BACKGROUND:In recent years,research on the interaction mechanism between the immune system and the skeleton in postmenopausal osteoporosis has become a hot topic.However,the impact of changes in key immune-related cytokine expression on postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unclear and requires further exploration. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differential expression of immune-related cytokines in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of mice with postmenopausal osteoporosis by bioinformatics methods. METHODS:Postmenopausal osteoporosis mouse model was established through ovariectomy.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained by the whole bone marrow adherence method and passaged to passage 2.RayBio L-Series Mouse Antibody Array 308 Glass Slide Kit immune-related factor antibody chip was used to detect the differentially expressed proteins in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from ovariectomy and sham-operation mice.Gene ontology,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis,and protein-protein interaction network analysis were performed to screen common Hub genes by MCC,EPC,and MNC algorithms. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:This study identified a total of 68 differentially expressed genes.Gene ontology analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in terms including"immune system processes","extracellular regions",and"signal receptor binding".Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in"cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions","tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways",and"chemokine signaling pathways".Further screening was performed by constructing a protein-protein interaction network analysis of these 68 differentially expressed genes to identify 8 Hub genes.The violin plot and correlation matrix showed that the expression levels of these 8 Hub genes were significantly down-regulated in the ovariectomy group compared to the sham-operation group.These results demonstrated that there was differential expression of immune-related factors in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of postmenopausal osteoporosis mice,and key genes involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions,immune system-related processes,and potential targeted signaling pathways and cellular biological processes were identified,providing new promising targets for the diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.