BACKGROUND:Fractures of the coronoid progress are common in patients with elbow dislocations, and often accompanied by elbow ligament and joint capsule laceration. The coronoid progress fracture often leads to elbow joint instability, if cannot get the correct therapy, wil result in repeatedly elbow instability, dislocation, and cause long-term irreversible damage to the elbow. OBJECTIVE:To review the literatures about coronoid fractures and relative anatomic and biomechanical studies. METHODS:An electronic search of the Web of Science database was conducted for clinical and experimental researches about coronoid fractures and relative anatomic and biomechanics published from January 1990 to March 2013, the key words were“coronoid process of the ulna, coronoid fracture, treatment method, research progress”. The articles published earlier and repetitive researches were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Coronoid process is an important primary stabilizer of elbow joint, The coronoid process combined with the soft tissues of ligaments, joint capsule and muscles that attached on the coronoid plays an important role in maintaining the elbow axial, varus, valgus and rotation stability. The selection of the treatment strategies for coronoid process fracture depends on the fracture type, degree of fracture fragments crush and injury of medial and lateral col ateral ligament and the anterior capsule. Uncomminuted large fractures can be treated with open reduction and internal fixation;comminuted fractures can be treated with reduction and internal fixation by the largest fracture fragments, autograft reconstruction or artificial coronoid process replacement;the repair of smal coronoid process fracture depends on the circumstances;if the elbow gets enough stability after repair of soft tissue injury, it cannot be addressed, if not, the elbow should be repaired with sutures or anchors. Earlier motion after operation is important to get better function, and the hinged external fixator can be used if necessary.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ethyl docosahexaenoate on brain oxidative injury and edema induced by cerebral ischemic/reperfusion in gerbils. Methods The gerbils were subjected to both common carotid arteries occlusion. The contents of MDA and GSH, the activities of GSH-PX, CAT, SOD and ATPase, the water content and the concentrations of Na + and Ca 2+ were measured. Histopathological examination was also done. Results The pretreatment with E-DHA significantly prevented the raise of MDA level, the decline of GSH content, the activities of GSH-Px, CAT, ATPase and the increases of Ca 2+, Na + and water content. Conclusion E-DHA has protective effect on brain ischemic injury and edema, which may be due to an inhibitory action on hydroxyl radical formation and brain edema.

BACKGROUND:Islet and islet cel transplantation for the treatment of diabetes has achieved effect, but the research is limited dut to the shortage of islet and immune rejection. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of transplantation of islet-like cells that in vitro differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the treatment of diabetes in rats. METHODS:The rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were induced with basic fibroblast growth factors and hepatocyte growth factors, and then received immunocytochemistry staining to detect the induction. The Sprague Dawley rats received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to establish the diabetes models. After modeling, the rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group (transplanted with induced islet-like cells). The experimental group was transplanted with the induced islet-like cells through renal capsule, and the control group was transplanted with normal saline in the same dose. The blood glucose and body mass of the diabetes rats were observed after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could differentiate into islet-like cells after in vitro induced with basic fibroblast growth factors and hepatocyte growth factors. There was no significant change in blood glucose of the control group after transplantation (P>0.05), and the blood glucose of the rats in the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into islet-like cells after in vitro induced with the induction system containing basic fibroblast growth factors and hepatocyte growth factors, and the islet-like cells have a certain ability of insulin secretion. The transplantation of induced islet-like cells after transplanted into the diabetes rats through renal capsule can decrease the blood glucose level of the rats.

The transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 signal pathway is related to mutiple physiological and pathological generation mechanism of human being. Up to date, however, the spacial and time information on the phosphorylated Smad3 is still unclear. In this study, the process of Smad3 phosphorylation was observed under the physiological state in the living cells. Firstly, the ECFP-Smad3-Citrine (Smad3 biosensor) fusion protein expression vector was constructed and identified. Then the Smad3 biosensor was transfected into 293T cells. The transfection efficiency and the expressions of fusion proteins were observed in 24 hours. Thirdly, Smad3 biosensor flurorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was observed with the inversion fluorescence microscope and measured by the MetaFlour FRET 4. 6 software. Smad3 biosensor transfection efficiency was nearly 40% and the fusion protein was seen under the fluorescence microscope. The FRET ratio of Smad3 biosensor in living 293T cells was decreased after 10 minutes incubation with the ligand of TGF-β1. The period of decreasing CFP and enhancing Citrine signals was about 300 seconds. With the technology of FRET, the TGF-β1/Smad3 signal pathway could be real time monitored dynamically under the physiological condition in living cells.
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Genetic Vectors ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Phosphorylation ; Signal Transduction ; Smad3 Protein ; metabolism ; Software ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Objective To observe the effects of GABA on proliferation, cell cycle and expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 of pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990. Methods The effects of different concentration of GABA (0 ～ 320 μmol/L) on proliferation and cell cycle of pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 was investigated by MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results GABA could promote the proliferation of SW1990 cells and influence the distribution of cell cycle, which made less cells of G0/G1 phase and more cells of S and G2/M phase. The value of A570 after GABA pretreatment at a dose of 320 μmol/L was 1. 11 ± 0.03, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (0. 56 ± 0.01, P < 0. 01 ), the cells of G0/G1 phase was (46.18 ± 1.12 )% ,which was significantly lower than (87.29 ± 1.34)% in the control group (P < 0. 01 ) ;the expressions of MMP-2 mRNA, MMP-9 mRNA and their proteins were 8.6, 6.8, 10.5, 8.4, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the groups of the doses of 0 ～ 40 μmol/L ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions GABA could influence the proliferation and expression of MMP of SW1990 cells.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of resection of tumors in hepatic centric area. Methods The clinical data of 36 patients with tumors in hepatic centric area treated by resection in our hospital from Jan 1996 to Dec 2001 were retrospectively analyzed. In this series,there were 26 cases of liver cancer and 10 cases of benign tumor. Of the 36 patients,the tumor involved the first porta hepatis in 13 cases, involved the second porta hepatis in 10 , involved the third porta hepatis in 5 , involved both the first and second porta hepatis in 3, and involved both the second and third porta hepatis in 5 cases. Results During the operation, massive hemorrhage occurred in 4 cases(11.1%). Postoperative complications occurred in 11 patients(30.5%),including liver function failure in 1 case (2.7%), biliary fistula in 2 cases (5.5%), pleural effusion in 6 cases (16.7%), subphrenic infection in 1 case (2.7%),and abdominal incisional hernia in 1 case (2.7%). All patients recovered except that one died of acute hepatic failure after the operation. Conclusions Although the surgery for this tumor is quite difficult and risky, if enough attention is paid to the choice of the patient,and the meticulous surgical technique,the operation safety and therapeutic result of the operation could be improved.