Objective:To discuss the distinctive clinical manifestation of primary aspergillus laryngitis.Method:Six cases of primary aspergillus laryngitis in our department were reviewed,among which 3 cases were diabetes patients,and were laryngeal mucosal barrier impairment.2 cases were smoking, 2 cases were over use of voice and 1 case were gastro-pharyngeal reflux . Refractory hoarseness was the main clinical manifestation of all patients. The prophase treatment with antibiotics and glucocorticoid should breakdown the balance of flora and exacerbate the disease.Result:Stop using antibiotics and glucocorticoid and alter to oral administration of itraconazole in 2 to 4 weeks after final diagnosis can effectively cure the disease. No recurrence was found in 6 month to 4 years follow up.Conclusion:Diffuse hyperemia ,pachynsis and scattered lamellar leukasmus of vocal cord were the characteristic physical findings of primary aspergillus laryngitis.Pathology is the major means to get the final diagnosis. Oral administration of itraconazole could be effective.

BACKGROUND:. Until now modern science cannot explain clearly aboutthe mechanism of acute alcoholic liver injury. Besides such methods as givingup drinking, or symptomatic treatment, there is no specific therapy and remedy. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has obvious advantages for this: Itcannot only improve the clinical symptoms, but also adjust organism immunefunction, and has very good development future. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of radix bupleuri and radix scutellariae incompatibility with the ratio of different dosage (2:1, 1:1, 1:2) on acute alcoholicliver injury by regulating the system of endocrine-immunity network in rats. DESIGN: Groups are divided randomly and experiments are made underblank conditions. SETTING: TCM Clinical Laboratory of Pharmaceutical School, Henan University of TCM. MATERIALS: From September to November 2002 in TCM Clinical Laboratory of Pharmaceutical School, Henan University of TCM, the general condi tion of the animals were as follows: 96 healthy Wistar rats were divided into 8groups: blank group, model group, radix bupleuri group, radix scutellariaegroup, xiao-chaihu group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 2:1 group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:1 group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:2 group. METHODS: ① According to the ratio of 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, radix bupleuri andradix scutellariae were taken respectively (480 g, 240 g; 360 g, 360 g; 240 g, 480 g) to produce the water decocting nedicine. Except the blank group(duplicated by saline of the same volume through consecutive gastric infusion), the other groups are duplicated through consecutive gastric infusionby 56 degrees of Er-Guotou White Spirit (7 mL/kg) two times a day for tendays until the model-making is finished. From the first day, the medicine wasgiven two times a day. The blank group and the model group were given thedistilled water of the same volume. The other groups were given the properwater decocting medicine. The dosage in xiao-chaihu group was 10 g/kg andin the other was all 12 g/kg. ② 16 hours later after the last time when thewhite spirit was given, blood was taken from stomach aorta to produceserum. Liver, spleen, chest gland, adrenal gland were quickly removed. Thecalculating formula of an organ index: An organ index= The weight of an organ (g)/The weight of a body (g) ×100%. The calculating formula of vitamin C content in adrenal gland (mg/g): Content of vitamin C= [(The Avalue of the testing tube-The A value of the blank tube)/ (The A value ofthe standard tube-The A value of the blank tube)] ×density of the standardtube (6 mg/L)×dilution times of the sample before tested/protein content(g/L). ③ Comparison between the groups was shown by using variancesimilar test and single-factor variance analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Index of rats' liver, spleen, chest gland, and adrenal gland (on the right side); the determination of vitamin C content in rats' right adrenal gland.RESULTS: During the experiment, 3 rats in the model group died. Tworats died in radix scutellariae group and radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae group respectively, In each of the other groups only one rat died. The condition of the number of the rats which were used for analyzing results:There were 12 in blank group; 9 in model group; 10 in radix bupleuri group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:1 group respectively; 11 in each of the other groups. ① Comparison of index of rats in liver, spleen, chest gland, adrenal gland (right side) between different groups: There was no significant difference between the indexes of rats' liver in different groups.The index of spleen, chest gland, adrenal gland in the model group were all greatly less than in blank group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). The index of spleen in the radix bupleuri group wcre greatly higher than in the model group, it could make the reduced spleen index return to normal (P ＜ 0.05); The index of chest in radix scutellariae group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:1 group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:2 group and xiao-chaihu group were greatly higher than in model group (P ＜ 0.05); The index of adrenal gland in radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:2 group and xiao-chaihu group were greatly higher than in model group (P ＜ 0.05). ② Comparison of vitamin C content in rats' right adrenal gland between the groups: Compared with blank group, the vitamin C content of adrenal gland in the model group had no significant difference. While that of radix bupleuri group, xiao-chaihu group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae groups were greatly less than that of model group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), especially radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:1 group had the most significant influence (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Interfering functional injuries of liver, spleen and suprarenal gland is one of the mechanisms of acute alcoholic liver injury.Generally speaking, bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:2 group has the greatest effect on the testing index.

To observe the effects of dexamethasone (DXM) on changes of syndrome and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of asthmatic rats at different stages of intervention (before withdrawal, during withdrawal and after withdrawal).

OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of NGF, BDNF, NT-3 mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). And to analyze the correlation between NGF, BDNF, NT-3 mRNA expression and the epidsode of rhinitis through Th-2 Hypothesis. METHOD: This study was a group controlled trial. The expression of NGF, BDNF and NT-3 mRNA were tested by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and the concentrations of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and INF-alpha were tested by ELISA. RESULT: The expression of NGF, BDNF and NT-3 mRNA in AR patients were 2.44, 4.46 and 1.78 times the amount of those in the healthy adults, respectively. The increased expression of NT-3 correlated positively with the scores of visual analog scale of AR. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10, which were 2198 +/- 472 pg/mL, 9407 +/- 703 pg/mL and 3917 +/- 323 pg/mL respectively, were higher than those in the healthy adults. The concentration of INF-alpha was 2198 +/- 472 pg/mL and less than the healthy adults. The increased expressions of NGF, NT-3 were positively related to the increase of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10. CONCLUSION The expressions of NGF, BDNF and NT-3 mRNA in AR patients are higher than those in the healthy adults. NGF, BDNF and NT-3 may contribute to the pathogenesis of AR. Moreover, NGF and NT-3 may induce the episode of rhinitis through Th-2 Hypothesis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factor ; blood ; Nerve Growth Factors ; blood ; genetics ; Neurotrophin 3 ; blood ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; blood ; immunology ; Th1-Th2 Balance ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To observe the short-term results of Tos modified combined approach tympanoplasty (MCAT) in chronic suppurative otitis media. METHOD: This study is an observational study. The data of 26 patients (28 ears) underwent MCAT were collected. The surgical techniques, complications and preoperative and postoperative air-bone gap (ABG) were analyzed. RESULT: Of 28 ears, 26 ears (92.86%) get dry after surgery. 3 ears (10.71%)repaired tympanic membranes and reperforate postoperatively in which 2 minimal perforations were cured to close up patient treatment. One ear develops posterosuperior retraction pocket and one ear re-occurs cholesteatoma. One ear occurs blunting in the anterior sulcus and one ear has lateralization of the tympanic membrane. There are no hearing worsen and facial nerve palsy. For hearing, the postoperative pure tone threshold is better than preoperation (42.8 +/- 17.97 vs 47.49 +/- 18.01, P < 0.05) and postoperative ABG shrinks significantly (19.76 +/- 7. 49 vs 30.65 +/- 10.02, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Based on the short-term results, Tos' MCAT can successfully dissect the diseases of tympanic cavity and mastoid and develop a stable aerating middle ear with a complete hearing conduction. It is safe and feasible in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media, as well as in the poor-pneumatic mastoid.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Tympanoplasty ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To assess the expression of NGF, BDNF, NT-3 mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Meanwhile, to analysis whether the expression of NGF, BDNF, NT-3 mRNA correlate with the severity of rhinitis. METHOD: This study is a group controlled trial, which takes the healthy adults as control group. The total RNA have been extracted from the peripheral blood of AR patients. The expression of NGF, BDNF and NT-3 mRNA have been tested by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. RESULT: Comparing with the healthy adults, the expression of NGF, BDNF and NT-3 mRNA as 2(-deltadeltaCt) are 2.436 8, 4.4588 and 1.781 8 respectively. The increasing expression of NT-3 correlated positively with the scores of visual analog scale. CONCLUSION The expression of NGF, BDNF and NT-3 mRNA are as high as 2.4368, 4.4588 and 1.7818 times to healthy adults. We propose NGF, BDNF and NT-3 may contribute to the pathogenesis of AR. NT-3 could reflect the severity of rhinitis as a molecular biological index.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; blood ; genetics ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factor ; blood ; genetics ; Neurotrophin 3 ; blood ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; blood ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) under ultrasonic guidance for the treatment of upper urinary calculus. Methods From June 2004 to July 2009, 1289 patients with upper urinary tract calculi were treated with PCNL under ultrasonic guidance, 386 cases of them were upper ureteral calculi, 463 cases were single renal calculi,355 cases were multiple renal caculi, 85 cases were staghorn calculi. Calculus size was 0.8 cm× 1.2cm-9.0 cm× 5.3 cm,mean 2. 1 cm× 3.1 cm. Nine hunderd and thirty-five cases were with hydronephrosis. Results All patients were performed PCNL successfully, without conversion to open surgery or death. Mean operation time was 90(55-220)min, mean operative blood loss was 175(60-800)ml. Thirty-one cases were given blood transfusion during operation or post operation, 14 cases were given super-selective renal artery embolism for bleeding control. 1105 cases were treated with single tract, 108 cases with double tracts, 76 cases with three tracts. Calculus clearance rate of onestage PCNL was 85.03%(1096/1289);193 cases were found with residual calculi, 67 of them were given extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy, 126 of them were given two-stage PCNL, calculi were removed complelety in 85 cases. Total calculus clearance rate was 91.62%(1181/1289). Conclusions PCNL under ultrasonic guidance is an effective and safe method for the treatment of upper urinary calculus with advantages of accurate positioning, high calculus clearance rate, minimal trauma, and fewer complications. The key of successful PCNL is selection of patients, grasp of operation technique, and availability of other equipements.

