No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Cadmium* ; Plasma* ; Renin*

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To determine correlations among ambulatory renin activity, ambulatory blood pressure and microalbumin excretion rate, 66 Korean essential hypertensives were studied after 4 week wash-out period. The ambulatory blood pressure was monitored every 30 minutes and mean BP were calculated automatically. Urinary microalbumin excretion rate(UAER) and ambulatory plasma renin activity(aPRA) collected at mid-day were measured by radioimmunoassays. Subjectives were divided into 2 groups by aPRA value(2ng/ml/hr). RESULT: 14 cases were high renin group and 52 cases low renin group. The mean BP were 148.83/94.69mmHg in low renin group, and 146.57/98.07mmHg in high-renin group without difference. UAER were not different also between both groups. 23.07%(4/14) of non-dippers were included in high renin group and 25.58%(12/52) in low renin group without statistical difference. The aPRA was significantly related to UAER and systolic and diastolic mean blood pressure. Also UAER was related significantly to day mean blood pressures. CONCLUSION: Thus aPRA is thought to be a meaningful indicator to predict hypertensive renal target organ damage as well as blood pressure measured with 24-hr ABPM.
Blood Pressure* ; Hypertension* ; Plasma* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Renin*

Aldosterone ; blood ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; classification ; diagnosis ; Hypertension ; complications ; Mass Screening ; Renin ; blood ; Renin-Angiotensin System

A case of simple renal cyst associated with hypertension in a 28 year-old female was reported. Patient was admitted for palpation of mass on the right flank and hypertension. Renal cystograpby revealed a round cyst in the right kidney. Right nephrectomy was performed with the presumption that hypertension was related to renal cyst, but the level of renin in serum was not confirmed. The blood pressure returned to normal on the 2nd postoperative day, and was normal for one year of postoperative course.
Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy ; Palpation ; Renin

The renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in maintaining blood pressure in various pathologic and physiologic states. To investigate the effects of the sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension on plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone level, SNP 2.0 mg/kg/min was infused to seven unanesthetized rabbits. The mean arterial pressure and heart rate were measured three times; at the start of, 15 and 30 minutes after SNP inusion and 30 minutes after the discontinuation of SNP infusion. The measurement of the plasma renin activity and the serum aldosterone levels during SNP infusion were done by means of radioimmunoassay. The results were as follows: 1) The mean arterial pressure was 117.6+/-6.9 mmHg at zero time ans decreased significantly to 84.0+/-19.6mmHg and 72.9+/-21.6mmHg at 15 and 30 minutes after SNP infusion, respectiely(P<0.01). 2) The heart rate was 124.8+/-9.3 beats/min at zero time and increased significantly to 139.7+/-6.4 beats/minute and 155.6+/-7.9 beats at 15 and 30 minutes after SNP infusion, respectively(P<0.05). 3) The plasma renin activity was 2.31+/-0.53 ng/ml/hr at zero time and increased significantly to 5.17+/-1.39 ng/ml/hr and 4.97+/-1.52 ng/ml/hr in 15 and 30 minutes after SNP infusion, respectively. 4) The serum aldosterone level was 28.8+/-13.5ng/dl at zero time and increased to 42.3+/-14.6ng/dl and 39.5+/-13.9ng/dl at 15 and 30 minutes after SNP infusion and it continued to increase up to 30 minutes after discontinuation of SNP infusion. In conclusion, it was postulated that the plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone level were closely related to the change of the mean arterial pressure and heart rate during SNP-induced hypotension.
Aldosterone* ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hypotension* ; Nitroprusside* ; Plasma* ; Rabbits ; Radioimmunoassay ; Renin* ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; Sodium*

OBJECTIVETo monitor the change of renin, endothelin and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha in canine during left ventricular assist (LVA).

METHODSEight canines were assisted by left assist ventricular device for 9 hours. The level of renin, endothelin and 6-keto-prostaglandin f1alpha in plasma were measured by radioimmunity analysis before assisting (control group) and at 3 hours, at 6 hours, at 9 hours after assisting.

RESULTSThe level of endothelin in plasma didn't dropped remarkably as LVA proceeded in which there was not differency in statistical diffency compared with control group[(51 +/- 11) ng/L, (42 +/- 8) ng/L, t = 0.926, P > 0.05]; The level of renin in plasma reached the summit at 3 hours during LVA compared with control group (3,036 +/- 1,411) ng/L, (1,783 +/- 467) ng/L, t = 5.013, P < 0.01) and later show dropping tendency without statistical differency at 9 hours (1 944 +/- 883) ng/L (t = 0.644, P > 0.05); The level of 6-keto-prostaglandin f1alpha in plasma at 3 hours during assisting increased remarkably [(75 +/- 17) ng/L, t = 1.411, P < 0.05), at 6 hours reached summit [(92 +/- 18)ng/L, t = 3.533, P < 0.01) and at 9 hours show dropping tendency with significant differency compared with control group (90 +/- 22) ng/L, t = 2.516, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDuring 9 hours LVA, endothelin didn't dropped remarkably compared with control group and the endothelium released renin with transient increase, prostaglandin with consistent increase.

