Granulation tissues may arise around the nail in response to trauma to the nail or to ingrowing nails. Drugs, such as retinoids or antiviral agents may be the cause of granulation tissue of the whole body or nails. We experienced two cases of granulation tissue developed on the proximal nail folds and subungual area after putting on tight cast and Korean traditional socks respectively. We reported the cases with review of the literature.
Antiviral Agents ; Granulation Tissue* ; Retinoids

No abstract available.
alpha-Tocopherol* ; beta Carotene* ; Humans ; Retinoids*

This is a case of a 20-year-old female with no known comorbidities presenting with verrucous plaques arranged in a unilateral blaschkoid distribution at birth. Biopsy was consistent with epidermal nevus hence patient was diagnosed as systematized epidermal nevus, Nevus Unius Lateris type. Gold standard treatment is full thickness surgical excision however, due to the extensive involvement, treatment of this condition remains a challenge. Hence, non-surgical combination of ablative CO2 laser and topical tretinoin 0.1% were done. Thinner lesions (1-3 mm) showed lower recurrence (50%) as compared to thicker lesions (>3 mm) showing 100% recurrence after six months. Hence, another CO2 laser session is needed. Quality of life was measured using the Dermatologic Life Quality Index (DLQI) with noted 35% improvement post-treatment.
CO2 laser ; lasers, gas ; tretinoin ; retinoids

Impetigo herpetiformis is a rare and severe pustular disorder which primarily occurs in pregnancy. Etretinate and acitretin are effective in impetigo herpetiformis with systemic steroid. A major concern with the use of systemic retinoids is their high teratogenic potential. Isotretinoin is another retinoid but its teratogenic potential lasts only for two months. Hence, isotretinoin may be used to treat women of childbearing years with impetigo herpetiformis. We report a case of impetigo herpetiformis in a 26-year-old woman whose condition was improved with isotretinoin.
Acitretin ; Adult ; Etretinate ; Female ; Humans ; Impetigo ; Isotretinoin ; Pregnancy ; Retinoids

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of the peripheral blood retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORgamma t) and 4-1BB/4-1BBL mRNA in oral lichen planus (OLP) patients.

METHODSThe expression levels of peripheral blood' RORyt mRNA and 4-1BB/4-1BBL mRNA of 30 samples of OLP patients and 30 cases of healthy human were detected using real-time fluorescent quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) technology.

RESULTSIn the OLP group, the expression level of RORgamma t, 4-1BB, 4-1BBL mRNA were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After the conversion of the 2-delta delta CT, the expression levels of three kinds of mRNA in the OLP group were 3.087, 3.320 and 4.005 times of the control group respectively. In the OLP group, the expression levels of RORgamma t mRNA and 4-1BB mRNA had no obvious correlation (P > 0.05), the expression levels of 4-1BB and 4-1BBL mRNA had a positive correlation (r = 0.455 0, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe abnormal expression of RORyt, 4-1BB and 4-1BBL mRNA may play certain roles in the pathogenesis of OLP.

Cancer prevention is a challenging project both in the basic and clinical medicine. In particular, prevention of liver cancer is the most urgent task in countries where the incidence of hepatitis virus-related liver cancer is rising. As reviewed in this article, liver cancer is going to be the first cancer that will be actually prevented by primary and secondary interventions. Even the improvement of absolute survival of the patients can be expected by successful prevention, as already demonstrated in a few clinical trials. Thus, prevention of liver cancer is promising to provide not only cost-effectiveness by morbidity reduction but also cost-benefit by mortality improvement.
Animals ; Chemoprevention ; Hepatitis B/complications/drug therapy ; Human ; Liver Neoplasms/etiology/*prevention & control ; Retinoids/*therapeutic use

BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) as a potent mediator of angiogenesis and inflammation in psoriasis has revealed variations in this gene as surrogate markers of psoriasis. OBJECTIVE: VEGFA gene polymorphisms (-1540 C/A, -1512 Ins18, -460 T/C, and +405 C/G) in psoriasis susceptibility in Turkish population were investigated. METHODS: A total of 200 age, sex and ethnicity-matched psoriatic and healthy individuals were examined for clinical type, response to therapy, serum VEGFA and its receptor levels, genotypes and haplotypes. RESULTS: The +405 GG, +405 CG, -1540 CA, and -1512 +Ins18 genotypes conferred a significant risk for developing psoriasis. The C-InsTC haplotype in the controls and C+InsTG, A+InsTC, and A-InsTG haplotypes in psoriatic patients were observed to be significantly high. Increased serum levels of VEGFA were detected in psoriatic patients with the C-InsTC haplotype than that in the controls. The +405 GG genotype was significantly more frequent in psoriatic patients with a positive family history, and the moderate form of psoriasis was more frequent among C+InsTG haplotype carriers than that among the other patients. The +405 GG genotype was found to be more frequent in patients responding to oral retinoids. Serum VEGFR1/FLT1 and VEGFR2/KDR levels were not significantly different when psoriatic patients and controls were stratified based on the risk polymorphic variants. CONCLUSION: VEGFA gene +405 GG and CG, -1512+Ins18, and -1540 CA genotypes are associated with an increased risk of psoriasis in Turkish population. The G allele at +405 and an 18-bp insertion at -1512 are primarily the risk factors for psoriasis, and this risk is potentiated by the presence of the A allele at the -1540 locus.
Alleles ; Biomarkers ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Psoriasis* ; Retinoids ; Risk Factors* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

Impetigo herpetiformis is a rare, severe dermatologic disorder that is similar to a type of pustular psoriasis that predominantly occurs during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. This condition usually resolves after delivery and it rarely continues until the postpartum period. Systemic corticosteroids have proven to be the drug of choice for the management of impetigo herpetiformis. In the postpartum period, oral retinoids such as isotretinoin, etretinate and acitretin can be used to control impetigo herpetiformis, but their side effect such as teratogenicity is a big issue to women of child-bearing age. We report here on a case of impetigo herpetiformis in a 28-year-old woman who did not respond to oral corticosteroids, but she was treated successfully with cyclosporine. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case of impetigo herpetiformis treated with cyclosporine in the Korean medical literature.
Acitretin ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Adult ; Cyclosporine ; Etretinate ; Female ; Humans ; Impetigo ; Isotretinoin ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Psoriasis ; Retinoids

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome is an extremely rare genodermatosis characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma and premature loss of teeth. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, and is known to be caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the cathepsin C gene. Mutations of this gene may result in epithelial defects producing keratoderma and secondary periodontitis recalcitrant to traditional treatment, causing subsequent premature loss of teeth. In addition, patients may have increased susceptibility to infection. Histopathologic features are nonspecific, so diagnosis has been made through characteristic skin and teeth findings in many reported cases. Oral retinoids are the mainstay of treatment, but the safety of oral retinoids in children remains controversial due to their side effects in skeletal development. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is important for the care of patients with this syndrome. We present two cases of Papillon-Lefevre syndrome. To our knowledge, this condition has not been reported previously in the Korean dermatologic literature.
Cathepsin C ; Child ; Humans ; Keratoderma, Palmoplantar ; Papillon-Lefevre Disease ; Periodontitis ; Retinoids ; Skin ; Tooth

Acrodermatitis continua (AC) of Hallopeau is one of the chronic relapsing pustular eruptions of the extremities. Generalization of AC sometimes occurred spontaneously, or induced by withdrawl of drugs such as corticosteroid, or pregnancy. We report a case of generalized AC in a 50-year-old woman who has been treated intermittently with various medications other than systemic retinoids. The histopathologic findings of the pustules on the fingertips and trunk revealed subcomeal abscesses and/or spongiform pustules. The patient was treated with etretinate in the dose of 50mg/day, and UVB exposure. Two months after treatment, skin lesions were markedly improved.
Abscess ; Acitretin ; Acrodermatitis* ; Etretinate ; Extremities ; Female ; Generalization (Psychology) ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Retinoids ; Skin