TCM believes that apoplexia is a disease of deficiency in origin and asthenia in superficiality. The deficiency is mainly the Qi deficiency and the superficiality is turbid phlegm retention and blood stasis due to Qi deficiency. Therefore, the therapeutic method should treat the origin of apoplexy as well as its superficiality. Based on the pathogenesis of apoplexy of Qi deficiency and phlegm-blood stasis, Naomaitai Capsule was formulated with the functions of supplying Qi to consolidate the origin, activating blood flow, dissipating phlegm, dredging collaterals, and stopping endogenous wind.

Objective To study the value of PSADT in predicting the prognosis and the possibility of disease progression for patients with prostate cancer after MAB therapy.Methods Based on the retrospective review of the history and the follow-up of 159 prostate cancer patients,who received MAB therapy in our department from January 1994 to December 2010,PSADT values were calculated and survival analysis was performed.The ages at diagnosis ranged from 54 to 90 years with a median of 74 years.The pretreatment PSA value ranged from 2.6 to 275.0 μg/L with a median of 46.8 μg/L.The patients of Gleason score ≤6,7 and ≥8 constituted 27.7％,42.1％ and 25.2％,respectively.Only 26.4％ of the patients were staged as T1N0M0-T2N0M0 and the others had locally advanced disease or metastasis.A multivariate analysis with a Cox's proportional hazard model was used and the disease progression rates in different PSADT groups were also compared.Chi-square test and Log-rank test were applied in statistic analysis.Results The 159 patients received follow-up with a median period of 28 months (6-126 m).The median PSADT of these 159 patients was 5.7 months (0.5-21.0 m).The 3-year and 5-year survival for the 71 patients,whose PSADT were not less than 6 months,were 89.4％ and 47.6％ respectively,compared with 49.8％ and 30.6％ for the other 88 patients whose PSADT were less than 6 months.The survivals were significantly different between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).It was confirmed by a further multivariate analysis with a Cox' s proportional hazard model that PSADT was one of the predictive factors of the prognosis of these prostate cancer patients with a hazard ratio of 2.6 (P ＜ 0.01).Moreover,disease progression were found in 19.7％ of the PSADT≥6 m group during the follow-up compared with 63.6％ in the PSADT ＜6 m group.The disease progression rates were also significantly different (P ＜ 0.0 l).Conclusions PSADT can be used to predict the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer after the MAB therapy.The survival for the patients,whose PSADT are not less than 6 months,is higher than those whose PSADT less than 6 months.Meanwhile,PSADT can predict the possibility of disease progression after MAB treatment.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical features of giant cell fibroblastoma (GCF), with emphasis on its differential diagnosis and histogenesis.

METHODSSeven cases of GCF were investigated by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSSix cases occurred in children, and one occurred in a 35 year-old adult (mean 9.4 years). Five were male and two were female. Clinically, all cases appeared as slowly growing painless nodules located in the dermis or subcutis of the trunk and extremities. Microscopically, the poorly circumscribed tumor was composed of a proliferation of slightly to moderately atypical spindle cells which were arranged in parallel or wavy fascicles, and embedded in a fibromyxoid to collagenous background. The pathognomonic feature consisted of irregular distributed cleft-like or sinusoid-like pseudovascular spaces lined with a discontinuous layer of pleomorphic spindle cells and multinucleate giant cells. There was transition in shape between these two cells. Immunohistochemially, both cells expressed vimentin and CD34. Follow-up information in five cases showed local recurrences in two cases.

CONCLUSIONS(1) GCF is a distinctive fibroblastic tumor of intermediate malignancy that occurs predominantly in children. Recognizing its clinical and pathological characteristics is important to avoid misdiagnosis with other lesions with similar features. (2) GCF shared clinical, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic features with its adult counterpart-dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). The additional coexistence of GCF and DFSP areas in some primary cases and the reciprocal transformation in recurrent tumors all suggest that they are two closely related entities, possibly representing two members of the CD34 positive dendritic neoplasms.

Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dermatofibrosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant ; Male ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective　To investigate the mechanism of lipid peroxidation by which chrysotile fibres exert their effect in human in vivo and in vitro.Methods　Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA, an indicator of lipid peroxidation) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined in 47 female workers, who were exposed to high airborne concentration of chrysotile fibres (mean 18.40±3.23, ranging from 5.0～186.3 mg/m3), 12 female asbestosis patients with simple asbestosis and controls. Meanwhile MDA level and SOD activity in cell membrane were detected in macrophages treated by chrysotile fibres.Results　Plasma MDA level and activities of SOD and GSH-Px of exposed female workers were 3.23±0.59 μmol/L, 17.39±4.63 U/ml, 181.61±12.49 U/L, respectively. Likewise those of non-exposed controls were 2.15±0.75 μmol/L, 11.99±3.99 U/L, 170.13±15.12 U/L respectively. Plasma MDA level and activities of SOD and GSH-Px of exposed female workers were significantly higher than those of the non-exposed controls (P<0.001). While, mean plasma MDA and SOD, GSH-Px of the asbestosis　patients (mean 3.03±0.71 μmol/L,18.23±6.97 U/ml, 180.04±7.73 U/L, respectively) and those of chrysotile-exposed controls (mean 2.77±1.54 μmol/L, 17.44±4.47 U/ml, 182.52±6.61 U/L, respectively) were not significantly different (P>0.05). Correlations between plasma MDA and durations of exposure among asbestos exposed workers were statistically insignificant: γ=-0.1934, P>0.05. Moreover, it existed a balance between MDA level and SOD activity with MDA levles increasing and SOD activity decreasing. While SOD was feedbackly increasing and MDA decreasing, the MDA was then increasing gradually and SOD decreasing. The process occurred progressively. At the same time, chrysotile fibres could elevate MDA level and decrease SOD activity in the cell membrane of macrophages at the concentrations of 100 μg/ml in vitro.Conclusions　The results suggest the involvement of lipid peroxidation on exposure to chrysotile fibres and development of antioxidant mechanisms in exposed workers and asbestosis patients, and support the opinion that LPO plays an important role in the development of asbestosis, and MDA and antioxidase, such as SOD, porbably constitute sensitive features of prediction and trending observation.

Objective: To understand the status quo and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in preschool children, and to provide scientific theoretical reference for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity in preschool children in Urumqi. Methods: Stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to select 1 897 preschool children from 10 kindergartens in Urumqi from October to December in 2021 to understand the status quo of overweight and obesity of preschool children by measuring their height and weight. The influencing factors were collected by questionnaire survey, including Chinese preschoolers eating behavior questionnaire, Chinese preschooler s caregivers feeding behavior scale, 3-6 year old children s home nurture environment scale, and characteristics and influencing factors of physical activity among preschool children. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschool children was 31.21% (592), including 19.50% (370) overweight and 11.70% (222) obesity.Childhood overweight and obesity detection rates varied significantly by age, sex, child dietary habits, father BMI, maternal BMI, and maternal pre pregnancy BMI ( χ 2=19.63,28.75,9.45,18.21,18.45,19.36, P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, children s eating habits, paternal BMI, pregnancy BMI, satiety responsiveness, external eating, initiative eating, weight concerns, behavior restricted feeding, physical activity and family physical activity environment were the influencing factors of overweight and obesity in preschool children( OR =0.52,1.43,1.51,1.44,0.69,0.74,1.35,1.71,0.81,0.96,1.10, P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Overweight and obesity in preschool children are popular in Urumqi. Education, diet control and scientific exercise should be strengthened to prevent childhood overweight and obesity.

