OBJECTIVETo develop a dental CAD/CAM system with the autonomic intellectual property.

METHOD28 standard teeth crowns were scanned using a newly 3-D laser scanner. As a development platform the Matlab 5.3 were used to process the acquired data, also be used to define the characterized areas on the surfaces of the crowns and to change the crowns form. The software of Surfacer 10.5 to develop a new CAD software for fixed prosthetics, and the 3.5 axis numerical controlled machine to manufacture the prosthetics were used.

RESULTIt is the first time, the 3D graphic data bank of Chinese teeth crowns with a standard form was established. A software of the occlusal adjustment and the form modification were developed. It is also the first time, the authors realized the whole process to use the CAD-CAM for the manufacture of a crown.

CONCLUSIONThe successful result shows, that we have already mastered well the base theory, the mathematics method, the technology of a CAD-CAM system. It provides the basics for the future development.

Computer-Aided Design ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; methods ; trends ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; methods ; Dentistry, Operative ; methods ; Humans ; Research ; trends ; Research Design

With the expansion of human practical activities, more and more areas have suffered from big data problems. The emergence of big data requires people to update the research paradigm and develop new technical methods. This review discussed that big data might bring opportunities and challenges in the area of auditory implantation, the deafness genome, and auditory pathophysiology, and pointed out that we needed to find appropriate theories and methods to make this kind of expectation into reality.
Cochlear Implantation ; Deafness ; genetics ; Humans ; Otolaryngology ; trends ; Research Design

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify trends for studies published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing and journals published by member societies from inaugural issues to 2010. METHODS: A total of 6890 studies were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Quantitative studies accounted for 83.6% while qualitative studies accounted for 14.4%. Most frequently used research designs were quasi-experimental (91.1%) for experimental research and survey (85.2%) for non-experimental research. Most frequent study participants were healthy people (35.8%), most frequent nursing interventions, nursing skills (53.5%), and 39.8% used knowledge, attitude and behavior outcomes for dependent variables. Most frequently used keyword was elderly. Survey studies decreased from 1991 to 2010 by approximately 50%, while qualitative studies increased by about 20%. True experimental research (1.2%) showed no significant changes. Studies focusing on healthy populations increased from 2001-2005 (37.5%) to 2006-2010 (41.0%). From 1970 to 2010, studies using questionnaire accounted for over 50% whereas physiological measurement, approximately 5% only. Experimental studies using nursing skill interventions increased from 1970-1980 (30.4%) to 2006-2010 (64.0%). No significant changes were noted in studies using knowledge, attitude and behavior (39.9% ) as dependent variables. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that further expansion of true experimental, qualitative studies and physiological measurements are needed.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Nursing Research/ethics/*trends ; *Publishing ; *Qualitative Research ; Republic of Korea ; Research Design

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of doctoral dissertations in nursing science submitted since 2000. METHOD: Three-hundred and five dissertations of six schools of nursing published from 2000 to 2006 in Korea were analyzed with the categories of philosophy, method, body of knowledge, research design, and nursing domain. RESULT: In philosophy, 82% of all dissertations were identified as scientific realism, 15% were relativism, and 3% were practicism. Two-hundred and fifty dissertations (82%) were divided into a quantitative methodology and 55 dissertations (18%) were qualitative methodology. Specifically, 45% were experimental, 23% methodological, 13% survey and 17% qualitative designed researches. Prescriptive knowledge was created in 47% of dissertations, explanatory knowledge in 29%, and descriptive knowledge in 24%. Over 50% of all research was studied with a community-based population. In the nursing domain, dissertations of the practice domain were highest (48.2%). CONCLUSION: Dissertations since 2000 were markedly different from the characteristics of the previous studies (1982-1999) in the increase of situation-related, prescriptive and community-based population studies. A picture of current nursing science identified in this study may provide a future guideline for the doctoral education for nursing.
*Dissertations, Academic as Topic ; Education, Nursing, Graduate/*trends ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing Research/*trends ; Nursing Theory ; Philosophy, Nursing ; Qualitative Research ; Research Design

By confronting the opportunity and challenge of integrative Chinese and Western medicine (ICWM), in this paper, a comprehensive retrospective summary and preliminary discussion was given in aspects of the concept, historical background, acquired fruits, existing problems as well as the developing direction in the future and how to carry out academic researches of ICWM.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Research Design ; trends

The design of twins reared apart, very rare genetic epidemiological resources has been hailed as fascinating experiment of nature. However, not so many studies have been based on it due to the difficulty in recruiting the participants. It also makes the only existing research on twins raised apart particularly valuable. How to utilize these resources fully will be the focus of this research area. This review will overview its design background, basic hypothesis, and current status of research and give advice for the research in this field in China.
China ; Humans ; Research Design ; trends ; Twin Studies as Topic ; trends ; Twins ; genetics ; statistics & numerical data

The development of Chinese medicine and Western medicine andrology is based on different social background and academic systems, either Chinese medicine or Western medicine andrology has their limitations, therefore, integration of Chinese and Western medicine (ICWM) andrology is in a great need. After more than 30 years of development, andrology has made great achievements in the construction of specialized academic association, holding academic conferences and publication of academic monographs, and the research progress on this field is mainly in the combination of disease and syndrome, microdifferentiation of symptoms and signs and basic research development. However, the comprehensive theoretic system of ICWM andrology has not yet established, and the related studies are still on the primary stage. In the future studies, great efforts still need to be made to expand the methods for the investigation of ICWM, and make innovations in the field of andrology.
Andrology ; trends ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends ; Periodicals as Topic ; Research Design

PURPOSE: This study was done to describe the research trend of Complementary and Alternative Medicine(CAM) in Korea and internationally. METHOD: A Systematic review of CAM related literature published from 2000 to 2005 was done. A comprehensive search by using 34 CAM modalities as search terms to identify all articles dealing with CAM was undertaken from 4 databases: PubMed, RICHIS, KoreaMed, and Riss4U. A Total of 588 abstracts and 223 original articles were reviewed by two independent reviewers using systematic analysis guidelines. Data regarding the types of study design, characteristics of subjects and researchers, and classification of CAM modalities was recorded. The outcome measures of CAM were identified. RESULTS: CAM research has been rapidly increasing worldwide in the last decade. In Korea, nursing(53.5%) followed by medicine(42.7%) occupied the majority of CAM research in comparison to medicine(42.9%) and disciplines in CAM(25.0%), like homeopathy, internationally. Prevailing research designs in Korea were experimental and quasi-experimental, however, randomized clinical trials were found. Internationally, survey research was dominant, with the exception of randomized clinical trials that were mostly an experimental design. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that a robust research design in CAM research is needed to accumulate strong scientific evidence and to adopt nursing interventions from CAM modalities.
Biomedical Research/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Complementary Therapies/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Humans ; MEDLINE ; Models, Nursing ; PubMed ; Research Design

Burns ; surgery ; Research ; trends ; Research Design ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

Though the study on ecology of Chinese traditional medicinal resources methods has achieved great progress in recent years, it is not able to catch the pace of the development of ecology science. Based on the analysis of recent literatures about ecology development trend and Chinese traditional medicinal ecology methods, the progress of Chinese traditional medicinal ecology methods was reviewed, and future study trend was discussed.
Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecology ; methods ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Research ; trends ; Research Design