1.Acute respiratory infection and the efficacy of bronchovaxom for preventive treatment.
Journal of Medical Research 2007;55(6):99-103
Background:Respiratory infection is a disease which the incidence and mortality rank highest among children diseases under 5 years old. The reasons caused respiratory infection are virus, bacterium and parasite. H.Influenzae, St.pneumoniae and M.Cataralis are the main reason leading to respiratory infection. Objectives:This study aims to research on the efficacy of Bronchovaxom in reducing the rate of acute respiratory infection in children. Subjects and method:A descriptive, prospective and cohort study was conducted on 60 patients was used Bronchovaxom for two times with the 6 months of interval in the National Hospital for Pediatric from January 2006 to September 2007. Results:Among the first selection 60 children, 15 children stopped to participate in the study. The age ranged from 32 months to 88 months, the mean age was 55.4 months. Male was 30 (66.7%); female was 15 ( 33.3%). 100% were injected vaccination. There was a clear reduction in the incidence. The frequency of antibiotic use was also reduced. In particular, increased level of IgA in the patient's saliva following treatment with Bronchovaxom. Conclusion:There was a significantly statistical difference on the times of acute recurrentrespiratory infection in one year on the same patient before and after using Bronchovaxom.
Respiratory Tract Infections/ pathology
;
therapy
3.Application of combined detection of multiple pathogens in diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019.
Li Hua QI ; Dong Mei GU ; Li Xin ZHANG ; Xin YIN ; Jie LIU
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2022;56(11):1663-1667
Due to the wide variety of pathogens causing respiratory tract infection and the close symptoms, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) needs to be differentiated from other common infections. Early comprehensive detection and accurate identification of respiratory infection pathogens is of great value for early diagnosis, curative effect, as well as monitor of the diseases. Combined detection of multiple pathogens can quickly and accurately detect and distinguish the pathogens, then provide rapid and reliable laboratory diagnostic basis for further treatment. This article elaborates the application and development of multiplex detection assay in the diagnosis of COVID-19 according to the recent research.
Humans
;
COVID-19/diagnosis*
;
Respiratory Tract Infections/therapy*
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
4.Safety, tolerability and efficacy of LEGA-Kid® mechanical percussion device versus conventional chest physiotherapy in children: a randomised, single-blind controlled study.
Yuen Ling HUE ; Lucy Chai See LUM ; Siti Hawa AHMAD ; Soon Sin TAN ; Shin Yee WONG ; Anna Marie NATHAN ; Kah Peng EG ; Melissa de Bruyne Ming May CHOON
Singapore medical journal 2022;63(2):105-110
INTRODUCTION:
Chest physiotherapy (CPT) may benefit children aged below five years who suffer from lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). However, its effects depend on the technique used. This study aimed to determine whether mechanical CPT using the LEGA-Kid® mechanical percussion device is superior to manual CPT in children with LRTI.
METHODS:
Children aged five months to five years who were admitted and referred for CPT from January to April 2017 were randomised to either manual CPT or mechanical CPT with LEGA-Kid. Outcomes measured before intervention and two hours after intervention were respiratory rate (RR), oxygen saturation and modified Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (mRDAI) score.
RESULTS:
All 30 enrolled patients showed significant reduction in post-intervention RR and mRDAI scores. There was an 8% reduction in RR for the manual CPT group (p = 0.002) and a 16.5% reduction in the mechanical CPT group (p = 0.0001), with a significantly greater reduction in the latter (p = 0.024). mRDAI scores decreased by 2.96 in the manual group (p = 0.0001) and 3.62 in the mechanical group (p = 0.002), with no significant difference between the groups. There was no significant improvement in oxygen saturation, and no adverse events were observed after CPT.
CONCLUSION
Children receiving both manual and mechanical CPT showed improvements in respiratory distress symptoms, with no adverse effects. A combined strategy of nebulised hypertonic saline followed by CPT for LRTI removes airway secretions and results in improvements in moderately severe respiratory distress. The LEGA-Kid mechanical CPT method is superior to manual CPT in reducing the RR.
Child
;
Humans
;
Percussion/methods*
;
Physical Therapy Modalities
;
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
;
Respiratory Therapy/methods*
;
Respiratory Tract Infections
;
Single-Blind Method
5.Chinese children's respiratory diseases in 60 years.
Chinese Medical Journal 2009;122(19):2239-2240
Asthma
;
epidemiology
;
therapy
;
Child
;
China
;
Humans
;
Respiration Disorders
;
therapy
;
Respiratory Tract Infections
;
therapy
;
Sleep
;
physiology
6.Effect of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder on Cough Resolution in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.
