No abstract available.
Restless Legs Syndrome

No abstract available.
Restless Legs Syndrome

Restless legs syndrome(RLS) is a common but frequently undiagnosed sensorimotor disorder. It has distinct clinical manifestations and also it is fairly common in late adulthood. However, it is rarely recognized in children because of the difficulties in expressing the signs and symptoms and the lacks of experience of pediatricians about the disease. Although its underlying pathophysiology is not fully understood, the diagnostic criteria of RLS in children were established in the year of 2003. We experienced a case of idiopathic restless legs syndrome in a 10-year-old boy and we present the case with a brief review of related literature.
Child* ; Humans ; Male ; Restless Legs Syndrome*

Mirtazapine is a novel antidepressant and has a unique dual action profile, combining the enhancement of the noradrenergic neurotransmitter system with specific actions on particular serotonergic receptor subtypes. The authors report a case of restless leg syndrome induced by mirtazapine. The patient (46 years old male) with major depressive disorder developed typical restless leg syndrome from the initial period of administration of mirtazapine. Restless leg syndrome was not relieved by reduction of mirtazapine and disappeared rapidly after discontinuation of mirtazapine. The major difference of the case from previously reported cases is the onset time of symptoms. We may consider that mirtazapine can induce dopaminergic side effect like a restless leg syndrome promptly as its fast-acting antidepressant effect.
Depressive Disorder, Major* ; Humans ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Restless Legs Syndrome*

OBJECTIVES: To compare the sleep quality in the view of polysomnography (PSG) and cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analysis in subjects with restless legs syndrome (RLS) versus with psychophysiological insomnia (PPI). METHODS: The PSG data of 109 subjects with RLS and 86 with PPI (apnea-hypopnea index <5 /h) were collected. All subjects reported sleep onset and maintenance insomnia. CPC parameters were obtained using CPC analyzer in RemLogic. Sleep spectrogram by CPC analyses categorized sleep as "stable" [high-frequency coupling (HFC), 0.1-0.4 Hz] and "unstable" [low-frequency coupling (LFC), 0.1-0.01 Hz], independent of sleep stages. We compared PSG and CPC parameters between two groups and performed correlation analyses to find the PSG parameters to affect CPC parameters. RESULTS: In PSG parameters, subjects with PPI showed significantly longer sleep latency (14.2+/-20.06 vs. 27.5+/-34.96, p<0.001), and decreased sleep efficiency (SE, 80.5+/-14.96 vs. 76.5+/-14.45, p=0.009) than RLS. CPC parameters were not significantly different between groups. In both groups HFC was positively correlated with total sleep time and SE and was negatively associated with time of wake after sleep onset in both groups. Meanwhile, very LFC showed the opposite results to HFC with the same PSG parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Although subjects with RLS or PPI present sleep onset and maintenance insomnia, objective sleep quality was worse in PPI than RLS. It suggests that CPC as a factor to differentiate sleep quality between the RLS and the PPI has a limited role.
Polysomnography* ; Restless Legs Syndrome* ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders* ; Sleep Stages

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of different acupoints selected on restless legs syndrome.

METHODSEighty-one cases were randomly divided into a treatment group (n=41) treated by acupoint selection method according to nerve anatomy and combination of positive findings with neurobiological theory, and a control group (n=40) treated by traditional acupoint selection method.

RESULTSThe effective rate and the markedly effective rate were 97.6% and 90.3% in the treatment group, and 75.0% and 60.0% in the control group with significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.01), and there was a significant difference between the two groups in the needed treatment times for the cured cases (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe acupoint selection method according to nerve anatomy, positive findings and neurobiological theory has a better therapeutic effect on restless legs syndrome as compared with the traditional method.

