Humans ; Retinal Detachment/surgery* ; Myopia/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

An experimental model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in rabbits was established to simulate the pathophysiologic condition of human RRD. 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups and underwent vitrectomy with a vitrector and/or retinotomy with a Charles flute needle, with 12 in group I (vitrectomy and retinotomy), 7 in group I (retinotomy) and 5 in group III (vitrectomy). All animals underwent follow-up examinations with direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography 12 h and day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 after the procedure(s). Retinal changes were recorded. As a result, 10 RRDs were successfully established in group I. Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography demonstrated typical features of RRD. No RRD developed in group II and III. It was concluded that the experimental rhegmatogenous retinal detachment produced in a rabbit model after vitrectomy with retinotomy in this study was a convenient and reliable one. This RRD model mimicked the typical pathophysiological changes in humans.
*Disease Models, Animal ; Random Allocation ; Retina/surgery ; *Retinal Detachment ; Vitrectomy

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Detachment ; surgery ; Vitrectomy ; instrumentation ; methods

Perfluorocarbon liquids have been used to facilitate surgery in complicated retinal detachments or giant retinal tears which were difficult to manage. The results of perfluorophenanthrene usage in 26 eyes that had been taken vitreoretinal surgery were analyzed.The causes of retinal detachments were giant retinal tears in five eyes[19%], pseudophakia or aphakia in three[12%]and trauma in three.As tamponades, C3F8 gas was used in 11 eyes and silicone oil in 15 eyes. Overall, anatomical success rate was 73%and functional success rate was 58%.All of the giant retinal tears were successfully reattached and four eyes[80%]were functionally successful.The rates of anatomical success were 75%in eyes with grade C proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and 64%in grade D.Regarding postoperative tamponade materials, there was no significant difference between C3F8 gas and silicone oil.Releasing retinectomy was perfomed in four eyes and there was no functional success. In conclusion, perfluorocarbon liquid is a useful instrument that improves the result of operation of complicated retinal detachment if used selectively.
Aphakia ; Pseudophakia ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Silicone Oils ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinal Surgery ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

Cryotherapy is implicated for inducing or aggravating proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) by releasing retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. These are based on the fact that PVR rarely occurs in a non-operated eye, and many of the PVR patients have received cryotherapy during surgery. Nonetheless, eyes with diathermy also developed PVR, and although there have been many experiments, the effect of cryotherapy on inducing PVR has not been proven experimentally in the living eye. We made retinal tears in living rabbit eyes, and applied cryotherapy on one eye of each rabbit. The result was compared histologically with the contralateral noncryothermized control eye. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups concerning the migration of RPE, and the proliferation of RPE. Although the formation of an epiretinal membrane was more obvious in the cryothermized group, the difference was not statistically significant.
Animals ; Cell Division ; *Cryosurgery/adverse effects ; Rabbits ; Retinal Detachment/*pathology ; Retinal Perforations/*pathology ; Vitreous Body/*pathology/surgery

Changes in the scotopic electroretinogram (ERG) and oscillatory potentials (Ops) were examined in patients who had rhegmatogenous retinal detachment within 3 days before and also at regular intervals after a successful reattachment operation. Electroretinograms were recorded in 38 patients (age 10 to 62 years) for the recent 5 year period. The amplitudes of the scotopic a-wave and b-wave in the detached eye were significantly decreased compared to the fellow normal eye preoperatively. Statistically significant differences were found between the preoperative and the postoperative recordings of the diseased eye. However, postoperative interocular differences in the amplitude of the a-wave between the reattached and normal fellow eye were not statistically significant. The amplitudes of the a-wave and b-wave were inversely related to the extent of the retinal detachment area, the duration of the detachment, and the extent of the buckles that were applied. Significant interocular differences in the b/a wave amplitude ratio and the Ops amplitude were observed. These results strongly suggest that the retinal function, even after successful reattachment surgery, might be compromised mainly by an inner retinal malfunction rather than from a photoreceptor dysfunction.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; *Electroretinography ; Human ; Middle Age ; Oscillometry ; Postoperative Period ; Retinal Detachment/etiology/*physiopathology/*surgery ; Retinal Perforations/*complications

