Lung cancer has become the leading cause of death from malignant tumors worldwide. At the same time, statistics show that the incidence and mortality of lung cancer are increasing year by year. Because patients with lung cancer do not have typical symptoms in the early stage, this directly leads to the majority of patients who are already at advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, and the prognosis is not good. How to diagnose lung cancer early and accurately and find patients with potential risks and predict the prognosis is of great significance for the formulation of further treatment plans. In recent years, the field of artificial intelligence has been booming. As a branch of artificial intelligence, machine learning could learn efficiently from complex and large amounts of data. Besides, the learned model has good generalization ability. These characteristics can take greatly advance on the research about lung cancer

Objective:To determine the residual formaldehyde fumigation on the surface of pharmaceutical equipments by AHMT method. Methods:The reaction time of AHMT was controlled in 20 min, the solution with sodium periodate was then shaken for 30 seconds and stood for 30 seconds, and then the absorbance at 550 nm was measured. Results: The linear range of formaldehyde was 0. 250~2. 495 μg·ml-1. The recovery of formaldehyde on glass plate, color steel plate and stainless steel plate was (83. 42 ± 1. 48)%(n=3), (83. 63 ± 1. 94)%(n=3)and (83. 94 ± 2. 28)%(n=3), respectively. Conclusion:The method is proved to be convenient and accurate, and is suitable for the determination of formaldehyde on the surface of pharmaceutical equipments.

This study was aimed to optimize the ethanol extraction technology ofXiao-Xu-Ming (XXM) decoction. The extraction rates of paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, tetrandrine and yield extract were used as comprehensive evaluation indexes. The amount of ethanol, extraction times, extraction time and concentration of ethanol were selected as factors. The orthogonal design was used to optimize ethanol reflux extraction technology of XXM decoction. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: refluxing extracted 3 times with 10 folds, 70% ethanol, 1.5 h for each time. It was concluded that the optimized extraction process was objective, practical, reasonable and stable, which provided experimental basis for industrial production of XXM decoction.

Objective To analyze the concept of Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-Fine Motor (PDMS-FM). Methods Concept con-tained in each item of PDMS-FM was discussed and determined by 3 rehabilitation physicians or therapists. They were linked to the catego-ries of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY) by 2 rehabilitation physi-cians according to the linking rules after discussion. Third party intervened informally if there was a disagreement. Results Ninety-eight items from the PDMS-FM linked to 21 categories of the 3rd level within 13 categories of the 2nd level, belong to b1 Mental Functions, b7 Neuromusculoskeletal and Movement-related Functions, d1 Learning and Applying Knowledge, d4 Activities and d5 Self-care, a total of 5 categories of the 1st level. Eighty items linked to d4, and 40 items linked to d1. Conclusion PDMS-FM mainly focuses on the activities, es-pecially Carrying, Moving and Handling Objects and Basic Learning of Learning and Applying Knowledge.

Health impact assessment（HIA）is an evidence-based methodology to assess the potential impacts of a policy,program or project and to make recommendations for health improvement. HIA can promote the cooperation between health and non-health sectors,raise the awareness about health in decision-makers,increase the participation of stakeholders and change health inequality. This paper reviews the international studies into HIA from 2000 to 2018,providing reference for HIA development in China.

