Objectives: This study aimed to measure the resilience level of non-medical personnel of the University of the Philippines Manila – Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH) and determine whether this was associated with sociodemographic factors such as gender, length of service and job position. Methodology: A cross-sectional study that included non-medical personnel using convenience sampling via email was done. Data was obtained through the 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14) as well as a sociodemographic factors questionnaire. Descriptive and non-parametric correlational analysis of data was used. Results: One hundred twenty five of the 153 respondents (81.70%) garnered a resilience score of 74-98 or moderate to high resilience level, while 28 or 18.30% had a resilience score corresponding to very low and on the low end. The mean resilience score was 81.8, corresponding to a moderate resilience level. More women than men had a resilience level of moderate to high. Respondents with greater than 5 years of work experience within the hospital had higher resilience levels than those who were less experienced. Moderate to high resilience levels were found in more administrative than non-administrative personnel. No significant association was found between resilience level and the factors analyzed. In terms of Resilience Core Characteristics, all comparisons between demographic factors of interest and Self-reliance, Purpose, Equanimity, Perseverance and Authenticity yielded insignificant results except for Self-reliance versus length of service, which showed a weak but significant relationship. Exploratory factor analysis found that the unidimensionality of the RS-14 Scale (US Version) still applied when administered to Filipinos in this particular population. Conclusion Majority of the non- medical personnel of the UP -PGH had moderate level of resilience. There was a lack of significant association between resilience level and demographic characteristics like age, length of service, and position in the study sample. In terms of Resilience Core Characteristics, comparison between length of service and self -reliance showed a weak but significant relationship.
Resilience, Psychological ; COVID -19

Background and Objective: Primary care nurses serve as the gatekeeper of the health system. They could be psychologically affected in times of health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess their perceived anxiety, depression, and resilience while working in the rural health units in Samar Province. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed involving 188 primary care nurses who were working in rural health units (RHUs) in Samar province. They were selected through stratified random sampling technique. Anxiety and depression levels were assessed using the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Resilience level was assessed using 18-item Resilience Scale. Pearson’s r moment correlation and logistic regression analysis were used to determine associated factors with mental health. Results: Twenty (20) nurses experienced anxiety and five of them reported depression. Work experience is associated with depression [Exp(B) = 3.753; 95% CI (1.121 – 12.563)]. Overall, nurses reported high resilience level. Anxiety and depression are significantly and negatively associated with resilience. Conclusions Primary care nurses experience depression and anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic. Work experience is associated to their levels of depression. Moreover, nurses reported high levels of resilience. The higher the levels of anxiety and depression, the lower is their resilience.
anxiety ; depression ; resilience, psychological

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to construct and test a structural equation model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) of earthquake victims based on Tedeschi and Calhoun's model (2004). METHODS: Data were collected from 195 earthquake victims living in K. City. The exogenous variables include distress perception, resilience, and social support, and the endogenous variables include intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, and posttraumatic growth. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed. RESULTS: The modified model showed a good fitness to the data. Moreover, 6 of the 9 paths of the final model were statistically significant, which include PTG affected by deliberate rumination (β=.58, p<.001), resilience (γ=.18, p=.001), and distress perception (γ=.20, p=.002). These predictors explain 51.8% of variance in posttraumatic growth. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop and disseminate preventive intervention programs to increase the resilience of earthquake-prone communities. In addition, after exposure to a community-scale traumatic event such as earthquake, we should provide social supports to alleviate distress perception and transition from intrusive rumination to deliberate rumination so that we can seek new meaning from the earthquake and facilitate posttraumatic growth.
Earthquakes ; Resilience, Psychological ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: Resilience relates to coping with stressful hospital environment. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of resilience skills of clinical nurses for surviving in a hospital setting. METHODS: The Q methodology was used as it helps analyze the participants' subjective perspective on each item. Participants were 32 registered nurses who sorted 38 selected Q statements that were then plotted on a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The subjective perspectives on the resilience of clinical nurses were analyzed using the PC-QUANAL program. RESULTS: This study revealed four types of resilience in clinical nurses, accounting for 65.2% of the variance: Type I: Reality-harmonic type; Type II: Own will type; Type III: Professionalism-oriented type; and Type IV: Relation-oriented type. CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest the need to develop interventions for improving clinical nurses' resilience according to their types. Following further investigation of nurses' resilience, it may be necessary for organizations to develop several resilience strategies.
Humans ; Methods ; Nurses ; Resilience, Psychological