Objective To investigate the profile of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from the patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital during 2012.Methods A total of 6 662 nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected.Disc diffusion test or Kirby-Bauer method and automated systems were employed to study the antimicrobial resistance.The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software according to CLSI 2012 breakpoints.Results Of the 6 662 bacterial strains included in this analysis, gram negative organisms and gram positive cocci accounted for 66.7% (4 446/6 662)and 33.3% (2 216/6 662),respectively. The top 10 most frequently isolated microorganisms were E.coli (17%),P .aeruginosa (11.4%),A.baumannii (11.4%), S.aureus (11.2%),K.pneumoniae (9.2%),E.faecalis (8.4%),E.faecium (4.1%),coagulase negative Staphylococcus (3.3%),E.cloacae (3.1%)and S.maltophilia (3.1%).About 39.9% of the S.aureus strains and 73.4% of the coagulase negative Staphylococcus were methicillin-resistant.No staphylococcal strains were found resistant to vancomycin,teicoplanin or linezolid.A few of vancomycin-or teicoplanin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecium and E.faecalis.No lin-ezolid resistant strains were found.ESBLs-producing strains accounted for 53.0%,25.7% and 27.0% in E.coli,Klebsiella spp.(K.pneumoniae and K.oxytoca)and P .mirabilis, respectively.The Enterobacteriaceae strains were still highly susceptible to carbapenems. Overall, less than 2.6% of these strains were resistant to carbapenems.A few pan-re-sistant strains of K.pneumoniae (0.7%,4/615)were iden-tified.About 20.3% and 13.6% of the P .aeruginosa isolates were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.P . aeruginosa isolates showed the lowest resistance rate (7.2%)to amikacin.And 72.8% and 75.2% of A.baumannii strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem.A.baumannii isolates showed relatively low resistance rate to cefoperazone-sulbac-tam (51.2%)and minocycline (30.2%).The prevalence of pan-resistant strains was 43.5% in A.baumannii and 1.4% in P . aeruginosa.Conclusions Bacterial resistance is still increasing,especially pan-resistant A.baumannii strains.It is mandatory to take effective measures to control hospital infections and improve rational antibiotic use.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance proifle in the clinical bacterial strains isolated from Peking Union Medical College Hospital during 2014.Methods A total of 8 295 nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected. Disc diffusion test (Kirby-Bauer method) and automated systems were employed to study the antimicrobial susceptibility. The data were analyzed by using WHONET 5.6 software according to CLSI 2014 breakpoints.Results Of the 8 295 isolates, 67.4% were gram-negative, and 32.6% were gram-positive. The top 10 most frequently isolated bacteria were:E. coli(18.1%),P. aeruginosa (10.8%),K. pneumoniae (10.2%),S. aureus (9.8%),
A. baumannii(9.2%),E. faecalis (6.3%),E. faecium (4.1%), coagulase-negativeStaphylococcus (4.1%),E. cloacae (3.1%) andS. maltophilia (2.9%). Methicillin resistant strains inS. aureus (MRSA) and coagulase negativeStaphylococcus (MRCNS) accounted for average of 28.4% and 66.5%, respectively. The resistance rates of MR strains to β-lactams and other antimicrobial agents were much higher than those MS strains. Overall, 81.3% of MRSA strains were still susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, while 81.1% of MRCNS strains were susceptible to rifampin. No staphylococcal strains were resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin or linezolid. The resistance rate ofE. faecalis strains to most of the drugs tested (except chloramphenicol) was much lower than those ofE. faecium. Several strains of bothE. faecium andE. faecalis were found resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin, which were Van-A and Van-B types based on their phenotype. No linezolid resistant enterococcal strains were found. Data showed that 90.8% ofβ-hemolyticStreptococcus strains were susceptible to penicillin. ESBLs-producing strains accounted for 54.2%, 31.0% and 28.9% inE. coli,Klebsiella spp (K. pneumoniae andK. oxytoca) andP. mirabilis, respectively.Enterobacteriaceae isolates were still highly susceptible to carbapenems. Overall, no more than 3.3% of these strains were resistant to carbapenems. A few extensively drug-resistant strains ofK. pneumoniae (1.3%, 11/842) were identiifed. The resistance rates ofP. aeruginosa to imipenem and meropenem were 17.5% and 11.8%, respectively.P. aeruginosa isolates showed the lowest resistance rate (5.9%) to amikacin. And 69.0% and 67.4% ofA. baumanniiisolates were resistant to imipenem and meropenem.A. baumannii isolates showed the lowest resistance rates to cefoperazone-sulbactam and minocycline (47.8% and 28.7%), respectively. The prevalence of extensively drug-resistant strains was 32.3% inA. baumannii and 1.8% inP. aeruginosa. The prevalence of β-lactamase inH. inlfuenzae was 33.7%. More than 93.0% ofS. pneumoniae strains were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin.Conelusions Bacterial resistance is still increasing in this hospital, especially carbapenem resistantEnterobacteriaceae. It is necessary to take effective hospital infection control measures and use antibiotics rationally.