Animals ; Dogs ; Endothelins ; blood ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Models, Animal ; Prostaglandins ; blood ; Renin ; blood ; Ventricular Function

OBJECTIVETo screen primary aldosteronism cases with ARR (aldosterone/plasma renin activity, ARR) from patients with hypertension, and to evaluate the diagnosis value of ARR in primary aldosteronism cases and analysis the clinical characters of primary aldosteronism cases.

METHODSNine hundred and two patients with hypertension were collected, the plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio were detected by radio-immunity method, after that, ARR were calculated. Retrospective analysis was made of clinical data in 126 primary aldosteronism cases, which ARR were over 25.

RESULTSOne hundred and twenty-six cases (14%) were diagnosed as primary aldosteronism, and of them, 49 cases had hypokalemia. 25 patients received surgical operation and the rate of efficiency and cure of surgery treatment were 100% and 48%, respectively. The rate of efficiency and cure of drug treatment was 89% and 24% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSPrimary aldosteronism affects over 10% of patients with hypertension in China. Patients with hypertension and most patients with treatment-resistant hypertension should undergo screening for primary aldosteronism with ARR. A high ARR is a positive screening test result, a finding that warrants confirmatory testing.

Aldosterone ; blood ; Clinical Chemistry Tests ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; diagnosis ; Hypertension ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Potassium ; blood ; Renin ; blood ; Renin-Angiotensin System

A 54-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus was hospitalized with generalized edema and weakness. She was also found to have hypertension, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. Detailed examination showed subnormal plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration. Adrenal CT scanning revealed no adrenal tumor. A successful treatment with amiloride established the diagnosis of Liddle's syndrome for the patient. Liddle's syndrome, a rare hereditary disease usually found in young patients, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypertension even in elderly individuals.
Aldosterone/deficiency* ; Aldosterone/blood ; Alkalosis/genetics* ; Case Report ; Female ; Human ; Hypertension/etiology ; Hypokalemia/genetics* ; Middle Age ; Renin/deficiency* ; Renin/blood ; Syndrome

We describe a case of secondary hypertension caused by renal arteriovenous fistula. An 8-year old girl was hospitalized with a severe headache, vomiting, and seizure. Renal angiography demonstrated multiple renal arteriovenous fistula and increased blood renin concentration in the left renal vein. Thus, left renal arteriovenous fistula and renin induced secondary hypertension were diagnosed. Her blood pressure was well controlled by medication with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Blood Pressure ; Headache ; Hypertension ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Renal Veins ; Renin ; Seizures ; Vomiting

The response of plasma renin activity and Na, K content to physiological stimuli; supine, standing after liberal salt intake and salt loading, was observed in the normal human and patients with essential hypertension. The results are as follow: 1) The substance obtained from sample that exert contractile activity to rat colon, had blood pressure raising activity. Method in this experiment was able to detect angiotensin-II for concentration of 1 ng. 2) In normal, plasma Na content of supine state with liberal salt intake showed 142.2+/-1.8 mEq/L, but it was increased to 151.0+/-5.9 mEq/L after salt loading. In standing, plasma Na content showed 141.5+/-2.5 mEq/L with liberal salt intake. 3) In normal, plasma Na content of liberal salt intake showed 142.2+/-1.8 mEq/L in supine and 141.5+/-2.5 mEq/L in standing. The pasma Na content in supine after salt loading was significantly reduced by standing (143.7+/-1.5 mEq/L). 4) In normal, plasam renin activity of supine showed 7.3+/-1.6 mg/ml with liberal salt intake and 4.8+/-1.1 ng/ml with salt loading. The plasma renin activity in standing showed 12.8+/-3.1 ng/ml witn liberal salt intake and 7.3+/-1.1 ng/ml with salt loading. In both cases the salt loading decreased the plasma renin activity significantly. 5) In normal, the plasma renin activity of liberal salt intake or salt loading was significantly increased by standing compared with that of supine state. 6) In hypertensive patients with subnormal plasma renin activity, the plasma Na content in supine state showed 144.5+/-0.7 mEq/L with diuretics and 145.5+/-3.3 mEq/L with salt loading. In hypertensive patients with normal or high plasma renin activity, the plasma Na content in supine state showed 129.5+/-7.3 mEq/L with diuretics and 136.5+/-3.0 mEq/L with salt loading. In standing, plasma Na content was 132.5+/-3.1 mEq/L with diuretics and 135.7+/-2.5 mEq/L with salt loading. In hypertensive patients, the lower renin activity cases showed higher plasam Na content. 7) In hypertensive patients with subnormal renin activity, the plasma Na content tend to decrease by standing compared with that of supine state. 8) In hypertensive cases of low renin activity, the plasma renin activity in supine was 3.6+/-1.5 ng/ml with diuretics and 2.4+/-1.1 ng/ml with salt loading, and in standing, it was 6.0+/-2.1 ng/ml. with diuretics and 3.7+/-1.9 ng/ml with salt loading. In cases of high renin activity, the plasma renin activity in supine was 9.3+/-2.3 ng/ml with diruetics and 6.0+/-1.2 ng/ml with salt loading and in standing, it was 18.0+/-3.5 ng/ml with diuretics and 9.7+/-0.5 ng/ml with salt loading. 9) In patients with essential hypertension, we found that the plasma renin activity was incrased or not. It is suggest that the increased renin activity is not the cause of essential hypertension but is caused by essential hypertension.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Colon ; Diuretics ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Plasma* ; Rats ; Renin* ; Sodium*