Objective To analyze the different approaches and their indications in the laparo-scopic treatment of upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma. Methods 94 patients with upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma were divided to two groups. Group A (63 cases) with renal pelvic and ugper ureteral carcinoma were treated with retroperitoneal approach laparoscopic surgery and transurethral reseetoscope surgery. Group B (31 cases) with middle ureteral carcinoma including 6 cases with ureteral local infiltration were treated through 70° recumbent position transperitoneal ap-proach laparoscopic surgery combined with bladder cuff resection. The operative time, blood loss, the intestinal functional recovery time and post-operative complications were recorded. Results All 94 procedures were successfully completed, with no complication during the surgery. The mean operation time of A and B group was 156.5 and 160.8 min;the mean blood loss was 80 and 86 ml; the mean hos-pital stay was 8 and 8. 5 d; the time of bowel functional recovery of group A and group B was 24-48 and 24-72 h, respectively. 84 cases were followed-up with mean follow-up time of 23 months. Three eases and 5 cases were found having bladder tumor in the group A and group B. The incision and port metastasis was not found. Conclusions It is safe and feasible to treat the upper urinary tract transi-tional cell carcinoma laparoscopically. The selection of operating approach is mainly based on the loca-tion and local infiltration status of the tumor.

Objective To compare the safety of laparoscopic live donor nephreetomy(LDN) and open live donor nephrectomy(ODN), evaluate the kidney function and blood pressure of living donors during 1 year follow-up. Methods Thirty cases of LDN and 30 eases of ODN were retrospectively reviewed. The operation time, warm ischemia time, operative blood loss, time to post-operative intake and time to ambulation of the 2 grouups were compared. According to the modified Clavien classifica-tion system procedure-related complications were described and compared. Serum creatinine(SCr) le-vels, blood pressure and 24-h urine protein excretion were measured before nephreetomy and 1 d, 7 d, 3 months, 6 and 12 months after nephrectomy. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured preo-pratively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. These data were statistically analyzed. Results The operation time was (98. 6+13. 6)rain and (96.3+19. 5)rain in the LDN and ODN groups, re- spectively. Warm ischemia time in the LDN group was (90.6±15.1)s, in the ODN group was (86.4±12.3)s. Operative blood loss was (105.2±634.8)ml and (206.3±126.4)ml in the LDN and ODN groups(P<0.01). For the time to post-operative intake and time to ambulation, LDN group was (28.5±2.9)h and (25.8±63.8)h, ODN group was (38.6±63.3)h and (36.5±65.3)h(P<0.01). Perioperative complications rates were 6.6%(2/30) and 23.3%(7/30) for LDN and ODN, respective-ly. SCr was (109.1±7.5), (105.4±69.5), (96.6±10.7), (89.4±11.5), (91.6±69.3)/zmol/L in the LDN group and (107.3±69.6), (103.3±68.4), (95.4±69.1), (90.5±13.6), (90.3±11.7)μmol/L in the ODN group 1 day, 7 days, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after nephrectomy. The mean GFR of LDN and ODN was 64.7 and 65.8 ml/min at 6 months after nephrectomy, 65.9 and 67.5 ml/min at 12 months postoperatively, which were significantly different comparing with preoperative mean GFR in each group(P<0.05) but no significant difference was found between 6 months and 12 months after nephrectomy and between the 2 groups at the same time point respectively(P>0.05). Mean 24 h protein excretion was elevated after either LDN or ODN during 1 year followup, but was not significantly different either between predonation and 1 year after nephrectomy or between the 2 groups at the same period. Blood pressure increased or decreased slightly with the duration of follow-up,no significant blood presure changes were found before and after nephrectomy or between the two groups at the same period postoperatively. Conclusions LDN has the advantages of minimal trauma, less operative blood loss and quicker convalescence. It is safe and and has no adverse effects regarding kidney function and blood pressure during the first year after living kidney donation comparing to ODN.

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-inflammatory effect of the combination of Epimedii Folium, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and dexamethasone on asthma and its effect in inhibiting adverse reaction against hormone.

METHODDexamethasone had been injected intraperitoneally into asthmatic model rats for 2 weeks, together with the oral administration of Epimedii Folium and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus. The contents of IL-4, INF-gamma, IL-5 and GCR in BALF, serum COR, plasma ACTH and hypothalamic CRH were observed.

RESULTThe combination of Epimedii Folium, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and dexamethasone can significantly decrease the contents of IL-5 and IL-4 in BALF and ACTH and CRH content in plasma, increase the content of IFN-gamma and GCR in BALF and balance Th1/Th2.

CONCLUSIONThe combination of Epimedii Folium, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and dexamethasone has a better anti-inflammatory effect on asthmatic model rats, and play a protective role in the pathway of endogenous dexamethasone.

Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; immunology ; Cytokines ; analysis ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Ligustrum ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology