Objective To explore the clinical application of pereutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) and endovascular bracket to treat lower extremity arteriosclorotic occlusion.Methods The clinical data of 36 patients(41 affected limbs)with lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusion who were treated with PTA and bracket implantation from Jan 2008 to Dee 2008 were summarized.Results The initial successful rate of PTA wag 95.1% (39/41).The clinical symptoms were considerably improved in 37 affected limbs,representing of pain disappearing,skin temperature increasing and the healing of refractory ulcer.The index of ankle to brachial significantly increased from 0.54±0.11 to 0.79±0.15(before v.s.after therapy).However,no improvement was observed in 3 affected limbs,and one affected limb Wag re-operated by the amputation.In the following 3 to 15 months.three superficial femorsI arteries were re-obstructed at the 5th,6th,12th month,respectively.One arteria tibialis pesterior was re-obstructed at the 8th month.The cumulative cure rate was 89.7%(35/39).Conclusions PTA is effective in treating atherosclerotic occlusive diseases.The endovascular bracket can increase the cumulative cure rate.PTA and endovascular bracket are safe and effective in treating lower extremity arteriosclerotie occlusion.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have reported that rapamycin can affect the proliferation, migration and adhesion abilities of endothelial progenitor cels, but there is no report on the effect of autophagy, as wel as the interaction between autophagy and apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of rapamycin activated autophagy activation on the proliferation, apoptosis, and cycle of endothelial progenitor cels. METHODS:Density gradient centrifugation was used to obtain mononuclear cels from bone marrow, and the mononuclear cels were inoculated on human fibronectin-coated culture plate.Then after cultured for 7 days the adherent cels colected were the endothelial progenitor cels. Different concentrations of rapamycin (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μg/L) were added and cultured for 24 hours. Western blot was used to detect the LC3-II protein expression and monitor the induction of autophagy, flow cytometry was used to observe the cel cycle progression and apoptosis changes, and methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay was used to observe the proliferation ability. Meanwhile, the ultrastructural changes were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, there was no significant increasing of LC3-II protein expression of endothelial progenitor cels in 0.01 μg/L rapamycin group, and the LC3-II protein expression was in the high level. The LC3-IIprotein expression in the 1 μg/L and 10 μg/L rapamycin groups was higher than that in the control group, but lower than that in the 0.01 μg/L rapamycin group, which indicated that autophagywas particularly active when the concentration of rapamycin was 0.01 μg/L. The apoptosis of endothelial progenitor cels was increased with the increasing of concentration of rapamycin, and the proliferation rate was decreased with the increasing of concentration of rapamycin. The results indicate that activation of autophagy by bapamycin can promote the cel apoptosis, change the cel cycle significantly, and can inhibit the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cels.

Objective To investigate the effect of proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle of 3-MA on rat endothelial progenitor cells. Methods Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were isolated from rat bone marrow by ficoll. There were five groups. The control group and four 3-MA concentration groups: 1. 25 mmol/L,2. 5 mmol/L,5 mmol/L, 10 mmol/L. MTT was used to measure the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. Flow cytometry ( FCM) was used to detect cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Results (1)5 mmol/L 3-MA promotes proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells, while 10 mmol/L 3-MA inhibits the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells (P ＜ 0. 05). (2) 10 mmol/L 3-MA promotes apoptosis of endothelial progenitor cells, compared with the control, the difference was significant ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). (3) 3-MA at the concentration of 5 mmol/L reduces cells at G0/G1 phase and increases S and G2/M phase cells; 10 mmol/L 3-MA induces endothelial progenitor cells blockade at S phase, G2/M phase cells decreased, compared with the control, the difference was significant (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions 5 mmol/L 3-MA promotes the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. 10 mmol/L 3-MA inhibits the proliferation and promotes apoptosis of endothelial progenitor cells.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of delta-shaped (DS) gastroduodenostomy in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) for gastric cancer.

