Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of one-stage posterior percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation combined with lateral anterior approach for focus debridement bone graft fusion in the treatment of lumbar tuberculosis(TB).Methods Eighty-seven cases of lumbar tuberculosis treated by operation respectively adopted the one-stage anterior and posterior combined approach operation(group A) and simple lateral anterior approach operation(group B).The levels of CRP and ESR,Cobb angle,ODI score and Frankl score before and after surgery were statistically analyzed,and operation situation was analyzed in the two groups.Results The operation time and intraoperative bleeding volume in the group A were significantly more than those in the group B(P＜0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in average hospitalization time between the two groups(P＞0.05).All cases were postoperatirely followed up for average (20.30-4-3.70) months.The levels of ESR and CRP,ODI score,Frankel score and Cobb angle after operation and at last follow up in the two group were significantly improved compared with before operation(P＜0.05).The bone graft healing time in the group A was significanlly shester than that in the group B.Conclusion Posterior approach fixation combined with anterior approach debridement operation has the advantages of less trauma,fixation stability and high bone healing rate for treating lumbar tuberculosis.