Korea/epidemiology ; Myopia/*epidemiology ; Refraction, Ocular ; Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology/surgery

PURPOSE: To assess the long-term anatomic and visual outcomes and associated complications of lens-sparing vitrectomy (LSV) in infants with progressive posterior-type tractional retinal detachment (TRD) associated with stage 4A retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: In a retrospective case series, the medical records of consecutive patients who presented with progressive posterior-type stage 4A ROP and underwent LSV between 1999 and 2007 were reviewed. Retinal attachment status, visual acuity, and development of postoperative complications were assessed. RESULTS: Eleven eyes of 9 patients were included. The mean follow-up period was 4.6 years. In 8 eyes (73%), plus disease was present at the time of LSV. In 3 eyes (27%), 2 (66%) without plus disease and 1 (13%) with plus disease, the retina remained reattached in the end, while 8 eyes (73%) had TRD on final examination. Two eyes with reattached retinas showed favorable visual acuity. In those eyes with detached retinas, 5 (68%) showed no light perception. When surgery for ROP was unsuccessful, development of cataract, corneal opacity, or glaucoma was common. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term anatomic success rate of LSV for progressive posterior-type stage 4A ROP was low, especially in the presence of plus disease at the time of LSV. Anatomical reattachment is very important for preventing complications and gaining better visual outcomes.
Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Retinal Detachment/epidemiology ; Retinopathy of Prematurity/*surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy/*methods