METHODSFrom July 2013 to November 2013, 22 gastric cancer patients underwent DS gastroduodenostomy using laparoscopic linear stapler. All the patients underwent TLDG with D2 lymphadenectomy. In addition, modified DS anastomosis (when closing the common entry hole, previous duodenal staple line was also removed) was used in selected patients. Clinical data of these 22 patients were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSAll the patients underwent TLDG with D2 lymphadenectomy and DS gastroduodenostomy. Among them, 12 patients underwent modified DS anastomosis. The total operative time was (194.6±38.4) min, and the DS anastomosis time was (19.1±14.1) min. The number of linear stapler cartridges used per patient was 5.8±0.8. The intraoperative blood loss was (49.5±24.0) ml. The number of lymph nodes harvested per patient was 32.8±12.4. All the patients achieved microscopic cancer-free resection margin. The time to the first postoperative flatus, first water intake, and semi-liquid diet was (2.9±0.7) d, (4.8±1.1) d, and (6.6±1.2) d, respectively. The duration of postoperative hospital stay was (10.1±2.3) d. The postoperative complication rate was 9.1% (2/22). No patients developed anastomosis-related complications including anastomotic leakage, stenosis, or bleeding.

CONCLUSIONSDelta-shaped gastroduodenostomy is simple, easy, safe, and feasible. It will be an ideal choice for reconstruction after totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy, and has great value in clinical practice.

Adult ; Aged ; Duodenum ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastroenterostomy ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological features and postoperative short-term complications in the elderly gastric cancer patients.

METHODSClinical data of 270 elderly patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy in Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between July 2012 and June 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Among 270 patients, 220 were 70 to 79 years old( old group) and 50 were ≥80 years old(oldest group). The clinicopathological features were compared between the two groups. Perioperative factors were analyzed to determine if they are associated with postoperative complications. Multivariate logistic regression model was performed.

RESULTSBefore operation, most elderly patients (n=161, 59.6%) had 2 or more than 2 comorbidities, including hypertension (n=154, 57.0%), anaemia (n=126, 46.7%), diabetes (n=53, 19.6%), arhythmia (n=52, 19.3%), cardiovascular disease(n=33, 12.2%), and chronic pulmonary disease(n=28, 10.4%). Elderly gastric cancers were more likely to locate at the lower third of the stomach (n=116, 43.0%). The pathological type was mainly the poorly differentiated carcinoma (n=152, 56.3%), and stage III was more common in TNM staging(n=138, 51.1%). As compared to the old group, the oldest group had more preoperative comorbid diseases(P=0.048), more previous surgery(P=0.029), more preoperative transfusion (P=0.019), more combined cholecystectomy (P=0.007) and feeding jejunostomy (P=0.037), but less tumor invasion of nerves(P=0.045). No significant differences in other clinicopathological parameters were found between the two groups (all P>0.05). A total of 121 (44.8%) patients presented postoperative complications, including severe complication in 30 cases(11.1%) and death in 4 cases(1.5%). Forty-seven patients(17.4%) presented operation-associated complications, including infection in 28 cases(10.4%) and leakage in 21 cases(7.8%). One hundred and seven(39.6%) patients presented non-operation-associated complications, including pneumonia in 48 cases(17.8%), hypertension in 23 cases(8.5%), and arhythmia in 17 cases(6.3%). Postoperative morbidities of Clavien-Dindo class II complication and non-operation-associated complication were higher in the oldest group compared with old group(P<0.05), while other postoperative complications were compared between the two groups, only urinary tract infection was significantly different(P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that postoperative complications were significantly associated with age(χ(2)=7.308, P=0.007), number of comorbid diseases (χ(2)=10.872, P=0.001), cardiovascular disease (χ(2)=9.412, P=0.002), hypertension (χ(2)=4.934, P=0.026) and preoperative transfusion (χ(2)=3.911, P=0.048). Multivariate analysis showed that only the number of comorbid diseases was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications(OR=2.810, 95% CI: 1.710 to 4.616, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONNon-operation-associated postoperative complications are more likely to occur in the elderly patients due to more comorbid diseases. Perioperative intensive care should be carried out for the elderly gastric cancer patients with comorbid diseases in order to improve surgical safety and efficacy.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Comorbidity ; Gastrectomy ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; complications ; surgery