Objective: To learn the human resource development of provincial,municipal and county-level centers for disease control and prevention（CDCs）in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2017,and to provide evidence for optimizing human resource allocation . Methods: We obtained the human resource data of CDCs in Zhejiang Province from national information system for disease control and prevention,and analyzed the changes in the number of permanent staffs,the number of permanent staffs per ten thousand permanent residents as well as the composition of the age,education level,professional background and title in provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs from 2010 to 2017 . Results: The number of the permanent staffs of CDCs in Zhejiang Province increased from 4 592 to 4 835 from 2010 to 2017. In 2017,the number of permanent staffs in overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs per ten thousand permanent residents were 0.855,0.068,0.186 and 0.600,respectively,all of which did not meet the standard. The main age group of CDC staffs changed from 25-34 years old in 2010 to 35-44 years old in 2017. The staffs of overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs mainly had Bachelor's degrees in 2010,while the staffs of provincial CDCs mainly had Master's degrees and above in 2017. The percentages of staffs who had Bachelor's degrees and above in overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs in 2017 increased to 75.12%,90.36%,80.76% and 71.65%,respectively. The CDC staffs were mainly public health professionals,and the percentage increased from 2010 to 2017. The percentages of public health and laboratory medicine professionals in overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs in 2017 increased to 71.56%,79.17%,70.14% and 71.15%,respectively. The CDC staffs mainly had intermediate title,and the percentage of senior title in overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs in 2017 increased to 25.58%,38.80%,32.99% and 21.79%,respectively . Conclusion From 2010 to 2017,the structure of education level,professional background and title of CDC staffs in Zhejiang Province were further optimized,but there was a lack of permanent staffs and a decrease in the staffs under 35 years old.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of the transcatheter closure of antegrade pulmonary blood flow with high-risk Fontan operations.Methods Retrospective analysis of 6 Fontan surgical patients, 4 males and 2 females, who received surgical treatment in the cardiothoracic surgery of Shanghai Children's Medical Center from May 2016 to August 2018;Age(5.7 ±2.9) years;(19.8 ±5.5) kg weight.All 6 patients were treated with primary pulmonary artery banding operation and secondary bilateral Glenn operation(BDG) and re-PAB.Before Fontan surgery, cardiac catheterization was performed in the department of cardiology to close the antegrade pulmonary blood flow .Results These six patients received interventional therapy in the department of cardiology.The mean pulmonary artery pressure(Pp) before occlusion was(17.0 ±0.8) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), the ventricular diastolic pressure(VEDP) was (11.2 ±0.9) mmHg, and the mean pulmonary artery pressure after occlusion was effectively decreased to(14.2 ±0.7) mmHg and VEDP to(9.7 ±0.7) mmHg.Fontan surgery was performed 6 to 12 months after the occlusion.No death was found after the operation, and all the clinical indicators were normal after the operation.Follow-up was conducted for 2-24 months, and the cardiac function and the function of each organ recov-ered well.Conclusion For some patients with high risk Fontan before operation , this method can safely and effectively reduce the average pulmonary artery pressure and reduce the ventricular and pulmonary vascular load , which is of positive help for the successful Fontan operation.

Objective Mitral valve regurgitation often leads to cardiac insufficiency or even heart failure .Methods We tried a mitral valve annuloplasty with a ring to improve the effect of mitral valvuloplasty , 5 males and 6 females; aged(8.0 ± 4.5)years;weight(26.1 ±13.9)kg.From February 2015 to December 2017, 11 children underwent mitral valve annuloplasty with an mitral valve ring in our hospital.Immediately after surgery, the degree of mitral valve regurgitation was significant im-proved from moderate-severe to mild-moderate(P<0.05).Results 1 case of early death, 1 case had a mitral valve replace-ment because of early hemolysis.The rest of the children were discharged smoothly.The follow-up of 3 months of mitral valve regurgitation was not aggravated comparing with that immediately after surgery(P>0.05).There was no worsening of cardiac function at follow-up(P>0.05), and no other adverse events.Therefore, artificial mitral annuloplasty with a ring is effective in treating mitral regurgitation in children .The annulus had potential growth characteristics and did not require lifelong oral an-ticoagulant.Conclusion For some patients with difficulty, this method of mitral valvuloplasty can enlarge the surgical indica-tion and improve the quality of life of children.The treatment effect is good.

To analyze the outcomes of early Fontan failure after Fontan takedown. Methods A retrospective study of early Fontan Failure(EFF) children undergoing Fontan takedown from November 2013 to December 2017 was performed. Fontan takedown was defined as takedown back to an intermediate circulation, superior cavopulmonary connection. Fontan takedown was performed in 14 patients. There were 9 boys and 5 girls. Children were on average aged(4. 3 ± 1. 4) years when they had Fontan procedure. The mean weight was(14. 3 ±2. 7)kg. Operative procedure was extra-cardiac Fontan in 5 children, 9 had intra-cardiac Fontan. Fenestration was used in 11/14 patients. The outcomes were summarized with statistics, and risk factors for mortality after Fontan takedown were identified. Results The mortality after Fontan takedown was 4/ 14(28. 6％). In two patients(14. 3％), ECMO was followed after takedown, one of them died after two days. The time of ICU stay and hospital stay was relatively long(17. 0 ±11. 2)days and(33. 8 ±19. 4)days. The interval time between the Fontan procedure and the takedown operation is the risk fact after Fontan takedown. Conclusion Fontan takedown can be used as an effective management for the early Fontan failure, still with a high risk of mortality. Early diagnosis and takedown is recommended for EFF.