OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of inhaled furosemide in the adjuvant treatment of bronchial asthma systematically,and to provide evidenced-base reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Co-chrane library,CJFD,Wanfang database and VIP,randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about routine treatment+inhaled furosemide (trial group)vs. routine treatment(control group)in the treatment of bronchial asthma were collected. After quality evaluation and data extraction according to Cochrane systematic evaluation method 5.1.0,Meta-analysis was performed with Rev Man 5.3 soft-ware. RESULTS:A total of 13 RCTs were included,involving 708 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that:obvious ef-fective rate [RR=1.53,95%CI(1.28,1.84),P<0.001],total effective rate [RR=1.34,95%CI(1.23,1.45),P<0.001],the inci-dence of laryngeal discomfort [RR=10.79,95%CI(1.47,78.99),P=0.02] and gastrointestinal adverse reaction [RR=10.80,95%CI (1.43,81.53),P=0.02] in trial group were all significantly higher than control group,with statistical significance. There was no sta-tistical significance in the incidence of dry mount [RR=3.71,95%CI(0.81,16.86),P=0.09] and electrolyte disorder [RR=2.38, 95%CI(0.10,56.53),P=0.59] between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Based on conventional treatment,the inhaled furosemide has good therapeutic efficacy and safety for bronchial asthma,and the laryngeal discomfort and gastrointestinal reaction should be strengthened.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical and audiological characteristics of children with congenital malformations of the external ear. METHOD: One hundred and ten patients with congenital malformations of the external ear ranged from 2002 to 2006 were involved in this study. The mean age was one year and four months. The children were divided into three groups according to the appearance of the external ear. The first group consisted of 94 patients with auricle malformation and atresia of the external auditory meatus. The second group consisted of 8 patients with abnormal external auditory meatus (no atresia) and auricle malformation. The other 8 patients only with auricle malformation were included in the third group. All children underwent ABR tests, while some of these children accepted DPOAE and Acoustic-immittance measurements. RESULT: (1) Severe abnormal results of ABR were observed in 79 abnormal ears (78.22%) in children of first group, while moderate or severe abnormal results of ABR were observed only in 8 opposite side ears (normal ears). (2) Sixty-two and a half percent (5 ears) of ears of the second group (8 ears) had severely abnormal ABR results. (3) Severe abnormal ABR results occurred in 44.44 percent (4 ears) of ears of the third group (9 ears). Moderate or severe abnormal results of ABR were not observed in the opposite side ears (normal ears) in second and third groups. CONCLUSION Congenital malformations of the external ear is an important factor affecting children's hearing. Auditory nerve impairment can be observed in children with congenital malformations of the external ear.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; physiopathology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Hearing Disorders ; congenital ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB), to analyze the relationship between skin lesion sites and adjacent organ tuberculosis, and to provide a theoretical basis for the effective control of CTB.Methods:Demographic data, clinical characteristics and accessory examination findings were retrospectively collected from CTB patients admitted to the Department of Tuberculosis, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2011 to December 2018. Analysis was carried out on the incidence of CTB among patients of different ages and genders, the relationship between skin lesion sites and other organ tuberculosis, and the positive rates of etiological and histopathological examinations.Results:A total of 118 patients with CTB were included, accounting for 1.03% (118/11 460) of all tuberculosis patients, and 65 were confirmedly diagnosed with CTB. Among the 65 confirmed CTB patients, CTB mostly occurred in teenagers aged 14 - 25 years (15/65, 23.1%), the male-to-female ratio was 1.32∶1 (37∶28), and the proportion of females was highest in the age group of 26 - 35 years (6/10) ; skin lesions mainly occurred on the chest (29/65, 44.6%), abdomen (13/65, 20.0%), and limbs (10/65, 15.4%), and mainly manifested as localized masses (41/65, 63.1%), skin ulceration (16/65, 24.6%), and skin itching (2/65, 3.1%) ; 53 patients were clinically diagnosed with CTB, and there was a significant difference in the lesional sites between the patients diagnosed with confirmed CTB and those clinically diagnosed with CTB ( χ2 = 13.42, P = 0.026), while there were no significant differences in gender and age distribution, skin manifestations, or other tuberculosis comorbidities (all P > 0.05). Among the 118 patients with CTB, 2 (1.7%) presented with a solitary skin lesion, while 116 (98.3%) were accompanied by pulmonary tuberculosis and/or extrapulmonary tuberculosis in other organs; among patients with other tuberculosis, those with pulmonary tuberculosis, digestive tuberculosis, superficial lymph node tuberculosis and with spinal tuberculosis showed relatively high proportions of patients with adjacent CTB, which were 45.6% (52/114), 34.6% (9/26), 50.0% (8/16) and 62.5% (10/16) respectively, with the concurrent CTB lesions located on the chest, abdomen, head, face and neck, and waist and back respectively; the positive rate of pulmonary etiological examination was 32.2% (38/118), and the overall rifampin-resistance rate was 7.1% (2/28) ; the positive rates of skin etiological examination, skin histopathological examination and immunological examination were 48.7% (19/39), 52.6% (10/19) and 75.9% (41/54), respectively. Conclusion:The proportion of CTB patients was relatively low among all tuberculosis cases; CTB was more common in male teenagers, and the proportion of females was highest in the age group of 26 - 35 years; CTB lesions were polymorphic and mainly occurred on the chest, abdomen and extremities; there was a certain correlation between CTB and adjacent organ tuberculosis.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of stereotactic surgery in patients with refractory mental disorders.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; clinical data, postoperative complications and medication intake of 149 patients with refractory mental disorders accepted stereotactic surgery in Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital, Wuhan University from August 2019 to December 2023 were collected. Outcomes were assessed at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery by Clinical Global Impression-Global Improvement (CGI-GI). Before and 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery, severities were assessed by Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness (CGI-SI); cognition was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); positive and negative symptoms were evaluated by Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS); psychotic symptoms were evaluated by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90); obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and manic symptoms were assessed by Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Scale (Y-BOCS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), respectively; social functioning and quality of survival were evaluated by Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref Form (WHOQOL-BREF).Results:(1) Increased sleep was noted in 47 patients and fatigue in 38 patients within 1 week after surgery. Behavioral laziness and emotional apathy were still presented at 1 month after surgery in 6 patients, and complications disappeared in the rest patients. Mildly reduced initiative was presented at 12 months after surgery in 5 patients. (2) CGI-GI indicated that 149 patients were followed up 1 month after surgery with an overall efficiency of 85.90%; 135 patients were followed up at 6 months after surgery with an overall efficiency of 83.21%, 106 patients were followed up at 12 months after surgery with an overall efficiency of 79.24%, and 63 patients were followed up at 24 months after surgery with an overall efficiency of 80.95%. (3) Compared with those before surgery, significantly lower BPRS scores, significantly lower PANSS positive, negative, and overall scores, statistically lower BAI, BDI-II, YMRS, and MOAS scores, significantly lower Y-BOCS obsessional thinking, compulsive behavior and total scores, significantly higher WHOQOL-BREF (physical and psychological domains) scores, and significantly lower SDSS and SCL-90 scores were noted in patients at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery ( P<0.05). (4) At 12 months after surgery, withdrawal drug was noted in 13 patients, reduced drug in 38, same dose in 52, and increased drug in 2 patients. Conclusion:Stereotactic surgery can obviously improve obsession, anxiety, depression, mania and aggression, and modify social functioning and quality of survival in patients with refractory mental disorders, enjoying good safety.