Restless legs syndrome,as a common sleep disorder,has nowadays long been diagnosed by self-rating scale and polysomnography.In this paper,a domestic diagnosis system for early restless legs syndrome based on deep learning is proposed,which is suitable for early patients with unstable symptoms in routine diagnosis.The hardware system is installed in the bed.And the non-contact sleeping dynamic signal acquisition is realized based on the acceleration sensors.The software system uses deep learning to classify and recognize the signals.A Fully Connected Feedforward Network based on Keras framework is constructed to recognize seven kinds of activities during sleeping.The accuracy of comprehensive classification is 97.83%.Based on former results,the periodic limb movement index and awakening index were evaluated to make the diagnosis of restless legs syndrome.
Deep Learning ; Humans ; Movement ; Polysomnography ; Restless Legs Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Sleep

We report a young man who had received tramadol for pain control and experienced an uncomfortable sensation in both legs immediately after tramadol withdrawal that worsened at rest and at night, and which could be relieved only by moving the legs. He suffered from insomnia and paced up and down in his house every night. Readministration of tramadol dramatically resolved his symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS), but they reappeared after tramadol withdrawal. Tramadol was therefore replaced with ropinirole, which was discontinued after several weeks, and there was no recurrence of his RLS symptoms. This patient appeared to have developed tramadol-withdrawal-induced RLS, and this case report emphasizes the importance of monitoring for withdrawal-type symptoms like RLS when tramadol intake is being stopped.
Humans ; Leg ; Recurrence ; Restless Legs Syndrome* ; Sensation ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; Tramadol*

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Periodic limb movements (PLM) during sleep (PLMS) are associated with cortical and cardiovascular activation. Changes in cerebral hemodynamics caused by cortical activity can be measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). We investigated oscillatory components of cerebral hemodynamics during PLM and different sleep stages in restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients with PLMS. METHODS: Four female RLS patients with PLMS, and four age- and sex-matched normal controls were included. PLM and sleep stages were scored using polysomnography, while the spontaneous cerebral hemodynamics was measured by NIRS. The phase and amplitude of the cerebral oxyhemoglobin concentration [HbO] and the deoxyhemoglobin concentration [Hb] low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) were evaluated during each sleep stage [waking, light sleep (LS; stages N1 and N2), slow-wave sleep (stage N3), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep]. In RLS patients with PLMS, the cerebral hemodynamics during LS was divided into LS with and without PLM. RESULTS: The cerebral hemodynamics activity varied among the different sleep stages. There were changes in phase differences between [HbO] and [Hb] LFOs during the different sleep stages in the normal controls but not in the RLS patients with PLMS. The [HbO] and [Hb] LFO amplitudes were higher in the patient group than in controls during both LS with PLM and REM sleep. CONCLUSIONS: The present study has demonstrated the presence of cerebral hemodynamics disturbances in RLS patients with PLMS, which may contribute to an increased risk of cerebrovascular events.
Extremities* ; Female ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Oxyhemoglobins ; Polysomnography ; Restless Legs Syndrome* ; Sleep Stages ; Sleep, REM ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared*

BACKGROUND: There are two questionnaires available for the diagnosis of restless legs syndrome (RLS); Paradigm of questions for epidemiology studies of RLS, and the Johns Hopkins telephone diagnostic interview form (JHTDIF) for the RLS. The purpose of this study was to validate the Korean version of these questionnaires and to evaluate their usefulness. METHODS: We developed the Korean version of the RLS questionnaire proposed for epidemiology and the JHTDIF for the RLS. A total of 96 participants (34 RLS, 62 non-RLS) were included in this study. These questionnaires were used for the interview with a retest approximately a month later. These results were compared with the clinical diagnosis. Kappa value, percent agreement, and Cronbach's Alpha were calculated for each question and validity coefficients were estimated from these statistics. RESULTS: The Kappa values of the Korean version in the RLS questionnaire for epidemiology studies were 0.794 for the 1st test, and 0.745 for the retest. The Kappa values of the Korean version in the Johns Hopkins telephone diagnostic interview for the RLS were 0.883 for the 1st test, and 0.834 for the retest. The two questionnaires proved to have high Kappa values and validity coefficients. Two forms were found to have a high test-retest reliability (r=0.927, 0.958). CONCLUSIONS: The Korean version of the RLS questionnaire proposed for epidemiology and the JHTDIF for the RLS could be a reliable and valid tool for screening patients with RLS in Korea.
Diagnosis ; Epidemiology* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results* ; Restless Legs Syndrome* ; Telephone*