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among grit, academic resilience, and psychological well-being among nursing students. METHODS: The participants were 271 nursing students, enrolled in C university. Data were collected from September 5 to 30, 2016 and analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. RESULTS: The mean scores for academic resilience were above average. The mean score for grit and psychological well-being presented an appropriate level. Psychological well-being in nursing students was significantly correlated with academic resilience (r=.65, p<.001) and grit (r=.52, p<.001). The significant predictors of psychological well-being for nursing students were academic resilience (β=.47, p<.001), grit (β=.26, p<.001), and major satisfaction (β=.20, p<.001) which explained 53.1% of the variance in psychological well-being. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that it is necessary to develop grit and academic resilience enhancement programs to improve the psychological well-being of nursing students.
Humans ; Nursing* ; Resilience, Psychological ; Students, Nursing*

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the mediating role of internet addiction in the association between psychological resilience and depressive symptoms. METHODS: 837 Korean university students completed a survey with items of demographic information, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in 2015. The complex associations among psychological resilience, internet addiction, and depressive symptoms were delineated using structural equation models. RESULTS: In the most parsimonious model, the total effect and indirect effect of resilience on depressive symptoms via internet addiction, were statistically significant. The goodness of fit of the measurement model was satisfactory with fit indices, normed fit index (NFI) of 0.990, non-normed fit index (NNFI) of 0.997, comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.998, root mean square error (RMSEA) of 0.018 (90%CI=0.001–0.034); and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) of -21.049. CONCLUSION: The association between psychological resilience and depressive symptoms was mediated by internet addiction in Korean university students. Enhancement of resilience programs could help prevent internet addiction and reduce the related depression risks.
Depression* ; Humans ; Internet* ; Negotiating* ; Resilience, Psychological

INTRODUCTION: Increased healthcare demands due to the COVID-19 pandemic have overwhelmed nurses worldwide. Resilience of nurses has been impacted due to many factors (e.g., longer work shifts) causing psychological distress. The study aimed to determine the correlation of burnout, compassion fatigue, and moral injury with resilience among nurses assigned in COVID-19 wards. METHODS: Virtual survey tools were sent to nurses of a public hospital to obtain data. Data were analyzed using JAMOVI and SPSS. RESULTS: Levels of burnout showed moderate burnout in personal burnout (f=44) (65.7%); Moderate burnout in work-telated burnout (f=36) (53.7%); no/low level of burnout in client-related burnout (f=48) (71.6%). Level of compassion fatigue showed job burnout (f=59) (88.1%). Level of moral injury indicated “requiring clinical attention” (f=52) (77.6%). Level of resilience showed medium resilience (f=45) (67.2%). Correlation between burnout and resilience yielded negligible negative correlations between personal burnout and resilience (r=-0.160, p=0.031), work-related burnout and resilience (r=-0.222, p=0.008), and client-related burnout and resilience (r=-0.120, p=0.741). Correlation yielded weak negative correlations between compassion fatigue and resilience (r=-0.254, p=0.038) and between moral injury and resilience (r=-0.318, p=0.009). The linear regression showed no significant correlations between personal burnout and resilience (p=0.063), work-related burnout and resilience (p=0.070), client-related burnout and resilience (p=0.331), compassion fatigue and resilience (p=0.080), moral injury and resilience (p=0.227). CONCLUSION The findings showed significant correlations between personal burnout and resilience, work- related burnout and resilience, compassion fatigue and resilience, and moral injury and resilience. There were no significant correlations between client-related burnout and resilience. Multiple linear regression indicated burnout, compassion fatigue, and moral injury are not predictive factors for resilience.
Resilience ; burnout ; compassion fatigue ; moral injury