PURPOSE: To analyze retinal tears and to compare the clinical outcomes between retinal tear and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) as the cause of dense non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage in patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery. METHODS: In a retrospective case series, the medical records of patients who presented dense non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage and who underwent vitreoretinal surgery between January 2005 and June 2009 were reviewed. Among the 134 patients, 27 patients had dense vitreous hemorrhage caused by retinal tears. The first group had retinal tears only and the second group had accompanying RRD. A comparison of clinical features and postoperative prognoses between the two groups was performed. RESULTS: Among the 27 eyes with non-traumatic retinal tear and RRD, 18 were categorized into the retinal tear group and 9 to the RRD group. The demographic findings between the two studied groups exhibited no significant differences except for time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis. However, the time to diagnosis was significantly delayed in the group with RRD (22.67 +/- 37.47 days) compared to the retinal tear group (5.00 +/- 3.41 days) (p = 0.035). The amount of visual improvement was also greater in the retinal tear group than the RRD group (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Retinal tears are a major cause of non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage. Vitreous hemorrhage caused by retinal detachment may result in delayed diagnosis and poor visual recovery. Therefore, early examinations in suspicion of RRD and appropriate treatments are needed in non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage.
Delayed Diagnosis ; Eye ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Prognosis ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Vitreoretinal Surgery ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

OBJECTIVES: To assess the inadvertent intraocular retention of perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) after vitreoretinal surgery and their complications. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 108 patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgeries using intraoperative PFCL (perfluoro-n-octane (C8F18), 0.69 centistoke at 25degrees C, PERFLUORN(R), Alcon, USA) and the removal of PFCL through fluid-air exchange. The analysis was focused on the occurrence of intraocular retained PFCL, diagnoses,surgicalprocedures,andcomplications. RESULTS: Retinal detachment (51 cases, 47%) was the most common surgery which used PFCL intraoperatively. Other causes were vitreous hemorrhage (24 cases, 22%), posteriorly dislocated lens (22 cases, 21%), and trauma (11 cases, 10%). Intraocular PFCL was found in a total of 9 (8.3%) eyes. PFCL bubbles remained in anterior chamber and vitreous cavity were observed in 4 cases and subretinal retained PFCL was observed in 5 cases. Three of 5 cases of subretinal PFCL exhibited in subfoveal space. Among the three subfoveal cases, macular hole developed after PFCL removal in 1 case, epiretinal membrane in the area where had been PFCL bubble. However, we observed no complications in 1 case of subfoveal PFCL that was removed by surgery. PFCL in anterior chamber and vitreous cavity were in 4 cases. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of subfoveal PFCL might affect visual and anatomic outcomes. However, subfoveal PFCL may induce visual complications, and therefore requires special attention.
Anterior Chamber ; Epiretinal Membrane ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Retrospective Studies ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreoretinal Surgery ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

An experimental model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in rabbits was established to simulate the pathophysiologic condition of human RRD. 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups and underwent vitrectomy with a vitrector and/or retinotomy with a Charles flute needle, with 12 in group I (vitrectomy and retinotomy), 7 in group I (retinotomy) and 5 in group III (vitrectomy). All animals underwent follow-up examinations with direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography 12 h and day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 after the procedure(s). Retinal changes were recorded. As a result, 10 RRDs were successfully established in group I. Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography demonstrated typical features of RRD. No RRD developed in group II and III. It was concluded that the experimental rhegmatogenous retinal detachment produced in a rabbit model after vitrectomy with retinotomy in this study was a convenient and reliable one. This RRD model mimicked the typical pathophysiological changes in humans.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Retina ; surgery ; Retinal Detachment ; Vitrectomy

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy is the principal cause of failure in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery. The final cause of anatomic failure is anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Surgical outcome of anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy is poorer than that of posterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Of 147 cases which underwent vitreoretinal surgery from January through December 1993, 16 eyes(l6 patients) had anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Seven eyes had anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy at initial surgery(group 1). Remaining 9 eyes developed anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy after primary vitrectomy(group 2). Of 16 eyes, 3 were aphakic, 2 were pseudophakic, and remaining 11 were phakic. Lens was removed in 11 phakic eyes. Meticulous vitreous base dissection and removal of anterior epiretinal membrane were performed. After minimal follow-up of 6 months, retina reattached in 11 eyes(69%) including all nine eyes of group 2. Nine eyes(56%) had postoperative visual acuity of 0.025 or better. These results suggest that both vitreous base dissection and meticulous removal of anterior and posterior epiretinal membrane should be crucial in improving surgical success rate of anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Epiretinal Membrane ; Follow-Up Studies ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Visual Acuity ; Vitreoretinal Surgery ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*