China ; Humans ; Respiratory System ; pathology

Bronchoscopy ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; pathology ; Humans ; Respiratory System ; pathology

Respiratory pump failure is a condition which the respiratory system can not meet the metabolic demand because of the inability of respiratory muscles to ventilate the lungs without any pulmonary pathology. Two cases of respiratory pump failure(myasthenia gravis and Guillian-Barre syndrome) had been treated with controlled and assisted ventilation using the Bennet MA II ventilator. Large tidal volume with high peak flow rate was given to permit leakage of gases during inspiration when the patients were ventilated with CMV with asaistance. This made the patients capable of communicating with persons by phonation which was the greatest advanage of this mode of assisted ventilation.
Gases ; Humans ; Lung ; Pathology ; Phonation ; Respiratory Muscles ; Respiratory System ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: Neonatal pulmonary function test(PFT) adds a new dimension to the understanding and care of the infant at risk for lung dysfunction. PFT can be identified the risk for pulmonary problems and safely and effectively diagnosed, quantified, and qualified the dysfunction. So it is possible to early institution of prophylatic respiratory therapy in such neonates and it can improved the dysfunction or reduce the incidence of both acute aand chronic complications. The purpose of this present study was to get the normal values of pulmonary function test in normal neonates METHODS: We evaluated 332 normal neonates at Ewha Womans University Hospital from Feb. 1994 to Oct. 1994. We performed PFT by tidal breathing flow-volume loop and non-invasive passive expiratory flow-volume technique. RESULTS: 1) The mean respiratory rate was 51.0+/-12.0/min and tidal volume 7.4+/-2.9 ml/kg. 2) In the tidal breathing pattern, %V PTEF was 0.42+/-0.17, PTEF/TV 2.36+/-0.76, TEF25/PTEF 0.80+/-0.10 and ME/MI 0.89+/-0.25, and the shape of loop was oval. 3) The mean respiratory system compliance by passive expiratory flow-volume technique in normal neonates was 1.52+/-0.93ml/cmH2O/kg and resistance 0.052+/-0.039 cmH2O/ml/sec. 4) The values of PFT were not different according to sex or postnatal age(p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The measured values of pulmonary function test in normal neonates could be used in the future as reference values of pulmonary function in neonates with variable respiratory diseases, and could be aid in understanding the respiratory physiology and pathology of neonates through companing the measured values of pulmonary function by other method.
Compliance ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Lung ; Pathology ; Reference Values ; Respiration ; Respiratory Function Tests* ; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena ; Respiratory Rate ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Therapy ; Tidal Volume

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Arsenic Poisoning ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Respiratory System ; pathology ; Young Adult

The purpose of this review is to explain the relationship between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and lower respiratory tract inflammation, especially asthma and introduce the new advances in the treatment of CRS patient with asthma. We also introduce our treatment strategy for these patients, including surgery technique and perioperative management.
Asthma ; pathology ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Inflammation ; pathology ; Otolaryngology ; methods ; Respiratory System ; physiopathology ; Sinusitis ; physiopathology

PURPOSE: Upper and lower respiratory tract pathologies are believed to be interrelated; however, the impact of upper airway inflammation on lung function in subjects without lung disease has not been evaluated. This study investigated the association of CT finding suggesting chronic sinusitis and lung function in healthy subjects without lung disease. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of prospectively collected data from 284 subjects who underwent a pulmonary function test, bronchial provocation test, rhinoscopy, and osteomeatal unit computed tomography offered as a private health check-up option. RESULTS: CT findings showed that the sinusitis group had a significantly lower FEV1/FVC ratio than subjects without sinusitis finding (78.62% vs 84.19%, P=0.019). Among the sinusitis group, subjects classified by CT findings as the extensive disease group had a slightly lower FEV1/FVC than those of the limited disease group (76.6% vs 79.5%, P=0.014) and the associations were independent of the presence of airway hyperresponsiveness. The subjects with nasal polyp had also lower FEV1 and FEV1/FVC than subjects without nasal polyp (FEV1: 100.0% vs 103.6%, P=0.045, FEV1/FVC: 77.4% vs 80.0%, P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: CT findings suggesting chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp were associated with subclinical lower airway flow limitation even in the absence of underlying lung disease.
Bronchial Provocation Tests ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Nasal Polyps* ; Pathology ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory System ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis*

Adult ; Ammonia ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Poisoning ; complications ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory System ; drug effects ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Time Factors

An 81-year-old man underwent bronchoscopy to investigate the cause of his dyspnea symptoms. A benign natured mass was observed in the bronchus and was excised. The pathology examination revealed a fibroepithelial polyp. He has been asymptomatic since the simple bronchoscopic excision. A fibroepithelial polyp is a benign tumor with a mesodermal origin. It is commonly found in the skin, urogenital area and chest, but is extremely rare in the respiratory system. We report a case of a fibroepithelial polyp in the bronchus, which was treated with a bronchoscopic excision, with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Aged, 80 and over ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Mesoderm ; Pathology ; Polyps* ; Respiratory System ; Skin ; Thorax

Humans ; Respiratory System ; anatomy & histology ; physiopathology ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery