Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of superficial temporal artery-anterior temporal artery bypass combined with encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis in the treatment of Moyamoya disease.Methods:A total of 42 patients with moyamoya disease, admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January 2019, were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to surgical management. The patients in the observation group were treated with superficial temporal artery-anterior temporal artery bypass combined with encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis, and the patients in the control group were treated with superficial temporal artery-angular gyrus artery bypass combined with encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis. The clinical data of these patients were analyzed retrospectively, and the differences of efficacy and safety between the two groups were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in operation time between the two groups ([189.16±21.23] min vs. [179.46±16.95] min, P>0.05). One d after the operation, the patients in both groups were re-examined with CT angiography, and the anastomotic vessels were unobligated. Two patients in the observation group had cerebral infarction in the operative region and one patient in the control group had cerebral infarction in the operative region; no significant difference was noted in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). The modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores in both groups one month after surgery were significantly decreased as compared with those one d before surgery ( P<0.05); one month after surgery, the mRS scores in observation group (0.13±0.346) were significantly lower than those in the control group (0.42±0.515, P<0.05). Conclusion:The superficial temporal artery-anterior temporal artery bypass combined with encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis has definite clinical efficacy in the treatment of moyamoya disease.

Objective To summarize the microsurgical techniques for removal of large neoplasms located in the suprasellar,back of sellar region and anterior part of third ventricle through bilateral frontobasal interhemispheric approach.Methods Fifty-six patients with large neoplasms located in the suprasellar,back of sellar region and anterior part of third ventricle,admitted to our hospital from January 2002 to January 2013 and performed removal via bilateral frontobasal interhemispheric approach; their clinical data and treatment efficacy were analyzed retrospectively.The microsurgical techniques were summarized,and the factors affecting the prognosis were analyzed.Results Total removal of the tumors was achieved in 49 patients (88％) and subtotal removal in 7 (12％).The pituitary stalk was reserved in 47 patients (84％),severed in 4 (7％),and unidentified in 5 (9％).The bilateral olfactory nerves were successfully preserved in 50 patients (89％) and unilateral severed in 6 (11％).Visual impairment was found in 41 patients before surgery,39 of them achieved postoperative visual improvement and 2 patients had no change during the follow-up at 6 months.In our series,there were no procedure-related mortalities and bacterial meningitis.Unilateral anosmia was detected on examination in 2 patients.Minimal frontal lobe contusion developed in 2 patients but resolved within 3 weeks.Cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in 1 patient,which was cured for 2 week.Transient diabetus insipidus developed in 25 patients but resolved within 1 month; permanent postoperative diabetes insipidus was present in 5 patients during the follow-up at 6 months.During the follow-up of 12 months,56 patients (100％) gained Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores of 5,only 4 (7％) patients with tumors resected partially had tumor relapse and received surgery again.Conclusions The bilateral frontobasal interhemispheric approach is appropriate for removing tumors located in the suprasellar,back of sellar region and anterior part of third ventricle.With sufficient exposure of lesion,the important anatomic structures such as the pituitary stalk,hypothalamic structure,perforating vessels,anterior communicating complex,the visual pathway,and the olfactory nerves could be preserved effectively.The surgery via this approach can increase total removal rate of the tumors,decrease the complications and achieve a good outcome.