Hui LUO ; Gui-Hua SONG ; Xiao-Jian MA ; Meng-Meng SUN ; Man ZHANG ; Jian-Rong XIE ; Shao PENG
Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2022;28(5):387-393
OBJECTIVE:
To assess the effectiveness of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder (JWZH), a Tibetan patent medicine in treating upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) associated cough in children.
METHODS:
The study was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial. A total of 142 children aged 2 to 14 years old, with URTI-associated cough within 48 h of onset, were randomly assigned to two groups at a 1:1 ratio by computer-generated randomization sequence. Children were treated with JWZH (1 to 1.5 g, twice to thrice daily) in the treatment group or conventional treatment (Pediatric Paracetamol, Artificial Cow-bezoar and Chlorphenamine Maleate Granules, 0.25 to 1 g, thrice daily) in the control group for 5 days. The primary endpoints were the time to cough resolution and 4-day cough resolution rate. The secondary endpoints were the daily improvement in symptom scores and cough resolution rate during the study period.
RESULTS:
A total of 138 children were included in the intention-to-treat analysis, with 71 cases in the treatment group and 67 cases in the control group. Compared with the conventional treatment, the children receiving JWZH had a shorter time to cough resolution [hazard ratio, 2.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29-3.40; P=0.003]. The median time to cough resolution for children receiving JWZH was shorter than that of the conventional treatment (2 days vs. 3 days; P<0.001). The 4-day cough resolution rate in the JWZH group was higher than that of the control group (94.4% vs. 74.6%; risk difference: 19.8%, 95% CI: 8.1%-31.5%; relative risk: 1.265, 95% CI: 1.088-1.470; P=0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the improvement of other symptoms caused by URTI (P>0.05). Adverse events was reported in 5.6% (4/71) and 4.5% (3/67) in participants of JWZH and PPACCM groups (P>0.05), respectively, which were all mild and resolved without treatment.
CONCLUSION
JWZH seemed to be a safe and effective therapy for URTI-associated cough in children. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2000039421).
Child
;
Cough/drug therapy*
;
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
;
Humans
;
Nonprescription Drugs
;
Powders
;
Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy*
7.Etiologies, treatment and prognosis of olfactory dysfunction.
Xudong GAO ; Na CUI ; Lifeng AN
Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 2014;28(20):1623-1627
Olfaction is one of the ancient sensing capabilities and plays an important role in monitoring environment. Although olfactory loss is common, it's obviously underappretiated by medical community generally. In order to help patients with those problems, the author gives an brief review about the characters of common etiologies, treatment and prognosis of Olfactory Dysfunction. It's concluded that most usual causes resulting in dysos- mia are upper-respiratory-tract infections, trauma, and chronic rhinosinusitis; and our understanding of the olfaction mechanism grows, but frustratingly, aside from the possible therapeutic potential of systemic steroids, no method has been proved to have solid evidence for curing olfactory loss; so we need more new basic and clinic research to develop effective therapeutic intervention.
Chronic Disease
;
Humans
;
Olfaction Disorders
;
etiology
;
therapy
;
Prognosis
;
Respiratory Tract Infections
;
Sinusitis
;
Smell
8.Prevention and treatment of viral respiratory infections by traditional Chinese herbs.
Chinese Medical Journal 2014;127(7):1344-1350
OBJECTIVEThis review focuses on current knowledge of traditional Chinese herbs on prevention and treatment of viral respiratory infections, especially caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes (SARS) virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza viruses.
DATA SOURCESThe data used in this review were obtained from PubMed and CNKI up to May 2013. Terms of Chinese herbs and infections of respiratory tract were used in the search.
STUDY SELECTIONArticles related that Chinese herbs preventing and treating infections in respiratory tract were retrieved and reviewed. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed by the method in the "Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reveiws of Interventionsand studies" with high risk of bias were excluded. Four criteria for selections were set as following: randomized controlled trial, particular effective compound or derivative, reproducible result and animal test.
RESULTSInfectious respiratory tract diseases cause most mortality among infectious illnesses around the world. As traditional medicines, Chinese herbs have been widely used to deal with diseases for centuries and have been proved effective in practice. The administration of some Chinese herbs stimulates, suppresses or regulates the activity of immune system, thus protecting the respiratory tract or relieving infections of pathogens. Many herbs have remarkable antiviral effects, therefore they are used as substitutes of antimicrobial drugs. Based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, mix-using herbs provide a synergistic benefit on preventing and healing respiratory tract infections. Many commercial herbal medicines containing one or more compounds have been successfully applied to prevent and treat viral infections of respiratory tract clinically.
