Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis occurs predominantly in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) -infected patients. It was also reported in HIV-seronegative patients with systemic autoimmune disorder requiring systemic immunosuppression, organ or bone marrow transplantation, haematological or breast malignancy receiving chemotherapy, ocular diseases following intraocular or periocular corticosteroid injection, diabetes mellitus and Good syndrome. However, CMV retinitis in patients with concurrent dermatomyositis and malignancy has not been previously reported. It has not been reported in cancer other than haematological or breast malignancy, or in cancer patient prior to chemotherapy. We report a case of 40-year-old HIV-seronegative woman with underlying dermatomyositis and lung malignancy who developed right CMV retinitis which relapsed after recommencement of immunosuppressant. Both episodes of CMV retinitis were successfully treated after taken her immunocompromised state into consideration.
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis* ; Cytomegalovirus*

Cytomegalovirus is an opportunity virus involves in class of Herpes virus 5 (adenovirus) that causes disease in the patients with immune deficiency especially AIDS. CMV-caused retinitis occurred on 40% of AIDS patients with severe general condition. However, some patients with CMV-caused retinitis also show signs of early stage of AIDS. The study reported a case of 22-year male patient who admitted due to loss of vision. Serum test showed that the patient was high positive with HIV. The patients manifested retinal necrosis with hemorrhage and vasculitis, which was spreading from the optic disc in both eyes. Then he had uveitis in both eyes. This disease may cause irreversible retinal damage and permanent loss of vision. In the treatment, gancyclovir or foscarnet can be used effectively. These medications provided an improvement in clinical condition. But the disease can relapse if the medications are discontinued.
Retinitis ; Cytomegalovirus ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus ; Herpes Simplex ; Humans ; Retinitis

Cytomegalovirus(CMV) retinitis is the most common opportunistic retinal in fection seen in patients with AIDS. It is almost always progressive and, if untreated, often leads to blindness. The authors report a case of unilateral CMV retinitis in 29-year-old female with AIDS, who complained of decreased vision in the left eye. Fundus examination showed areas of dense white retinal necrosis, scattered hemorrhages and perivascular sheathings. On urine culture CMV was also isolated. Treatment with ganciclovir was started and during the 2 mon ths of treatment, the retinitis was markedly resolved and visual acuity was improved to 0.7. CMV retinitis did not develop in the right eye.
Adult ; Blindness ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Female ; Ganciclovir* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Retinaldehyde ; Retinitis ; Visual Acuity

Cytomegalovirus retinopathy(CMV)is a necrotizing retinitis which can occur as a late manifestation of the Acquired immunodeficiency syndromde(AIDS), which rapidly increases in number after original description of the disease in 1981 by Gottliebet al. We experienced a patient, who complained of decreased visual acuity of the left eye only we initially diagnosed the patient as CMV retinitis, and during the course of treatment, finally diagnosed the patient as CMV retinitis with AIDS, and the patient was subdivided into Group IV, Subgroup C by center for disease control classification system To our knowledge, for about 10% of the patient of the CMV retinopathy, AIDS was diagnosed like same manner as we did, but we couldn't find any report in korea, so we report this case with a review of literatures.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Classification ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Ganciclovir ; Humans ; Korea ; Retinitis ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is one of the most important tissue-invasive CMV diseases in immunocompromised patients. Since 1980, non-invasive diagnostic methods, notably the CMV antigenemia assay, have been widely used as adjunct tests to diagnose tissue-invasive CMV diseases. However, there are limited data on the diagnostic value of the CMV antigenemia assay for diagnosing CMV retinitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all cases of CMV retinitis at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea over a 9-year period. The diagnosis of CMV retinitis was made by experienced ophthalmologists according to medical history and an ophthalmoscopic appearance of typical retinopathy, together with absence of an alternative diagnosis. RESULTS: We analyzed 44 patients with CMV retinitis (affecting 57 eyes) for whom the CMV antigenemia assay was performed. Of the 44 patients, 31 (70%) were HIV-uninfected and 13 (30%) were HIV-infected. The overall sensitivity of the CMV antigenemia assay was 66% (95% confidence interval [CI] 50–80%). The test’s sensitivity showed a non-significant trend towards being higher in HIV-infected patients than in HIV-uninfected patients (sensitivity 85% vs 58%, respectively, P = 0.16). In a subgroup analysis of the 35 patients without other concurrent tissue-invasive CMV disease, the sensitivity of the CMV antigenemia assay was 57% (95% CI 40–74%). CONCLUSIONS: The CMV antigenemia assay has limited value as a non-invasive diagnostic adjunct test for CMV retinitis. Therefore, the results of the assay need to be interpreted in the context of underlying disease, clinical presentation, and ophthalmoscopic findings.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Korea ; Retinitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

Delusional disorder is an illness presenting with ideas of false beliefs based on incorrect inference about external reality that persist despite the evidence to the contrary and these beliefs are not ordinarily accepted by other members of the person's culture or subculture1 • 2 • The patient is a 25-year old, male, single, former massage therapist, 1st in a brood of 3 children from a province in Visayas, Philippines, brought to the clinic due to talking incoherently with inconsistent responses. This presented after competing in Palarong Pambansa for the disabled. He participated in the blind category since he was diagnosed with Retinitis Pigmentosa. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of genetic disorders that affect the retina's ability to respond to light. This inherited disease causes a slow loss of vision, beginning with decreased night vision and loss of peripheral (side) vision, and eventually blindness3 • He won many competitions, after which started hearing voices accusing him of cheating. This persisted for months which lead him to develop incoherent responses when talked to, which prompted his relatives to bring him for psychiatric consult. This is an interesting case of patient with a psychiatric condition who also presented with a degenerative disease.
Retinitis

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection commonly affects patients who are in an immunocompromised state, such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and during organ transplantation. Although cytomegalovirus infection does not occur frequently, it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients suffering with connective tissue diseases, including dermatomyositis. Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis and retinitis has been rarely reported in patients with dermatomyositis. We report here on an usual case involving the simultaneous occurrence of cytomegalovirus pneumonitis and retinitis in a 39-year-old female with dermatomyositis, and this woman had been treated with steroids and immunosuppressive agents for the previous 5 months.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Adult ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Cytomegalovirus ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ; Dermatomyositis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Organ Transplantation ; Pneumonia ; Retinitis ; Steroids ; Stress, Psychological ; Transplants

PURPOSE: To report a case of a patient with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis who was treated with oral valganciclovir. CASE SUMMARY: A 34-year-old man who had undergone anti-cancer chemotherapy for Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was referred to the ophthalmologic oncology clinic because of decreased vision in both eyes. Fundus examination showed white, opaque, and granular retinal lesions in both eyes, and a serologic test showed a positive response to CMV antibody IgG and a negative response to CMV antibody IgM. The patient received induction therapy with intravenous ganciclovir and maintenance therapy with oral valganciclovir 900 mg once daily. CMV retinitis reactivated 4 weeks after maintenance therapy was discontinued. At that point, the patient received induction therapy with oral valganciclovir 900 mg twice daily for 3 weeks and maintenance therapy with 900 mg once daily for 5 weeks. The retinal lesion disappeared and did not recur after oral administration of valganciclovir. The patient discontinued valganciclovir after 5 weeks of maintenance therapy, and CMV retinitis did not reactivate during 6 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Oral valganciclovir was clinically effective in the treatment of CMV retinitis in a patient who was treated with anti-cancer chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Cytomegalovirus ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganciclovir ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Retinaldehyde ; Retinitis ; Serologic Tests ; Vision, Ocular