Macrophages play a crucial role in inflammatory, proliferative and reconstructive phases in wound healing. A dysfunction of macrophage could lead to a delay of healing. As the most common type of chronic wounds, the diabetic wound may ultimately result in a delayed or failed wound healing due to a high glucose microenvironment and abnormal metabolic environment. Such abnormal metabolic environment may lead to the aberrant macrophage polarization, abnormal secretion of cytokines and aberrant phagocytic function hence cause prolonged inflammation with excessive oxidative stress reaction. As the consequence, the inflammatory phase in diabetic wound is lengthy while the proliferative and reconstructive phases are usually delayed. The diabetic wound may result in enormous financial burden to patients, the healthcare and the society. This study briefly reviewed the recent research progresses at home and abroad, and analysed and summarized the roles of the dysfunction of macrophage polarization, secretion and phagocytosis in the process of diabetic wound healing.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of exposure to rush-mat dust on the health of workers.

METHODSA cross sectional study of 661 workers (349 men, 312 women) from 35 rush-mat plants was carried out by using occupational health investigation, questionnare and physical examination.

RESULTSThe geometric mean total dust concentration in the workshop was up to 20.00 mg/m3, and the geometric mean respirable dust concentration reached 8.22 mg/m3. The mean free SiO2 concentration of accumulated dust was 25.6%. The prevalence of radiographic small opacities profusion category > or = 1/0, according to the China Classification for pneumoconiosis (GB 5906-2000), and compared with the ILO 1980 system, was 2.57%. Even more, one man had category 2 pneumoconiosis with progressive massive fibrosis. However, the incidence of pneumoconiosis (1/0 at least) was correlated with work duration and dust concentration(r = 1.156, P < 0.001; r = 0.106, P = 0.006, respectively). Some positive correlations were found between the incidence of cough or expectoration and occupational exposure (r = 0.085, P = 0.028; r = 0.094, P = 0.016, respectively).

CONCLUSIONTo our knowledge, this is the first report of rush pneumoconiosis in China. The results have offered the possibility of a dose-response relationship between rush-mat dust and pneumoconiosis. More investigation in this area is need.

Aluminum Silicates ; Chemical Industry ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dust ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pneumoconiosis ; etiology

Objective To explore the value of methylation of SDC2 and SFRP2 genes promoter in fecal DNA for colorectal cancer ( CRC) screening. Methods All stool samples were enrolled from Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University, the Tenth People' s Hospital of Tongji University and the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. A total of 500 stool samples collected from March 2018 to December 2018 were allocated to CRC group ( 132 CRCs ) , adenoma group ( 38 advanced adenomas), healthy group (152 healthy individuals), interferential group (178 cases of benign colorectal disease or other non-colorectal tumors) and negative group (330 cases composed of healthy group and interferential group ) . The promoter methylation of fecal SDC2 and SFRP2 genes was detected by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and compared with single gene methylation and the fecal immunochemical tests ( FIT) to evaluate its sensitivity and specificity. Results The stool sample analysis showed that the sensitivity of combined detection of SDC2 and SFRP2 in CRC group was 97. 73％ ( 129/132 ) , which was significantly higher than those of the single gene SDC2 test [ 70. 45％ ( 93/132) , P=0. 000] , single SFRP2 test [81. 82％ (108/132), P=0. 000] and FIT [69. 70％ (92/132), P=0. 000]. In adenoma group, the sensitivity of combined detection of SDC2 and SFRP2 was 57. 89％ (22/38), which was significantly higher than those of the single gene SDC2 test [ 15. 79％ ( 6/38 ) , P= 0. 000 ] and FIT [ 21. 05％ ( 8/38 ) , P=0. 021] , with no significant difference compared with that of SFRP2 test [ 47. 37％ ( 18/38) , P=0. 358] . In healthy group, the specificity of combined detection of SDC2 and SFRP2 was 98. 68％ (150/152), with no significant difference compared with those of single gene SDC2 test [ 100. 00％( 152/152) , P=0. 156] , single SFRP2 test [98. 68％ (150/152), P=1. 000] or FIT [95. 39％ (145/152), P=0. 091]. Specificities of combined detection of two genes in interferential and negative groups were 90. 45％ ( 161/178) and 94. 24％( 311/330) , which were significantly higher than 73. 03％( 130/178, P=0. 000) and 83. 33％( 275/330, P=0. 000) of FIT, respectively. Conclusion The combined detection test of methylation of SDC2 and SFRP2 is superior to single gene test, whose sensitivity of CRC and aggressive adenoma and specificity of distinguishing benign and malignant lesions are higher than FIT, which has potential application value.