CONCLUSIONSTraditional Chinese herbs could directly inhibit pathogens infecting respiratory tract, or coordinate the activity of immune system to avoid or relieve infections. With the emergence of antidrug pathogens or new variants, Chinese herbs give strong evidence to protect human health.
Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; drug therapy ; virology
10.Clinical comprehensive evaluation of Reyanning Mixture in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection (heat-toxin attacking lung syndrome).
Jian LYU ; Zhi-Fei WANG ; Yan-Ming XIE ; Feng-Jing-Ming CHENG ; Qiang ZHANG ; Xin CUI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2022;47(6):1476-1483
This study systematically sorted out the evidence data of the safety, effectiveness, economy, innovation, suitability, accessibility, and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) of Reyanning Mixture in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection(heat-toxin attacking lung syndrome) with the qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods adopted. Based on evidence-based medicine, epidemiology, clinical medicine, evidence-based pharmacy, pharmacoeconomics, and health technology evalua-tion(HTA), the clinical value of Reyanning Mixture was evaluated using multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA) model, Chinese patent medicine clinical evidence, and value evaluation software(CSC v2.0). The SRS monitoring data, Meta-analysis, and other safety evidence showed that the main adverse reactions of Reyanning Mixture were nausea, diarrhea, and rash, and no serious adverse reactions were found. The pharmacovigilance system was sound, and the system was perfect. There was no recall, notification, or interview for unqualified products. Based on the existing research, the evidence was sufficient, and the risk was controllable. Hence, its safety was grade A. Meta-analysis showed that in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection, Reyanning Mixture combined with Amoxicillin Capsules was better than Amoxicillin Capsules alone in shortening the complete fever relief time and improving the cure rate. Besides, it was superior to Shuanghuanglian Granules in shortening the complete fever relief time, cough relief time, nasal congestion relief time, and pharyngeal congestion relief time. The Meta-analysis was conducted based on AMSTAR standard, and its ove-rall quality was proved good. The evidence quality in GRADE system evaluation was medium and low. The quality of evidence was medium, and the clinical value was obvious. Hence, its effectiveness was grade A. The results of pharmacoeconomic research showed that compared with Amoxicillin Capsules, Reyanning Mixture alone or in combination with Amoxicillin Capsules had cost-effectiveness advantages in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection, and the results were stable in sensitivity analysis. According to the CASP economic evaluation checklist, the research problems were clear and the results were reliable. As revealed by the comprehensive evaluation, the evidence quality was sufficient and the result was clear. Its economy was grade B. Reyanning Mixture had multiple therapeutic targets like anti-virus, anti-bacteria, antipyresis, and anti-cough, with good clinical innovation. There were many innovative initiatives in ensuring drug supply, especially at the grass roots, drug safety, and effectiveness, and also multiple innovative contributions to production technology, quality control, scientific and technological research and development, and enterprise management and marketing. Therefore, its innovation was grade B. The dosage form of Reyanning was mixture, which made it convenient for storage and transportation. The usage was easy to be mastered and accepted by doctors and nurses, exhibiting good suitability for clinicians, nurses, pharmacists, and patients who received this drug and basically meeting the needs of clinical medication. The suitability was grade B. The average daily cost of this drug was 8.082 yuan, and the price was low. The treatment cost accounted for a small proportion of the annual disposable income of urban and rural residents, indicating that it was affordable. Reyanning Mixture was available in 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions, covering 6 910 hospitals. The allocation of hospitals at all levels was more than 50%. There was no shortage or supply restriction of medicinal material resources. The annual production capacity was sufficient to meet the supply demand, so its accessibility was grade A. Reyanning Mixture, sourced from "pneumonia Ⅲ", has been subjected to a real-world study of its clinical application, with 4 367 cases involved, and the characteristic of TCM was grade B. The comprehensive evaluation results demonstrated that the clinical value score of Reyanning Mixture in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection(heat-toxin attacking lung syndrome) was 0.80, making it rated class A. According to the Guidelines for Management of Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation of Drugs(trial version 2021), it is recommended to convert it into the relevant policy results of basic clinical medication management according to the procedures.
Hot Temperature
;
Humans
;
Lung
;
Medicine, Chinese Traditional
;
Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy*
;
Syndrome