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing depression among mothers-in-law in multicultural families. METHODS: For this study, 159 participants from multicultural familieswere recruited through administrative units of the B. & U. Metropolitan City and G. Province. Data related to acculturation stress, resilience, and depression were collected fromApril to August 2014 and analyzed through t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 for Windows program. RESULTS: The participants had a moderate level of acculturation stress (2.43+/-0.75: range 1~5) and resilience (4.74+/-1.14: range 1~7). About 58% of the participants had depression. The results of stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that mothersin-law's depression was affected by resilience (beta=-1.17, p<.001), acculturation stress (beta=0.85, p=.026), perceived economic level (beta=-0.83, p=.016), difficulty in physical activity (beta=-0.62, p=.027), relationship satisfaction (beta=-0.51, p=.035), and education level (beta=-0.48, p=.033). The explanatory power of these factors was 35%. CONCLUSION: The findings indicated the need to lower the level of depression by enhancing resilience and reducing acculturation stress among mothers-in-law in multicultural families. Future research to reduce depression among mothers-in-law inmulticultural families should consider how to enhance resilience and reduce acculturation stress.
Acculturation* ; Aged ; Depression* ; Education ; Humans ; Motor Activity ; Resilience, Psychological

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the influence of resilience and symptom experience on quality of life. METHODS: Seventy five patients in an active treatment stage were recruited from 2 hospitals between October and December 2010. A survey including perceived health status, physical functional status, the symptom experience index, resilience, and the functional assessment of cancer therapy-colorectal (FACT-C) was completed. RESULTS: The level of FACT-C was 86.61 (+/-18.91), which was higher than for patients with colostomy, but lower than for patients in a rehabilitation stage. Participants without physical functional limitations showed higher level of both resilience and quality of life. Participants with bad health status showed a lower level of both resilience and quality of life and higher level of symptom experience. The quality of life was related to the level of resilience (beta=.373), symptom experience (beta=-.292), and perceived health status (beta=-3.961). CONCLUSION: Proactive nursing approaches to manage symptoms and to improve perceived health status would enhance the quality of life of colorectal cancer patients. Furthermore, various strategies to strengthen the level of resilience should be developed.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Colostomy ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Resilience, Psychological

PURPOSE: Recently, the interest in positive psychotherapy is growing, which can help to encourage positive relationships and develop strengths of people. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a positive psychotherapy program on positive affect, interpersonal relations, resilience, and mental health recovery in community-dwelling people with schizophrenia. METHODS: The research was conducted using a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. A total of 57 adults with schizophrenia participated in this study. The study participants in experimental group received a positive psychotherapy program (n=28) and the participants in control group received only the usual treatment in community centers (n=29). The positive psychotherapy program was provided for 5 weeks (of 10 sessions, held twice/week, for 60 minutes). The study outcomes included positive affect, interpersonal relations, resilience, and mental health recovery. The collected data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA for examining study hypothesis. RESULTS: Results showed that interpersonal relations (F=11.83, p=.001) and resilience (F=9.62, p=.003) significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group. Although experimental group showed a slight increase in positive affect, it was not significant. CONCLUSION: The study findings confirm that the positive psychotherapy program is effective for improving interpersonal relations and resilience of community-dwelling people with schizophrenia. Based on the findings, we believe that the positive psychotherapy program would be acceptable and helpful to improve recovery of mental health in schizophrenia.
Adult ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations* ; Mental Health* ; Psychotherapy* ; Resilience, Psychological ; Schizophrenia*